凤凰古城英文导游辞

凤凰古城英文导游辞（精选6篇）

凤凰古城英文导游辞 第1篇

Good morning!Ladies and Gentlemen:

Today, we will go and visit Shaoshan, the hometown of Chairman Mao.Shaoshan is a small mountain village about 100km southwest of Changsha, the capital of Hunan province, with some fairly beautiful scenery and a once typically Hunan village atmosphere, Shaoshan has been irreparably changed by history.On the 26th December 1893, a baby was born in a little house in this village, to a relatively wealthy peasant couple.The child was to grow up to become China“s Great Helmsman, Chairman Mao Zedong, and it was in this region that he spent his childhood and youth, attending school and helping his father with his work.As the hometown of the great man of the generation, now Shaoshan is one of the important tourist zones in Hunan province.The major tourist sites including the Former residence of Chairman Mao, Memorial Hall of Mao Zedong, Water-dripping Cave and Steles Forest of Mao”s poems，and so on.The former residence of Chairman Mao is the most interesting site.Entered through a courtyard, the house is of a sunny yellow, mud brick walls, with a nicely thatched roof, and is found on a wooded hillside, above some lush paddy fields.There are 13 and one half rooms in the Former residence, which include one and half central room, a kitchen, a dining room, three family bedrooms and a guest room.Within the rooms are various personal effects of Mao and his parents, as well as photos from Mao“s life.This is the central room, it was used by two families: Mao’s family and their neighbor.So we said that there is only one half of the central room belongs to Mao’s family.And this is there kitchen, where Chairman Mao often helped his mother doing some housework in his childhood.Go through the kitchen was Chairman Mao’s parent”s bedroom, there are two photos of Chairman Mao’s parents on the inner wall, and it was in this room where Chairman Mao was born.The Dripping Water Cave, about 3 km northwest of the village, is a very popular destination, possibly because of the fact that Mao allegedly spent 11 days here in the early days of the Cultural Revolution Years(1966-76), contemplating the unknown.

凤凰古城英文导游辞 第2篇

Tian’anmen(the Gate of Heavenly peace), is located in the center of Beijing.It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen(the Gate of Heavenly Succession).At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war.When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers.The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate.The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep.According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign.During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place.The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps:

1)The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian(Hall of Supreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court.The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan(tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen(Gate of supreme Harmony)

2)The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting(dragon pavilion).Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen(Meridian Gate), to Tian’anmen Gate tower.3)A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict.The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed.4)The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord.The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites.5)The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country.Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden phoenix”.During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most important passage.It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.

On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands Zhongshanpark(Dr.Sun Yat-sen’s park), and on the east side, the Working people’s Cultural palave.The park was formerly called Shejitan(Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land.It was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.The Working people’s Cultural palace used to be Taimiao(the Supreme Ancestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe(Outer Golden River),with seven marble bridges spanning over it.Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao(Imperial Bridge).The bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao(Royal’s Bridges).Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named pinjiqiao(ministerial Bridges).The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao(common Bridges).They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries.They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway.In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao.They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon.Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns.The story of Huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources.One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar.Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament.The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendary animal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour.He was doing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside the palace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for their complaints or return in due time.Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were given the names” Wangjunhui”(Expecting the emperor’s coming back)and “ wangjunchu”(Expecting the emperor’s going out)respectinvely.In the old days, Tian’anmen, as a part of the Imperial City, was meant for important occasions.The two rows of chaofang(antechamber), on the sides behind the main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the government waiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperial administration.On October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrum the founding of the people’s Republic of China.Since then Tian’anmen has been the symbol of New Chinea.Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the peoples of the World”.Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world.The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history.It offers a panoramic view of the Square and the city proper.Tian’anmen Square

Situated due south of Tian’anmen, the Square has an area of 44 hectares(109 acres)that can accommodate as many as one million people for public gatherings.It has witnessed may historical events in China’s modern history and is a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day on May 1st and national Day on October 1st.Around the Square are several famous buildings:

The Great Hall of the people

This is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world.Built in 1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center, a banquet hall in the north wing facing Chang’an Street, with a seating capacity of 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National peoples’ Congress of China in the south.In addition, thirty-four reception chambers are named after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly unde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao.Each is different from the other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features.2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution

These two museums were also built in 1959.the museum of Chinese History houses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process of Chinese history spanning from 1.7 million years ago to 1919:

1)The primitive Society(1.7 million years ago to the 21st century BC);

2)The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC.);

3)The Feudal Society(475 BC.To 1840 AD.);

4)The Semi-Colonial and Semi-Fedual Society(1840 to 1919.)

