定语从句习题及讲解

定语从句习题及讲解（精选6篇）

定语从句习题及讲解 第1篇

定语从句用法小结

概念: 在复合句中，修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句；被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句必须放在先行词之后；引导定语从句的词叫关联词。如：

关联词: 关系代词that，which，who，whom，whose和关系副词where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都充当一定的句法成份。关系代词在从句中充当动词的宾语时一般可以省略。

关系代词的选用比较复杂，受下列条件的制约：

(1)要看先行词是指人还是指物，(2)要看关系代词在从句中句法功能，(3)要看定语从句是限定性的还是非限定性的。

在定语从句中充当的成分

指人

指物

指人或指物

主语 who

which

that 宾语 whom which

that 谓语 whose whose(of which)

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that 只能用在限定性定语从句中，而who, whom, which既可用于限定性定语从句中，也可用于非限定性定语从句。

I know that he is a man who means what he says.I know that he is a man that means what he says.我知道他是一个守信用的人。

The gentleman whom she met addressed her with courtesy.The gentleman that she met addressed her with courtesy.她遇到的那位先生很有礼貌地向

她打了招呼。

The watch which was lost has been found.The watch that was lost has been found.丢了的表找到了。

Here is the material that you need.Here is the material you need.你要的材料在这儿了。

You are the only one whose advice he might listen to.他也就是听你的话吧。

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关系副词的选用: 如果先行词是表示时间的名词，如time, day 等，则用when, 如先行词为表示地点的名词，如place, house, area 等等，则选用where。如果先行词为reason 则选用why

I will never forget the mountain village where I spent my childhood.I will never forget the mountain village in which I spent my childhood.我永远也不会忘记我度过童年的那个小山村。

I don’t know the reason why he did that.I don’t know the reason for which he did that.我不知道他为什么这么做。

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当先行词是all, something, nothing 等不定代词时，或者先行词的前面有first, last, few 1 only, , much, some, any, no 等词修饰时，或者先行词的前面有最高级修饰时，一般只用that 而不用which 来引导定语从句：

I have explained everything that I can to you.我已经尽一切可能把事情向你解释得一清二楚。

That’s all that I know.我知道的就是这些。

Can you tell me something that you know? 你能把你知道的一些情况告诉我吗？ There is nothing that I cannot tell you.我没有什么不能告诉你的事情。

The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan.我们应该做的头一件事就是订一个计划。

The last place that we visited was the farm.我们最后参观的地方是农场。

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还有一种定语从句，它的结构是：the same … as… , such … as

这里的as 可以指人或物，且引导的是限定性定语从句：

Such furniture as is very popular is expensive.一种很受欢迎的家具价钱昂贵。

We have successfully done the same experiment as you did.你做过的那个试验我们已经成功地做完了。

It wasn’t such a computer as the advertisement had promised.这种电脑可不是广告中说的那种电脑。

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限定性定语从句与主句关系密切，为句中不可缺少的部分，如去掉，则主句意思不完整。而非限定性定语从句与主句关系松散，如果去掉了，主句内容仍然完整。在书面语中非限定性定语从句一般用逗号隔开。非限定性定语从句一般不用that 引导。引导非限定性定语从句的关系词不可省略。

His speech, which bored everyone, went on and on.他的讲话没完没了，真让人烦。

The general’s daughter, whose name is Jane, gave me a sweet smile.将军的女儿名叫珍妮。她冲我笑了笑，笑得好甜啊。

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非限定性定语从句中，先行词也可以是整个句子，一般用which 或as 来引导定语从句；which在从句中可充当主语、宾语等，而as 在从句中一般只充当主语；which 与as 引导这类定语从句的区别在于：which 只能放在句子当中或句子末尾，而as 的位置比较灵活，可以放在句子当中、句子末尾，也可以放在句首。

As is known to all, too much stress can cause disease.Too much stress can cause disease, as is known to all.Too much stress can cause disease, which is known to all.众所周知，压力太大了，人会得病的。

Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen, which is known to all.Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen, as is known to all.众所周知，水是由氢和氧组成的。

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关系代词在定语从句中有时也作介词的宾语。如果介词被置于关系代词前，一般只用介词加which 或介词加whom，而不用介词加that来引导定语从句。如果介词被置于从句句末，则可以使用that来代替which或whom，这时的that可以省略。

This is the ring on which she spent 1,000 dollars.这就是她花了一千美元买的那枚戒指。

One of my students whom you are familiar with will come.将要来的那个学生你也认识。1.In an hour, we can travel to places __________ would have taken our ancestors days to reach.A.where B.when C.which D.what 2.His movie won several awards at the film festival, __________ was beyond his wildest dream.A.which B.that C.where D.it 3.We went through a period __________ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.A.which B.whose C.in which D.with which 4.Mozart’s birthplace and the house __________ he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now.A.where B.when C.there D.which 5.Wind power is an ancient source of energy __________ we may return in the near future.A.on which B.by which C.to which D.from which 6.Children who are not active or __________ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.A.what B.where C.what D.that 7.As a child, Jack studied in a village school, __________ is named after his grandfather.A.which B.where C.what D.that 8.I refuse to accept the blame for something __________ was someone else’s fault.A.who B.that C.as D.what 9.The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of __________ left their village homes for a better life in the city.A.whom B.which C.them D.those 10.The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister __________ she would stay for an hour.A.where B.who C.which D.what 11.The newly-built cafe, the walls of __________ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.A.that B.it C.what D.which

12.I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school __________ I met in the English speech contest last year.A.who B.where C.when D.which 13.— What do you think of teaching, Bob?

— I find it fun and challenging.It is a job __________ you are doing something serious but interesting.A.where B.which C.when D.that 14.It’s helpful to put children in a situation __________ they can see themselves differently.A.that B.when C.which D.where 15.Because of the financial crisis, days are gone __________ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.A.if B.when C.which D.since 16.Gun control is a subject __________ Americans have argued for a long time.A.of which B.with which C.about which D.into which 17.I have reached a point in my life __________ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.A.which B.where C.how D.why 18.The man pulled out a gold watch, __________ were made of small diamonds.A.the hands of whom B.whom the hands of C.which the hands of D.the hands of which 19.Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers __________ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.A.where B.when C.who D.which 20.It is reported that two schools, __________ are being built in my hometown, will open next year.A.they both B.which both C.both of them D.both of which 4

定语从句习题及讲解 第2篇

非限制性定语从句也是定语从句的一种，在高中语法知识中它也是非常重要的一项的，老师们对于非限定性定语从句的讲解也是非常重视的。因为在考试中经常会出现该从句的讲解，下面大家就跟随小编一起来了解该从句的讲解。

说到非限定性定语从句的讲解，还要分成不同的部分，首先大家要知道就得就是该从句的作用是什么。其实它在句子中是一个独立的成分，不会受到主句的限制，把从句去掉之后，主句仍然是成立的。这也是为什么它会叫做非限定性定语从句。其次，大家要了解该从句的形式：非限制性定语从句与先行词以及主句之间的关系不甚紧密，因而通常要用逗号与主句分隔开。例如：

Have you seen the film Titanic, whose leading actor is world famous?

你看过“泰坦尼克号”这部电影吗?它的男主演可是世界闻名的。

My friend, who has served on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month.我有位朋友，他一辈子服务于国际奥林匹克委员会，下个月就要退休了。

在非限制性定语从句也分成不同的种类，在不同情况下，该从句的使用方法也是不一样的，在考试中经常会考察大家对于该从句不同类型的运用。如果大家不能很好的掌握这些用法，在考试的时候就一定会丢分了，下面就是关于该从句不同类型的介绍：

(1)who引导的非限制性定语从句

Our guide，who was a French Canadian，was an excellent cook.我们的向导，一个法裔加拿大人，擅长于烹调。

My gardener，who is very pessimistic，says that there will be no apples this year.我家的园丁非常悲观，他说今年将不结苹果。

(2)whom引导的非限制性定语从句

关系代词whom用于指人，在句中作动词宾语和介词宾语，作介词宾语时，介词可位于句末。如：

Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris.彼得现在回巴黎了，你在伦敦见过他。

Mr Smith，from whom I have learned a lot，is a famous scientist.史密斯先生是一位著名的科学家，我从他那儿学了许多东西。

(3)whose引导的非限制性定语从句

whose是关系代词who的所有格形式，在从句中作定语。whose通常指人，也可指动物或无生命的事物。如：

The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard.那位小男孩学习很努力，他的父亲是位工程师。