The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to 1949.The Monument to the people’s Heroes

the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for the revolutionary cause of the Chinese people.Its construction began on August 1, 1952 and was not completed until 1958.in the form of an obelisk, the Monument as made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble.The purple piece inlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong province.It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in)high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in the country.Not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it is an artistic work of excellent architectural value.On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinese characters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to the people’s Heroes!”.On the back of the Monument is an article written by Chairman Mao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late premier Zhou Enlai.At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of such flowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, and fortitude.At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting the Chinese historic events since 1840.They are:

1)The Burning of Opium in 1840:

2)The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi;

3)The Revolution of 1911;

4)The May Fourth Movement of 1919;

5)The May 30th Movement of 1925;

6)The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi;

7)The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945;

8)The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the peoples’s Liberation Army in 1949.This relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ Supplying the Front” and “ Greeting the p.L.A.”.Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum

英语导游辞语体特征探析 第3篇

一导游语言和语体

导游语言是旅游活动的交际工具。狭义意义上, 人们通常把导游语言解释为导游辞, 是导游人员引导旅游者游览参观时运用的讲解语言, ①是导游员同游客交流思想、向游客传播文化知识的工具, 也是吸引和招揽游客的重要手段。导游辞创作的宗旨是通过对旅游景观绘声绘色的讲解、指点、评说, 帮助旅游者欣赏景观, 以达到游览的最佳效果。从功能上看, 游客可以通过导游辞了解旅游目的地及景区的历史典故、地理风貌、风土人情、传说故事、民族习俗、古迹名胜、风景特色等内容, 使自己在旅游活动中增长知识。此外, 导游辞语言的应用要言之有理、有物、有神……通过语言艺术和技巧, 给游客勾勒出一幅幅立体的画面, 构成生动的视觉形象, 把旅游者引入一种特定的意境。所以, 导游辞除了引导游客鉴赏、传播文化知识外, 还有陶冶游客情操的作用。因此, 导游辞在语言特征上应该具备口语化、知识性、逻辑性、美感性和现场感等一系列特点。②

在现代修辞学中, 有一个重要分支是语体学。“语体是在特定的交际领域, 通过有目的地选择语言材料而历史地形成的、全社会接受的言语功能变体。”③人们在运用语言进行交流交际时, 在表达方式上必然遵循某一表达规律。不同环境、不同对象、不同目的的差别决定了不同的表达方式。各种语体的不同特点和不同语体色彩, 都是通过语音、词汇、语法、修辞方式、篇章结构等语言因素以及一些伴随语言的非语言因素具体表现出来的。语体分为口头语体和书面语体, 其中口头语体包括谈话语体和演讲语体, 书面语体又分为法律语体、事务语体、科技语体、政论语体、文艺语体、新闻语体、网络语体等。作为导游语言的导游辞兼具口头语体和书面语体的特性, 表现出二重性的特征。

二书面英语导游辞和口语导游辞

导游辞包含书面导游辞和口语导游辞。书面导游辞一般是根据实际的游览景观、遵循一定的游览线路、模拟游览活动而创作的。④书面导游辞遵循书面语遣词用句的规范, 具有表达周密严谨、准确精练等特点。口语导游辞是以书面导游辞为基础, 在实际讲解中根据游客的实际情况, 对书面导游辞稍加调整与修饰后用于口头讲解的导游辞, 具有通俗易懂、朴实平易、亲切自然等特点。书面导游辞的创作初衷大多是为现场导游讲解用的, 因此往往从口语表达的角度出发, 而口语导游辞也是以一定的书面语言为基础。因此, 导游语言既有口语语体的特点, 又有书面语语体的特点, 导游语言和语体表现出二重性的特征。导游辞, 只有兼备口语和书面语两种风格, 才能满足导游的语用需要。⑤

书面导游辞在创作时与讲解对象无直接交际, 有充分的时间进行斟字凿句, 选择词语、调整句式、安排结构、运用修辞等, 使得导游辞在行文上协调顺畅、生动贴切。口语导游辞适宜现场讲解, 往往节奏和谐, 少用术语、文言词语、方言等生僻艰涩的词语, 多使用易于被大众接受又便于上口的常用词汇、口语词汇以及歇后语、成语、谚语等, 在句式上也避免使用长句、文言句式。在大多数情况下, 旅游者在听讲解的过程中没有参考文字资料, 所以只有讲解的语言浅显易懂, 才便于旅游者理解和接受。例如下面两段对桂林象鼻山的导游辞:

(1) Elephant Trunk Hill stands in the city of Guilin at the confluence of the Peach Blossom River and the Lijiang.When viewed from the southern bank of the Peach Blossom River, the hill looks like a giant elephant extending its trunk into the river.The trunk, eye, body and tail of the elephant are all perfectly outlined.Elephant Trunk Hill has been regarded as a symbol of Guilin.Many Guilin products use Elephant Trunk Hill as their trade mark.