Above the trees are the mountains whose magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface.在树林的高处是山，其壮丽的景色完全映照在河面上。The play，whose style is rigidly formal，is typical of the period.这剧本是那个时期的典型作品，风格拘谨刻板。

(4)which引导的非限制性定语从句

关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中所指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、形容词、短语、其他从句或整个主句，在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。

① which指代主句中的名词，被指代的名词包括表示物、婴儿或动物的名词、表示单数意义的集体名词以及表示职业、品格等的名词。如：

These apple trees，which I planted three years ago，have not borne any fruit.这些苹果树是我三年前栽的，还没有结过果实。

She is an artist，which I am not.她是一位艺术家，而我不是。

Water，which is a clear liquid，has many uses.水是一种清澈的液体，有许多用途。

The two policemen were completely trusted，which in fact they were.那两个警察完全受到信任，事实上，也真是如此。

② which指代主句中的形容词。如：

She was very patient towards the children，which her husband seldom was.她对孩子们很耐心，她丈夫却很少这样。

She is always careless，which we should not be.她总是马虎大意，我们可不应该这样。

③ which指代主句中的某个从句。如：

He said that he had never seen her before，which was not true.他说以前从没见过她，这不是真的。

④ which指代整个主句。如：

In the presence of so many people he was little tense, which was understandable.在那么多人面前他有点紧张，这是可以理解的。

He may have acute appendicitis，in which case he will have to be operated on.他可能得了急性盲肠炎，如果是这样，他就得动手术。

When deeply absorbed in work，which he often was，he would forget all about eating and sleeping.他经常聚精会神地工作，这时他会废寝忘食。

(5)when引导的非限制性定语从句

关系副词when在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语，指代主句中表示时间的词语。如：

He will put off the picnic until May 1st, when he will be free.他将把郊游推迟到5月1号，那时他将有空。

(6)where引导的非限制性定语从句

关系副词where在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，指代主句中表示地点的词语。如：

They went to London，where they lived for six months.他们去了伦敦，在那儿呆了六个月的时间。

They reached there yesterday, where a negotiation of sale will be held.他们昨天抵达那里, 有一个关于销售的谈判在那儿举行。

(7)as引导的非限制性定语从句

as引出非限定性定语从句时，代替整个主句，对其进行说明但通常用于像as we allaknow, as it is know, as is know to all, as it is, as is said above, as always mentioned above, as is usual, as is often the case, as is reported in the newspaper等句式中。as在非限定性定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，且引出的从句位置比较灵活，可位于句首或句末，也可置于主句中间。通常均由逗号将其与主句隔开。as有“正如……，就像……”之意。如：

As it known to the United States, Mark Twain is a great American writer.美国人都知道，马克?吐温是一位伟大的美国作家。(as在从句中作主语)

He forgot to bring his pen with him, as was often the case.他忘了带笔，这是常事。(as在从句中作主语)

He is absorbed in work, as he often was.他正在全神贯注地工作，他过去经常这样。(as在从句中作表语)

Boy as he was，he was chosen king.他虽是孩子，却被选为国王。(as在从句中作表语)

as we all know, the earth is round.众所周知，地球是圆的。(as在从句中作宾语)

The two brothers were satisfied with this decision，as was agreed beforehand.两兄弟对此决定都满意，这项决定在事前都已得到他们的同意。(as在从句中作主语)

Taiwan is，as you know，an inseparable part of China.你知道，台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。(as在从句中作宾语)

(8)“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句 在介词后引导非限制性定语从句。关系代词which有时并不代表主句中某一确定的词，而是概括整个主句的意思。介词的选择取决于它与先行词的搭配或与从句中谓语动词的搭配。

They were short of sticks to make frames for the climbing vines，without which the yield would be halved.他们缺搭葡萄架的杆儿，没有它们产量会减少一半。

They thanked Tom，without whose support they would not have succeeded.这些邻居是北京来的，昨天我被介绍同他们认识了。

(9)“名词/代词+of+which / whom”引导的非限制性定语从句

It now has 20，000 hectares of land，more than two-thirds of which are under cultivation.现在它拥有两万公顷土地，其中三分之二之多已经耕种。

Light is the fast thing in the world, the speed of which is 300.000 kilometeThere are 30 chairs in the small hall, most of which are new.大厅里有三十把椅子，绝大部分是新的。

he textile mill has over 8，000 workers and staff，eighty per cent of whom are women.这家纺织厂有8千多职工，女职工占百分之八十。