(2) Please look at the whole hill, this is the elephant hill, our city symbol, the representative of Guilin’s mountain and water scenery, and the pride of Guilinese.It’s our“statue of liberty”, it is our“triumphal arch”.….Now please look at the whole hill, you will find a huge elephant standing at the confluence of Lijiang River and Peach Blossom River.It is drinking.Between the trunk and the body there is a huge arch…on half way up the hill, there is a hole, just like an elephant eye.⑥

第一段导游辞是书面导游辞, 第二段是导游员在具体讲解中的口语导游辞, 可以看出两者在词句使用上的差别。第一段书面导游辞用词更为准确形象, 如perfectly, outlined;句法上长句、复合句、简单句并用, 主动态、被动态共存, 句式多样, 可读性强。此外还用到了一些修辞手法, 例如比喻句the hill looks like a giant elephant, 拟人stands, extending its trunk into the river。从遣词造句和行文规范上, 可以看出作者对讲解景物做了较为客观和正式的描写和评价。第二段口语导游辞为即时讲解, 用词造句体现的是口语化的特征, 并突出现场感, 如please look at, it is..., there is...等指引性和描述性的表达, 句式以简单句、并列句为主, 将象鼻山比作“自由女神像”和“凯旋门”, 体现了导游员个人对讲解景物的热爱, 也明显表现出主观性和灵活性的特点。同时, 这样的对比也体现了导游辞的跨文化交际的特点, 从游客的知识背景和文化背景出发, 选择最易于他们接受和认可的角度。虽然两段导游辞在句法和用词以及语气上存在差别, 但可以看出第二段的口语导游辞是基于第一段的书面导游辞为蓝本和基础的。两者都传达了象鼻山的位置、外观形象、重要地位等信息。

在功能上, 导游辞一方面可供旅游者阅读, 另一方面可供导游人员讲解时使用。为使意义传达更有效, 口语导游辞在讲解过程中除了使用口语化、现场感的表达之外, 还有些书面导游辞无法呈现的语言特征: (1) 导游员需要使用“副语言”来完成讲解, 如根据讲解内容和讲解对象、讲解环境来调整音量、音调、语速、语气, 使导游人员讲解得绘声绘色, 对游客产生较强的感染力。 (2) 导游人员还需要调动态势语来辅助讲解。导游人员对面部表情、身体语言、服饰化妆等装饰语恰到好处的运用可以使导游人员讲解得更具体形象。 (3) 在导游员讲解中, 导游员恰当使用“方位语言”也很重要, 导游员的位置、与游客的距离等都传递着信息。这些都是在书面导游辞中不能体现但在口语导游辞讲解中需要运用的语言因素。

三英语导游辞语体的词汇特征

英语导游辞通常语言简单且信息丰富, 表达生动且忠实贴切。在词汇特征上通常表现为使用较多的简单词、形容词、形容词最高级、褒义词, 以及采用数字修饰等。

因为游客来自不同的文化背景和语言环境, 导游辞在创作和讲解过程中应尽量使用简单词汇, 即日常常用和容易理解的单词, 以最大限度地满足游客群体的需要。当涉及某些术语时, 适当的解释或换用简单词汇也有助于游客清楚无误地接收信息和感受导游辞承载的景物之美。如讲到云南石林景区时, 不得不提到Karst Landform (喀斯特地貌) , 为减少游客对Karst一词的迷惑, 通常会说到它的来历以及limestone (石灰石) 等相关词汇, 以使游客尽快明白讲解的内容。

导游辞的另一个特征就是大量使用形容词, 用精练生动的语言形象地呈现景物特征, 使口语导游辞的讲解对象在审美上得到升华, 使书面导游辞的阅读者身临其境。例如, 下面一句描写夏威夷的导游辞:Natural beauty, soothing clear waters, gentle warm winds, fragrant flowers and sparkling waterfalls define the landscape in Hawaii and draw you into a realm of peace and relaxation.⑦共用了7个形容词来描写夏威夷的自然之美。再如, 这一句描写云南的导游辞:Yunnan is a piece of enchanting and mysterious land with comfortable climate, charming landscapes, abundant resources, rich products, and colorful ethnic cultures.⑧此句中也包含大量的形容词, 并呈现出云南特有的神秘富饶和多彩多姿的形象, 其他常用的形容词还包含exotic, great, fresh, delicious, historic, old, unique, breathtaking, picturesque, famous, spectacular, popular, beautiful, excellent, exciting, scenic and magnificent等等。以上形容词都属于褒义词。导游辞中使用褒义词可以比较积极和正面地呈现景物的特征, 以满足游客旅行时的审美需求, 增强旅游目的地的吸引力, 以便吸引更多的旅游者前来参观游览。

导游辞中使用形容词最高级和数字修饰, 目的也在于最大化地呈现景物的特别之处, 使游客加深印象, 并起到强化景物形象的作用。例如介绍故宫时, 会突出其最大、保存最完好的宫殿特征。其他如the oldest, the highest, the biggest等表达也会在景物介绍中运用以突出其与众不同之处, 传达其观赏价值。数字修饰的采用也是为了使信息传达更加有效, 如Four Uniqueness of Huangshan (黄山四绝, 指的是奇松、怪石、云海和温泉) , 用four uniqueness概括了黄山的特色, 简洁精辟。

四英语导游辞语体的结构

一篇导游辞通常包含称谓语、开场白、正文、结束语四个基本部分, 这也是构成导游语言和语体的基本结构。

称谓语一般表示社交双方的关系, 表达一方对另一方的敬意。在运用时要符合得体原则、尊重原则、通用原则。⑨在这三个原则下, 称谓语大致可归为三个类型:交际关系型, 体现导游人员与游客的角色关系, 如dear group members, dear guests, 此类称谓角色定位准确, 宾主关系明确, 在导游辞称谓中使用较多;套用尊称型, 适用于各种场合, 对不同身份的游客都适用, 如ladies and gentlemen;亲密关系型, 体现导游与游客之间的亲近关系, 表现热情友好, 拉近双方的距离, 如dear friends。