通过对该从句的讲解，大家可以看出，它的种类真的是非常多，不同的词语引导的从句用法都是不同的，大家要学会区分不同用法所表示的含义。虽然该从句在选择题中考察的非常多，但是大家在阅读题中也会看见这样的从句，所以说，大家学习语法知识并不只是为了语法的题目，它对于大家整个英语水平的提升都是非常有帮助的。除此之外大家还要注意一些非限制性定语从句引导词的特殊情况：

1.非限制性定语从句不可用that引导，在非限制性定语从句中用who(作主语)/ whom(作宾语)指人，用which(作主语 / 宾语)指物，用whose作定语(指人 / 物)。例如：

The famous basketball star, who tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.这位试图打反击的著名篮球明星吸引了众人的关注。

The film, whose director is an old man, is very instructive.这部电影很有教育意义，它的导演是位老人。

2.关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可省略，若指人时，只用whom，不用who。例如：

York, which I visited last year, is a nice old city.我去年访问过的约克是个古老而美丽的城市。

Please give the book to Jessica, whom we met in the hall just now.请把这本书交给杰西卡，就是刚才我们在大厅里遇到的那位。

3.非限制性定语从句不可用why引导，需用for which替代why。例如：

None of us accepted the reason he explained, for which he was absent.我们没有一个人接受他所解释的缺席的理由。

以上的内容就是小编给大家总结的非限制性定语从句的讲解，希望能够在大家学习语法的过程中对大家有所帮助。任何一个小的语法在英语考试中都是非常重要的，常见的语法考察的内容就是单选，完形和改错这几个题目，所以对于语法考察的内容所占的比例也是不小的，所以大家一定要重视。

非限制性定语从句的八类考点

■湖南 陈根花

考点一 考查非限制性定语从句的基本用法

非限制性定语从句的基本用法指的是定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，通常置于主句之后，但有时也置于主句中间或主句之前（仅限于as引导的定语从句）。如：

His best movie, which won several awards, was about the life of Gandhi.他的最佳影片，就是荣获几项奖的那部，是关于甘地生平的。

The train, which takes only two hours to get there, is quicker than the bus, which takes three.坐火车去那儿要比坐汽车快，坐火车只要2小时，而坐汽车要3小时。

Anyway, that evening, which I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place.不管怎样，那个晚上我最后待在了雷切尔那里，我以后会告诉你更多那晚的情况。

The house, which was completed in 1856, was famous for its huge marble staircase.这座房子建于1856年，以巨大的大理石楼梯闻名。

People threw coins onto the stage, as was the custom.人们向舞台上扔钱币，这是他们的习俗。

【真题再现】（答案为CA）

1.It is the third time that she has won the race, ______ has surprised us all.(2012陕西卷)

A.that

B.where

C.which

D.what

2.By 16:30, ______ was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.(2012江西卷)

A.which

B.when

C.what

D.that

考点二 考查分离型非限制性定语从句

所谓分离型非限制性定语从句，指的是引导非限制性定语从句的关系词与它所引导的定语从句被其他一些词语（如插入语等）隔开，从而造成关系词与定语从句的分离。如：

Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, which, of course, made the others envy him.海伦对她的小儿子要比对其他的儿子好，这使得其他的儿子很嫉妒他。

The higher the interest rate, the greater the financial risk, which, of course, cuts both ways.利率越高，金融风险就越大，这当然是个有利有弊的事。

There are those, you know, who, by circumstance, end up homeless.您知道，会有那么一些人，因为命运捉弄而落得无家可归。

【真题再现】（答案为BB）

1.Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, ______, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.(2012浙江卷)

A.which

B.who

C.where

D.whom

2.Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, ______, of course, made all the others upset.(2011北京卷)

A.who

考点三 考查具有同位关系的非限制性定语从句

所谓“同位型”，主要指“用作同位语的不定代词+of which”这类结构。其中用作同位语的不定代词主要包括all, any, each, both, either, neither, none等。如：

They produced two reports, neither of which contained any useful suggestions.他们作了两个报告，都没有什么有用的建议。

The machines, each of which is perhaps five feet in diameter, are not the largest devices in the room.这些机器每台直径大约5英尺，它们并不是这间屋里最大的设备。

He has a shelf full of things, each of which has associations for him.他的一个搁架上摆满了东西，每一样都能勾起他许多回忆。

He devotes most of hid words to two topics: money and health, each of which he seemed to lack in equal measure.他用大部分篇幅论述两个论题，即金钱和健康，而这两样他都同样缺乏。

B.which

C.what

D.that

【真题再现】（答案为CA）

1.Maria has written two novels, both of ______ have been made into television.(2012山东卷)

A.them

B.that

C.which

D.what

2.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ______ uses it somewhat differently.(2011浙江卷)

A.which

B.what

C.them

D.those

类型四 考查含有整体与部分关系的非限制性定语从句

所谓“部分型”，主要指“先行词这个整体中的一部分+of which / whom”这类结构（其中的of表示整体与部分的关系）。这类结构中的“部分”可以是基数词one, two, three, four等，可以是序数词the first, the second, the third等（包括the last），可以是分数词a third, two thirds等，可以是表示数量意义的不定代词some, many, half, most, several, a few 等，可以是比较级或最高级（如the bigger, the biggest等），等等。如：

There are two(bottles)left, one of which is almost finished and the other of which is not quite.只剩两瓶，一瓶快喝完了，另一瓶没完全喝完。

I bought a dozen eggs, six of which broke when I dropped the box.我买了一打鸡蛋，六个在我失手掉了盒子时摔碎了。

There were a lot of computers at the exhibition, any(one)of which would have suited me perfectly.展览会上有很多电脑，无论哪一种都会非常适合我用。

I was given three books on cooking, the first of which I really enjoyed.有人给我三本关于烹饪的书，其中的第一本我特别喜欢。

注意，“表示整体中一部分的词语+of which / whom”有时也可说成“of which / whom +表示整体中一部分的词语”。如：

There were 500 passengers, 121 of whom drowned.=There were 500 passengers, of whom 121 drowned.共有500位乘客，其中有121人被淹死了。

【真题再现】（答案为CA）

1.In our class there are 46 students, ______ half wear glasses.(2012四川卷)

A.in whom

B.in them

C.of whom

D.of them

2.The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of ______ left their village homes for a better life in the city.(2010浙江卷)

A.whom

B.which

C.them

D.those

类型五 考查含所有关系的非限制性定语从句

所谓“所有型”，主要指在“名词+of which / whom”这类结构中，介词of表示所有关系，如 the price of the vase，假若在出题语境中the vase用作了先行词，那么该结构就会变为the price of which。如：

In 1980 he caught a serious illness the effects of which he still suffers from.1980年他患了到现在对他仍有影响的重病。

The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which were saved for other purposes.该工厂使用了65%的原材料，其余的原材料被节省下来用作其他用途。

【真题再现】（答案为CD）

1.She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ______ had taken more than three years.(2011江西卷)

A.for which

B.with which

C.of which

D.to which

2.The newly built café, the walls of ______ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work.(2010江苏卷)

A.that

B.it

C.what

D.which

类型六 考查“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句

在“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句中，要特别注意正确选用其中的介词——这个介词既可能与先行词的搭配习惯有关，也可能与定语从句中的某个名词、动词或形容词等的搭配习惯有关。如：

The Tower of London, in which so many people lost their lives, is now a tourist attraction.在伦敦塔中曾有许多人丧命，它现在是旅游胜地。（注意搭配in the Tower of London）

Eric received training in computer for one year, after which he found a job in a big company.埃里克接受了为期一年的计算机培训，这之后他在一家大公司里找到一份工作。（注意搭配after he received training in computer for one year）

The Acme Travel Agency, with which our company has been dealing for several years, has opened four new branches.我们公司与之打了好几年交道的艾科米旅行社开设了四个新的分社。（注意搭配deal with the Acme Travel Agency）

【真题再现】（答案为BD）

1.100℃ is the temperature ______ which water will boil.(2012全国卷II)

A.for B.at C.on D.of

2.Care of the soul is a gradual process, ______ even the small details of life should be considered.(2012湖南卷)

A.what B.in what C.which D.in which

类型七 考查关系代词作定语的非限制性定语从句

能用于名词前作定语的关系代词通常只有两个——whose和which。它们的区别是：which用作定语时，其意义相当于指示代词this或that；whose用作定语时，其意义相当于物主代词（one’s）或所有格结构（the…of…）。如：