开场白, 用在称谓语之后, 起表达问候、明确游览目的等作用。开场白形式多样, 或简略或抒情, 或引经据典或幽默风趣, 最终目的在于引起游客对游览对象的兴趣。

正文是导游辞的主体部分, 导游员要对讲解内容做主题分类, 如自然景观 (包括地质地貌景观、水体景观、生物景观、气象景观) 、人文景观 (包括历史类、民俗类、宗教类、园林类、文化娱乐类等) , 在讲解中要侧重突出景物的价值, 并引导游客进行审美体验, 要保证知识性和审美性兼具。例如, 如果是一篇介绍文物古迹的导游辞, 就要注意强调其历史内容, 突出其历史价值, 采用说明、论证等手法, 语言上既要有较强的知识性, 又要通俗易懂, 使游客易于理解。此外, 导游辞创作一定要讲究技巧, 特别是语言运用的技巧。一般要求根据导游辞语体特点, 充分考虑导游交际语境的特点, 依据具体讲解内容与主题, 巧妙地使用叙说法、缩距法、点化法等一系列技巧, 使导游的讲解收到最佳效果。⑩同时, 在英语导游辞中, 要充分考虑到游客的文化背景和知识背景, 采用他们易于接受的讲解角度和审美角度, 不能忽略导游讲解中跨文化交际的意义。

结束语是总结游览内容, 感谢游客合作, 征求游客意见和建议, 表达惜别之情, 表达祝愿的话语。虽然在实际操作中视情况表达重点、表现风格会有所不同, 但真挚的感情传达是结束语在导游辞构成中不可缺少的因素。

五结论

导游语言兼具书面语体和口语语体的特征。英语口语导游辞是基于书面导游辞加工而成的, 但两者在句法、词汇、修辞、篇章结构上存在一些差异。导游辞在语体结构上包含称谓语、开场白、正文、结束语等, 在导游辞写作和讲解过程中要根据讲解对象和讲解内容灵活调整语言和讲解技巧, 以使导游辞的信息传达和审美过程更有效果。

注释

115910韩荔华主编.导游语言概论 (第二版) [M].北京:旅游教育出版社, 2005:3、196、205、215

22 丁大刚主编.旅游英语的语言特点与翻译[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社, 2008:114

33 王德春.语言学概论[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社, 1997:241

44 云南省旅游发展委员会.导游业务[M].昆明:云南大学出版社, 2014:173

567 陈凌燕.导游英语语言特征及文体研究[D].广西师范大学, 2005:10、34

凤凰古城英文导游辞 第4篇

【关键词】广东省英语导游口试 课程教学研究 互惠互利

广东是岭南文化的发祥地，也是中国改革开放的首战告捷之地，拥有丰富的自然和历史文化资源，旅游业迅速发展，推动了全省经济的发展。为满足旅游人力资源在数量、质量和结构上的全面需要，省内各高职院校旅游英语专业，为蓬勃发展的旅游业，特别是入境旅游培养了高素质的涉外导游人才。为保障导游服务的高质量，导游人员需获得行业主管部门颁发的导游职业资格证书，高职院校也开设了面向广东省英语导游口试的《英文现场导游》课程，有利于培养学生综合导游岗位技能，提高考证通过率，帮助学生获得从业资格证书。

一、广东省英语导游口试的内容和要求

广东省英语导游口试一般安排在笔试之后，总分为200分，120分以上（及格）即可通过考试。每位考生的考试时间为30分钟，包含以下内容：

1.语言（60分）：主要考察语言能力，即语音语调、语法、表达能力和听力。

2.旅游景点讲解（50分）：主要考察对旅游景点的熟悉程度和运用英语讲解景点的能力。首先回答关于广东概况的一个问题，再从四个规定景点中抽取一个进行讲解，即越秀公园、西汉南越王博物馆、新会圭峰山风景区和肇庆庆云寺。

3.翻译（20分）：翻译分为中英互译两部分，节选自景点导游词，主要考察导游讲解过程的现场翻译能力和听力水平。考官分别用中英文读出句子，考生立即口译。

4.导游规范（15分）：主要考察在接待过程中向游客提供规范化、程序化服务的水准，包括语言、举止、接待程序和标准，回答有关规范化服务的问题。

5.应变能力（15分）：主要测试在接待过程中处理应急事件和处理游客疑难问题的能力。

6.短文复述（20分）：考生随机抽取英语短文口头复述，考察英语的理解运用能力。

7.个性展示和仪态气质（20分）：展示个人语言才艺，考察仪表仪容和礼貌礼节。

二、《英文现场导游》课程的教学探究

面向英语现场导游开设的模拟导游课将围绕考试的7个方面开展，其主要的教学探究有以下三个方面：

1.师资队伍建设。打破传统的纯理论型师资模式，建构一支“双师型”教师队伍。任课教师大多是英语专业，导游知识和技能不充实，缺乏实践经验，照学照搬、“纸上谈兵”，需要获取英语导游资格证书。学校应鼓励教师去旅行社和景区挂职锻炼增加实践经验，或参加旅游培训机构的培训进修以提高职业水平和能力，使教学更有针对性和实用性，真正实现“双师型教师”的目标。此外，在教学环节中也可邀请一线的旅行社英语导游、英文现场导游考试评委、导游管理服务公司相关人员、酒店和旅行社管理人员参与教学指导工作，开展教学讲座。这样才能建设一支优化、结构合理、实践经验丰富的教学师资队伍。