The postman comes at 6.30 in

the morning, at which time I am usually fast asleep.邮递员早晨6点30分来，这个时候我通常还睡着大觉呢。（at which time在此相当于and at that time）

He won’t want to eat it unless he’s really hungry, in which case he’ll eat almost anything.除非很饿，否则他不会吃东西，一旦饿了，他几乎什么都吃。（in which case在此相当于and in that case）

Have you seen the film “Titanic”, whose leading actor is world famous? 你看过那部由世界著名演员主演的电影——泰坦尼克吗？（whose在此相当于and its）

I went to see my friends the Forrests, whose children I used to look after when they were small.我去看我的朋友福里斯特一家，在他家的孩子很小的时候我曾经照料过他们。（whose在此相当于and their）

【真题再现】（答案为B）

I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ______ help I would never have got this far.(2012天津卷)

A.who

类型八 考查非限制性定语从句与特殊句式的结合非限制性定语从句有时会与某些特殊句式或短语综合在一起构成一类比较复杂结构。如：

The shops were closed, which was why I didn’t get any milk.商店都关门了，所以我没买到牛奶。（非限制性定语从句与that’s why…句式综合）

B.whose

C.whom

D.which

Each has faced similar hardships, which is why they are friends.每个人都曾碰到相似的困难，这就是他们成为朋友的原因。（非限制性定语从句与that’s why…句式综合）

We’ve been invited to Rachel and Jamie’s wedding—speaking of which, did you know that they’re moving to Ealing? 我们应邀参加了雷切尔和杰米的婚礼——说到这事，你知道他们要搬到伊令去吗？（非限制性定语从句与短语 speak of综合）

【真题再现】（答案为D）

I’m afraid he is more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything.(2011山东卷)

A.that

B.when

C.where

D.why

定语从句讲解之表格法 第3篇

一、定语从句的概念、结构

定语从句,即从句作定语。从定语从句的概念中不难勾画出定语从句的结构图:

从以上结构图中我们可以看出,定语从句最主要由三方面组成,即先行词、引导词及句子。下面谈谈这三个要素:

二、定语从句的三要素

首先什么是先行词呢? 所谓的先行词就是定语从句修饰的名词、代词及句子(其中以名词为主),这就相当于语文中的中心词是一定不能省略的, 也就为我们提供了判断定语从句的标准,即名词后的从句不是定语就是同位语从句(至于两者之间的联系,本篇文章不再详细讨论。 )。

引导词:引导从句的从属连词,在定语中分为关系代词和关系副词,具体的词在下文会用表格呈现。

从句:引导词后的句子。

从表格中可以很清楚地看清以下几个问题:

1.定语从句引导词中没有what。

2.介词后面先行词为人则选whom,选行词为物则选which。

3.从句如果缺定语就只能选择whose。

4.要选择关系副词 ,必须同时满足两个条件 ,即先行词为它们所对应指代的地点、时间和reason,且引导词必须在从句中充当状语。

三、定语从句的做题步骤

从上述表格中我们更可以总结出定语从句的做题步骤,即:

第一要找出先行词,及其指代意思,如:人、物、时间、地点、reason等。

以福建省2009年的高考题为例:

It’s helpful to put children in a situation_______they can seethemselves differently.

A. that B. when C. which D. where

此题中的先行词很明显是situation, 它指的是抽象地点,所以可以先排除B选项。

第二要看引导词在从句中充当什么成分,简单说,就是找从句谓语动词,如果从句缺的是主语,宾语、表语,则选择关系代词,若从句主谓结构完整的话,则选择关系副词。比如:上述题目中从句的谓语动词为see, 而它前有主语they后有themselves作宾语 ,所以我们可以判断引导词在从句中就只能作状语,选关系副词where。

四、定语从句难题的设置,及解决方法。

正如上文提到的,做定语从句分两步走,先找先行词,再看引导词在从句中充当的成分。但由于定语从句结构中存在的两个缺口,为出题人提供再好不过的设置难题的机会了。以福建省2011年的高考题为例:

She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students%%allows them to communicate freely with each other.