2.情境教学模式。英语现场导游实际上考察的是考生的导游知识与技能、英语知识能力和个人综合素质的综合运用，因此实践教学环节必不可少。教师往往把教学重点放在语言方面，逐字逐句地重点讲解课文或导游词的词汇、语法和翻译，显得枯燥乏味，忽略了学生实践锻炼的环节。脱离真实情境下的教学可能导致学生死记硬背导游词，在考试中忘词、张冠李戴或者放弃。教师在教学过程中应突出“能力本位”的教学方式，重视“情境教学”的应用。针对导游服务的特点和实际工作程序，模拟英语导游的真实工作场景。如模拟某一景区导游讲解，让学生以小组的形式角色扮演，用准确的语言表达和导游规范服务完成任务，这样激发了学生的学习兴趣和动力，培养学生的职业能力。

3.校内外实践基地的充分利用。实践教学的开展离不开实践基地的合理充分利用。校内实践基地有校企合作共建的酒店和旅行社服务点、设备先进的旅游英语实训室、多媒体课室和语音实验室。由于实地景区教学的局限，旅英实训室满足了景点讲解的实践需要。实训室的硬件平台和软件系统可虚拟仿真三维旅游景点，实现景点的浏览、行走和飞行功能，利用虚拟现实的技术建立立体投影系统，生成实景旅游路线，真实再现景区的自然资源、地质地貌等特征，学生身临其境，仿佛亲身走访名胜古迹、游览名山大川之中。教师也可根据教学内容设置相应的现实场景、平面图片、DV短片和文字等作补充性辅导资料。学生不必死记硬背，完全在真实的情境中灵活运用所学知识进行训练，提高了学习热情和兴趣，满足了实践教学的需求。校外实践基地有校企合作的旅行社和酒店，可提供机会让学生短期参加实践锻炼，零距离接触工作场景，熟悉具体的工作流程，学习导游服务规程，处理游客的个别要求，学习预防和处理应急事件等，有利于导游综合能力的培养。

综上所述，完善《英文现场导游》课程的教学为旅游业培养高素质、高技能、复合型应用型人才，也提高了旅游英语专业的教学质量，有利于高职院校的旅游英语专业建设与发展。

参考文献：

[1]刘佳雪.面向英语导游人员资格考试的应用型高校“导游英语”课程教学研究[J].吉林省教育学院学报，2015（4）.

北京故宫英文导游辞 第5篇

北京故宫英语导游词 ladies and gentlemen: i am pleased to serve as your guide today.this is the palace museum;also know as the purple forbidden city.it is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in china today.under ming emperor yongle, construction began in 1406.it took 14years to build the forbidden city.the first ruler who actually lived here was ming emperor zhudi.for five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when qing emperor puyi was forced to abdicate the throne.in 1987, the united nations educational, scientific and cultural organization recognized the forbidden city was a world cultural legacy.it is believed that the palace museum, or zi jin cheng(purple forbidden city), got its name from astronomy folklore, the ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the ziwei yuan(north star).the constellation containing the north star was called the constellation of heavenly god and star itself was called the purple palace.because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence.in folklore, the term ”an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, laozi, to the hanghu pass.here, purple is associated with auspicious developments.the word jin(forbidden)is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people.the red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic.red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth.yellow is the color of the earth on the loess plateau, the original home of the chinese people.yellow became an imperial color during the tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture.gate(western flowery gate)to the west ,the donghua(eastern flowery gate)to the east.篇三：北京故宫英文导游词

北京故宫

女士们、先生们，欢迎大家来到北京，北京是中国的首都，也是我国的四大古都之一。2008年奥运会的成功举办更使这座古老的城市为许多外国朋友所熟知。大家稍作休息，请允许我自我介绍一下。我是大家北京之行的地接导游员我的名字叫温辉辉，那在我身边的这位是我们的司机张师傅。我们将会竭尽全力为大家提供最优质的服务。像我一样热情好客的北京人将以他们最热情的方式欢迎世界各地发朋友来到北京。在北京期间我们将游览故宫、长城、颐和园等景点。希望古老而又时尚的北京会给大家留下一段美好的回忆。

在北京我们游览的第一个景点就是故宫。提起故宫大家首先会想到它是中国皇帝居住过的地方。但故宫的价值可不仅仅在于此。它更是我们中国历史、中国文化以及中国建筑的一个缩影。