A. which B. where C. what D. who

在解答这道题目时,很多学生会陷入出题陷阱,理所当然地认为先行词是students,而从句很明显是缺主语,所以很多学生会误选D选项。这其实是出题者在第一个缺口,即先行词和引导词之间,设得一个陷阱,即先行词an atomsphere在此题中作create的宾语,而在宾语后还附带状语:for her students。类似的还有:先行词作主语,谓语比较短直接放在先行词后面,如:2011年的天津高考题:

The days are gone%%physical strength was all you need tomake a living .

A. when B. that C. where D. which(%A%)

或者现行词后有宾补或定语,如:

You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station_______you can hireto reach your host family.

A. which B. where C. when D. as(%A%)

碰到这类题目的做题策略是:先把从句解释清楚,弄清真正的先行词再做题。

同样的,出题人也可以在第二个缺口出陷阱,如:

—Is that the small town you often refer to?

—Right, just the one_______you know I used to work for years.

A. that B. which C. where D. what(%C%)

这种类型题就是在第二个缺口设置一些插入语, 像本题就是插入:you know, 其实目的就是为了干扰学生解题时的第二步骤,即确定先行词在从句中充当的成分。做这类题目时,学生应先把插入语去掉再做题。

当然,也有出题者两个陷阱一起挖,如2010年泉州市质检:

—Alice told me you called yesterday?

—Yes,I had a problem with Jane,_______I thought you couldhelp me with, but you were not in.

A. who B. whom C. that D. which(%C%)

总之,在给学生讲解定语从句时,我认为不仅要教会他们每个引导词的用法,更重要的是要教会他们正确的解题思路;先找先行词再确定先行词在从句中充当的成分。相信如果我们老师能够坚持不懈地这么进行的话, 定语从句对学生将不再是难题。

摘要：定语从句是英语语法教学的重点和难点。定语从句分析透彻,不仅有助于定语从句的掌握与应用,定语从句及名词性从句的区分,非谓语题目的分析,还有助于长难句的分析、掌握。

定语从句讲解的步骤与方法 第4篇

关键词：高中英语 定语从句 步骤 方法

【分类号】G633.41

我们对任何一个语法知识点的掌握，首先应该理解该语法点的基本概念。定语从句，顾名思义，就是充当定语的一个从句。由此而衍生了其他的基本知识点——既然是充当定语，说明它的位置通常是放在名词后；既然是从句，那么必须隶属于一个主句，并且符合句子的基本构成以及从句的基本要素。

定语从句分为限制性和非限制性两种，引导词主要分为关系代词（that， which， who， whom， whose， as）和关系副词（why， when， where）。

Which只能指物，在从句中既可做主语，宾语，也可以做表语。既可引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句，可以直接将可拆分介词放在which前。That既可指人也可指物，既可做主语，宾语，也可以做表语，不能引导非限制性定语从句，不能直接将介词放在that前。限制性定语从句中，有些特殊情况，必须用that：1、先行词为不定代词时，其后的定语从句关系代词只能用that，指人时也可用who/whom。2、先行词为两者或两者以上，兼指人和物时，其后的定语从句关系代词只能用that，指人时也可用who/whom。3、先行词被定冠词+序数词/形容词的最高级所修饰时，其后的定语从句关系代词只能用that，指人时也可用who/whom。4、先行词被the+very/sole/unique/right所修饰时，其后的定语从句关系代词只能用that，指人时也可用who/whom。5、多个定语从句修饰同一个名词时，第二个及以上的定语从句关系代词只能用that。6、在疑问代词引导的特殊疑问句中所包含的定语从句关系代词只能用that。7、先行词为way， 其后的定语从句关系代词通常用that.。

方法点拨：非限制性定语从句中绝不可用that来引导，而在限制性定语从句中，不管先行词是人还是物，只要不是直接放在介词后，那么用that基本不会出错。

Who只能指人，在从句中通常充当主语、表语，有时也可充当宾语，不可直接放在介词后。Whom只能指人，在从句中通常充当宾语，可以直接放在介词后。Whose不可單独使用，其后必须还有一个名词，共同在从句中起一个名词的功能。Whose+ n. 相当于the+ n.+ of+ which/whom。As引导限制性定语从句时，先行词通常被such/the same 所修饰。引导非限制性定语从句时，既可放在主句前，也可放在主句的中间或后面。

方法点拨：名词被such所修饰，如果其后的从句已完整，那么通常用that，如果不完整，通常用as.