故宫位于北京城的中心，是明清两朝的皇宫。它是世界上显存最大、最完整的宫殿建筑群。至今约有六百年的历史，先后有24位皇帝在这里统治全国近500年。故宫又名紫禁城，那是因为在封建社会皇帝拥有最高的权利因此这个地方是禁止一般人进出。紫色是象征这北极星的颜色，这被认为是宇宙的中心 所以又名紫禁城。

紫禁城的建筑布局是对称的分为前朝和内廷。前朝以太和、中和、保和三大殿为主体是举行大殿、朝贺、筵宴行使权力的地方。其中太和殿是故宫中规模最大等级最高的建筑。皇帝登基及册立皇后等重大仪式都在此举行。内廷以乾清宫、交太殿和坤宁宫为主体，是皇帝的寝宫和处理日常政务的地方。坤宁宫以北是御花园，是皇帝及其家人

游玩的地方。

现在我要问大家一个问题，故宫的房间是九千九百九十九间半吗? 传说天宫的房间是一万间，人间的皇帝作为天帝的儿子，皇宫自然不能超过天宫，于是故宫便造了九千九百九十九间半。其实古代建筑是以“四柱一间”为标准的。经过古建筑专家实地调查统计，故宫所有的房间数量是8707，并非传说所言。

北京颐和园英文导游辞 第6篇

Out side the East Gate-side the East Gate –in front of the Hall of benevolence and Longevity-in front of Garden of Virtuous Harmony-in front of the Grand Theater Building-a lakeside walk from the Garden of Virtuous Harmony to the Hall o Jade Ripples-in front of the o Jade Ripples-in front of the Yiyunguan(Chamber of Mortal Being)-Hall of happiness and longevity-in front of the Yaoyue(Chamber of Mortal Beings)-Hall of Happiness and Longevity-in front of the Yaoyue(Inviting the Moon)Gate of the Long Corridor-strolling along the Long Corridor-visiting an exhibition of cultural relics-in front of the Hall of Dispelling Clouds-inside the Hall of Dispelling Clouds-atop the Tower of Buddhist Incense-on a hilltop leading from the back door of the Tower of Buddhist Incense-on a hilltop leading from the back door of the Tower of Buddhist Incense-inside the Garden of Harmonious Interest –outside the south gate to Suzhou Shopping Street-atop the stone bridge inside the Suzhou shopping street –on the road from the south gate of suzhou shopping street-on the road form the south gate of suzhou shopping street to the marble boat-in front of the ruins of the Garden of complete spring –along the lakeside by the marble boat-boating on the Kunming Lake-leaving out through the East Gate.

(Out side the east gate)

Ladies and Gentlemen: Welcome to the Summer palace.(After the self-introduction of the guide-interpreter)I hope this will be an interesting and enjoyable day for you.During our tour, you will be introduced to time honored historical and cultural traditions, as well as picturesque views and landscapes.The construction of the Summer palace first started in 1750.At that time, the Qing Dynasty was in its heyday and China was a powerful Asian country with vast territories.The monarch in power then was Emperor Qianlong.With supreme power and large sums of money, he summoned skillful and ingenious artisans from all over the country to carry out this construction work in honor of his mother `s birthday.After 15 years and one seventh of the nation` s annual revenue spent, the Garden of Clear Ripples was completed and served as a testimony to China` s scientific and technological achievements.In 1860, this vast royal garden was burnt down along with the Yuanming Yuan(Garden of perfection and Brightness)by Angol-French allied forces.In 1888, Empress Dowager Cixi reconstructed the garden on the same site and renamed it the Garden of Nurtured Harmony(Summer palace).Characterized by its vast scope and rich cultural embodiments, the Summer palace has become one of the most famous tourist sites in the world.This is the main entrance to the Summer palace-the East Gate On top of the eaves of the door there is a plaque bearing a Chinese inscription which means “Garden of Nurtured Harmony” , whose calligrapher was Emperor Guangxu.The gate that you are now entering was used exclusively by the emperor, the empress and the queer mother.All others used the side doors.(Inside the East Gate)

the Summer palace can be divided into two parts: Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake.The whole garden covers an area of 290 hectares, of whih three-fourths consists of a lake and rivers.This imperial garden features 3,000 room-units and covers an expanse of 70,000 square meters with more than 100 picturesque spots of interest.The layout of the Summer palace includes three groups of architectures: palaces where the emperor attended to state affairs, resting palaces of the emperor and empress, and sightseeing areas.Entering the East Gate we will come the the office quarters.Entering the East gate we will come to the office quarters.The annex halls on both sides were used for officials on duty.This is the Gate of Benevolence and Longevity.Above the door there is a plaque bearing the same name in both Chinese and Manchurian characters.The gigantic rock in the foreground is known as Taihu rock, or eroded limestone, quarried in Jiangsu province and placed here to decorated the garden.On the marble terrace sits a bronze mythical beast, known as Qilin or Xuanni.It was said to the one of the nine sons of Dragon King.A point of peculiar interest is that it has the head of a dragon, antlers of a deer, the tail of a lion and hooves of a ox, and is covered with a unique skin.IT was considered an auspicious creature that brought peace and prosperity.This grand hall is the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity.It was built in 1750 , and was known as the Hall of Industrious Government.Emperor Qianlong ruled that the halls where monarchs attended to state affairs would be named after them.After the rebuilding of the Summer palace, the hall was renamed, suggesting that benevolent rulers would enjoy long lives.The arrangement of the hall has been left untouched.In the middle of the hall stands a throne made of sandalwood and carved with beautiful designs.In the background there is a screen carved with nine frolicking dragons.On either side of the throne there are two big fans made of peacock feathers, two column-shaped incense burners, crane-shaped lanterns and an incense burner assuming the form of Luduan, a mythological animal which was suppose to have the power to prevent fire.The small chambers on eight side were where the Emperor Qianlong and Empress Dowager Cixi rested and met officials on formal occasions.On the verandah in the foreground of the hall there are bronze statues of dragon and phoenixes which served as incense burners on major occasions.They are hollow and smoke comes through holes on their backs.Also on the veranda are Tai ping(peace)bronze water vats made during the reign of Emperor Qianlong.As a precaution in case of fire, a fire was lit underneath the vats in the winter to keep the water in them from freezing.(At the entrance of Garden of Virtuous Harmony)

we are now visiting the Garden of Virtuous Harmony, where Emperor Qianlong and Empress Dowager Cixi were entertained with Beijing Opera performances.IT mainly consists of the Dressing House, The Grand Theater Building and the Hall of pleasure smiles.The grand Theater Building known as the “Cradle of Beijing Opera” was uniquely laid out and magnificently decorated.On September 10, 1984, the Garden of Virtuous Harmony opened its doors to visitors.There are also 7 exhibition halls with articles of daily use on display here.The staff here put up court dresses of Qing Dynasty in order to give the visitor a more vivid impression.(In front of the Grand Theater Building)

this building is 21 meters in height and 17 meters in width and features three tiers of tilted eaves and stages.All of the stages are connected to a raise ,and a winch is installed at the top.A well and 5 ponds were sunk under the ground stage.There are trapdoors in the ceiling for fairies to descend, as well as on the floor for demons to surface.The underground passages also served as a means of improving resonance and making the performers` voices more audible.Of the three main theater building of the Qing Dynasty, the Grand Theater Building is the tallest and the largest.The other two are Changyin(Fluent Voice)pavilion in Chengde, an imperial summer resort.The building played a major part in fostering the birth and development of Beijing opera: since the completion of the Grand Theater Building, many performances were held in it in honor of the Empress Dowager Cixi.(A lakeside walk from the Garden of Virtuous Harmony to the Hall of Jade Ripples)

we are now standing in the middle of a rockery behind the Hall of Benevolent and longevity.It appears that there` s nothing special ahead.However, after we clear the rockery, we will reach Kunming Lake.This is a application of a specific style of Chinese gardening.Not far away in the lake there is a islet.It is filled with peach and weeping willow trees and serves as a ideal place to appreciate the scenery.The pavilion on the islet is called Zhichun(Understanding Spring)pavilion and is chardcterized by four-edged, multiple eaved roofs.(In front of the Hall of Jade Ripples)

this group of special and quiet courtyard dwelling is the Hall of jade Ripples.It was first used by Emperor Qianlong to attend to state affairs.IT was also where Emperor Guangxu of the late Qing dynasty was kept under house arrest.This hall is a hallmark of the Reform Movement of 1898, Emperor Guanxu was Empress Dowager Cixi` s nephew.After Emperor Tongzhi died, Empress Dowager Cixi made her nephew, who was at that time four years old a successor in order to continue her wielding of power behind the scenes.When Emperor Guanxu was 19 years old ,Empress Dowager Cixi relinquished power to him but continued to exert considerable influence.In 1898, the Reform Movement took place with the aim of sustaining the corn principles of the Qing Dynasty while reforming outdated laws.The movement lasted for 103 days until it was suppressed by Empress Dowager Cixi.The emperor` s six earnest reformists were beheaded and Emperor Guangxu was placed under house arrest which lasted for 10 years.All the back doors were sealed and a brick was was put up behind the wooden partition on each side of the two annexes of the courtyard.Emperor Guangxu was closely watched by eunuchs.The wall remains intact for tourists to see..Dynasty while reforming outdated laws.The movement lasted for 103 days until it was suppressed by Empress Dowager Cixi.The emperor` s six earnest reformists were beheaded and Emperor Guangxu was placed under house arrest which lasted for 10 years.All the back doors were sealed and a brick was was put up behind the wooden partition on each side of the two annexes of the courtyard.Emperor Guangxu was closely watched by eunuchs.The wall remains intact for tourists to see.(In front of Yiyunguan(Chamber of Mortal Beings)

this was where Empress and empress dowager of China` s feudal system.However, Emperor Guanxu was not the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty.The last in the line was Emperor puyi, who ascended the throne in 1908 at the age of three, too young to be married.In 1912, he was forced to abdicate.During the short reign of Emperor puyi.Empress Longyu handled state affairs on his behalf in the name of Empress Dowager.In 1911, a revolution led by Dr.Sun Yat-sun succeeded, and the year after, Empress Longyu announced the abdication of the last emperor of China.(In the Hall of Happiness and Longevity)