which与as引导非限制性定语从句时，两者引导非限制性定语从句时，可指代主句中的部分或整个句子的内容，在从句中做主语，宾语或表语，位于主句之后有时可互换。

两者的不同点：

1. as可以放在主句前后，也可插入主句之中；而which引导的非限制性从句只能位于主句之后。2.在非限制性从句中，which后的be动词不可省；as而后的be动词可以省略。3. which在非限制性定语从句做主语时可用各类动词做谓语；而as做主语时，谓语常用系动词，如be， seem， become等，一般不用其他行为动词。4. as常用“正如”含义，常用的结构有as we know（众所周知）；as often happens（正如常发生的那样）；as is often the case（情况常常如此）； as we all can see（正如我们看到的）； be announced/ expected/ known/ imagined/ mentioned /said /shown /reported等。这些结构常放句首，偶尔也可以放句中或句末。5. 在非限制性定语从句中which指代主句中某一个单词时，as不可以。6. “介词+关系代词（介宾代物）”中关系代词只能用which。.7. 从句中的谓语动词是否定形式时，常用which。 8.在非限制性定语从句关系代词代表前面主句中的宾语从句时，常用which

关系副词在定语从句中通常充当状语。先行词为reason时，其后的定语从句关系副词通常用why/for which；先行词为表时间的名词时，其后的定语从句关系副词通常用when；先行词为表地点的名词时，其后的定语从句关系副词通常用where.

定语从句单项练习题及答案 第5篇

1.Who is the man _______ was talking to our Englishteacher?---Oh! It’s Mr Baker, our maths teacher.

A. he B. that C. whom D. which

2. I hate the people ________ don’t help others when they are in trouble.

A. who B. which C. they D. where

3. The foreigner _________ visited our school is from Canada.

A. which B. when C. who D. whom

4. George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved climbing.

A. who B. whom C. he D. which

5. This is the place _____I have ever visited.

A. there B. when C. where D. which

6. Nobody knows the reason ______ she didn’t come to the meeting.

A. that B. which C. why D. when

7. The moon is a world ______ there is no life.

A. that B. which C. where D. why

8. He has forgotten the day _______ he arrived.

A. when B. where C. that D. which

9. remembers the days ______ he spent with your family.

A. when B. where C. that D. on which

10.Mr. White, ______ car had been stolen, came to the policeman.

A. who B. that C. whose D. which

11. He got to the village _______ his family once lived before liberation.

A. that B. which C. when D. where

12. This is the house _______ I want to buy.

A. In which B. that C. whose D. where

13. This is the house _______ our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked.

A. which B. that C. when D. where

14. He didn’t tell me the place _______ he was born.

A. that B. which C. when D. where

15. He lived in a small village, ______ was a long way from the railwaystation.

A. that B. which C. where D. when

16. I work in a business ________ almost everyone is waiting for a greatchance.

A. how B. which C. where D. that

17. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _______, of course, made the others envy him.

A. who B. that C. what D. which

18. American women usually identify their best friend as someone ________ they can talk frequently.

A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom.

19. The film brought the hours back to me ________ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.

A. until B. that C. when D. where

20. A story goes ________ Elizabeth I of England liked nothingmore than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.

A. when B. where C. what D. that________I played tennis with yesterday.

定语从句讲解 第6篇

一、定语从句的概念

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行

词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

如：

He is the boy

who often goes to school late.先行词

关系词

定语从句

二、定语从句的关系词

引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三、定语从句的分类

根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。

四、关系代词的用法

1.that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：

Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语）

The coat（that）I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语）

2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：

The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语）

The film（which）we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语）

3.who，whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。例如：

The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语）

Who is the teacher（whom）Li Ming is talking to？正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？（作宾语）

注意：（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：

This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。

Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。

（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：

This is the person whom you are looking for.这就是你要找的那个人。

（3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：

The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。

（4）关系词只能用that的情况：

a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。

b.被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？

c.先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last，little，few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。

d.先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。

e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：

Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？

f.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：

There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.桌子上那本书是汤姆的。

（5）关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：

a.先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that.例如：

What’s that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？

b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：

This is the room in which he lives.这是他居住的房间。

c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that.例如：

Tom came back，which made us happy.汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。

五、关系副词的用法

（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如：

This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。

（2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如：

This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。

（3）why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如：