the aged empress Dowager Cixi was so fond of the Summer palace that she decided to live here from April through October of every year.This group of buildings served as her residence.This group of courtyard dwellings consists of a forecourt and a backyard with annex courts on each side.The whole compound was basically made of wood, which is ideal for ventilation and lighting.With its quiet and tasteful layout, the Hall of Happiness and Longevity made life very easy and convenient.No wonder one of Empress Dowager Cixi` s pleasure boat.On the pier there is a tall lantern post.Flanking the staircase leading to the main entrance of the hall, there are bronze cranes, deer and vases, symbolizing universal peace.The interior layout is the same as the imperial court, with throne, a large table and incense burners placed in the middle.At mealtime, eunuchs-in –waiting would make a gigantic table out of this table and Empress Dowager Cixi would dine on 128 courses.Because of this more than 1,800 tales of silver would be spent each month on meals.On the east side of the Living Room is the Cloak Room.The bedroom in on its west.In front of the yaoyue(Inviting the Moon)Gate of the Long Corridor

The famed Long Corridor is ahead.Facing Kunming lake and in the foreground of Longevity Hill, the Long Corridor stretches from Yaoyue(Inviting the Moon)Gate to Shizhang(Stony Old Man)pavilion.IT is 728 meters in length and consist of 273 sections and connects four octagonal pavilions.In 1990 ,it was listed in Guinness Book of World Records.(In the front of the Tower of Buddhist Incense)

An octagonal structure with three storeys and quadruple eaves, the Tower of Buddhist Incense is the very center of the Summer palace, and is one of the masterpieces of ancient Chinese architecture.The tower is 41 meters in height, and is buttressed by 8 solid pillars made of lignumvitae logs.With its complex structure, ingenious layout, towering terrace and convincing grandeur, the Tower of Buddhist Incense was artfully set out by the imperial gardens and beautiful scenery surrounding it.The Tower overlooks Kunming Lake and other picturesque spots within an area of tens of kilometers.On the west side of the Tower stands Baoyunge(precious Cloud pavilion).IT is made of bronze and is7.5 meters in height and 270 tons in weight.It resembles its wooden counterparts in every detail.It is one of the largest and most exquisite bronze pavilions still on existence in China.Lamas prayed here during the reign of Emperor Qianlong in honor of the monarchs and their families.At the turn of the century 10 bronze windows were spirited abroad.In 1992 an American company bought the windows and returned them intact to China.(On a hilltop leading from the back door of Tower of Buddhist Incense)

Now we can see the long and snaking Western Causeway and a shorter dike that divides Kunming Lake into three areas that contain South Lake Island, Seaweed-viewing Island and circle city island.The three island represent three mountain in ancient Chinese mythology, i.e.penglai, Fangzhang and Yingzhou.This peculiar method of incorporating a lake a three mountains within a single garden was a brainchild of Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty more than 2,000 years ago, bearing testimony to feudal monarchs` s longing for longevity.As the legend goes many heavenly elixirs grew on the three mythical islands.Using artificial building techniques, the ancient Chinese built this masterpiece based on the myth to make the mythical on appear to be accessible to humans.(Inside the Garden of Harmonious Interest)

Setting a garden within a larger garden has been one of China traditional architectural styles.The Garden of Harmonious Interest serves as a fine example of this.This Garden was built under the order of Emperor Qianlong and modeled after the Jichang Garden(Garden of Ease of Mind)at the foot of Mount Huishan, Jiansu province.IT was renamed by his son Emperor Jiaqing in 1811.The existing Garden was rebuilt by Emperor or Guangxu.Empress Dowager Cixi used to go fishing here.The Garden features 10 waterfront platforms, pavilions and halls as well as hundreds of galleries

With all of its structures facing the lake and pools, the Garden of Harmonious Interest is basically a garden of waterscape.Spanning the vast expanse of the lake and pools are five bridges, each quite different from the others.The most famous of them is the bridge known as “Knowing –the Fishing-bridge.” IT is said that more than 2,500 years ago during the Warring States period, two philosophere named Zhuang Zi had an interesting argument by the side of a pond.Zhang said, ”Fish swim to and fro in the water.What happy fish!”

Hui asked , ”You are not a fish.How do you know they are happy? ”

Zhuang replied, “You are not me.How do you know I don’t know? ”

Hui signed, “I am not you ,therefore, I don’t know you.And you are not a fish ,so how

do you know that fish are happy? ”

Zhang said, “you ask me how I know fish are happy, why do you keeping me the same question?”

Although The Garden of Harmonious Interest was designed after Jichang Garden, it not only absorbed the original designs, but exceeded it.(Outside the south entrance to Suzhou Shopping Street)

Now lets have a look at longevity Hill.On the back slope of the Hill stands a group of architectures.The centerpiece of structures there are known as the Four Continents and are dedicated to Buddhism.This group was laid out and arranged in accordance with Buddhist cosmology.Aside from a main shrine and structures embodying the Four Continents, there are eight towers representing Minor Continents.The shrine is surrounded by four Lamaist pagodas and between the major and minor continents, there two platforms representing the sun and the moon.(Boating on Kunmin Lake)