牛津高中英语词汇教学

牛津高中英语词汇教学（精选12篇）

牛津高中英语词汇教学 第1篇

关键词：词汇,教学,方法,策略

词汇是构成语言的三大要素 (语音、词汇、语法) 之一。牛津高中英语每个模块虽然只有三个单元, 但是每个单元内容丰富充实, 比较贴近我们的日常生活, 学生对每个单元的知识比较感兴趣。但是我们会发现, 牛津高中英语教材模块四、五相对于前几个模块最大的变化就是词汇量的增加, 而这一点对大多数学生来说无疑是一难点, 一想到记单词就头疼, 他们普遍认为“英语单词不好学, 记不住, 学过就忘”, 我在这几年的教学实践中, 慢慢摸索出自己的几点做法。

一、每个单元词汇分版块进行讲解, 提高词汇学习效率

牛津高中英语教材每一单元基本上都有七个版块, 每个版块都有新词汇。我在讲解这些版块单词时分成两步或三步进行, 减轻他们背整个单元单词的负担, 提高学习效率。

二、采用合适的词汇教学法, 激发和培养学生对词汇学习的兴趣

在课堂的词汇教学过程中, 老师应根据单词的特点, 采用合适的教学方法, 这样学生不会对单词的记忆感到枯燥无味。

1. 在具体的语境中学会单词并加以应用。

Cook (1991∶40) 指出:人们对事物记忆的好坏主要取决与大脑对信息处理的深度, 对孤立的词的重复是一种低层处理, 记忆效果差;将词与所处的语法结构结合起来, 则是一种较深层的处理, 记忆效果较好;而将词的意义与句子的意义结合起来则是一种最深层的处理, 记忆效果最好。这说明了词汇学习要放在具体的语言环境中的重要性。而有些学生课后单词的记忆纯粹按照书后词汇表来记, 有些人暂时记住了而过一段时间又忘了, 效果不佳。我在平时的教学中反复和学生强调这种方法不可取, 自己学生时代有好多同学在等级考试前专门背诵一些词汇书, 而最后大多数人没能坚持下来, 并且前一段时间背的单词差不多又忘了, 前功尽弃, 得不偿失。所以这种机械的操练方法证明纯粹记忆效率不高。因此我要求学生把单词放到具体的语言环境中去记, 书上的Reading, Word Power和Project等给我们创造了很好的语境, 学习时可根据这些语境既容易又能加深单词的记忆, 同时也学会了单词的应用。这一点正论证了吕叔湘先生在论述关于语境和词汇学习的关系时所说的那样:“词语要嵌在上下文里头才有生命, 才容易记住, 才知道用法。”另外我们还可以通过首字母填空、完形填空和对话填空等形式让学生在这些具体的语言环境当中去巩固所学的新词汇。

2. 充分利用具体事例讲解法。

学生在每天的生活中都会发生许许多多令人难忘的事, 我在单词讲解时充分利用这一点, 举他们身边的例子进行造句操练, 加深他们对词汇的掌握和应用。

3. 头脑风暴的游戏形式。

学生在记住一些单词的基础上, 通过头脑风暴的形式强化对这些词的记忆, 体验词汇学习的成就感和乐趣。如模块五在讲奥运会中有关体育运动项目时, 我通过这种形式来看看哪些学生记住了一定的词汇, 记得多的人会有所奖励, 同时还能带动其他同学的积极性。

4. 对比法的形式。

学生在学习的过程中会见到许许多多形式相似、意义相近的词或短语, 不可避免地会产生一些模糊的认识。这时, 我们应及时地把这些比较教给学生使他们能看得出和理解其区别。例如模块四第一单元中有be used to, 我们在讲的时候会讲be/get used to (doing) , used to (do) 和be used to (do) 的区别, 学生在老师所举的例子当中去观察和体会这些区别的用法, 从而会更准确地掌握和运用这些知识。

5. 课上归纳的方法。

学生在记单词的时候往往是零散地去记忆, 这种学习可能会造成他们在运用知识时的片面性, 所以我们在讲解单词的时候适当地把一些零散的知识串起来, 使其系统化, 以帮助学生更好地掌握和自如地运用学过的知识。如在模块三第三单元中有take over这一词组, 我除了讲这个词组的用法外, 还帮助学生进行如下的总结:take away (拿开) take back (取回) take down (取下;记下) take in (欺骗;理解) take off (起飞;脱下) take up (占据) take part in (参加)

6. 猜词游戏法。

有时在刚开始上课时, 发觉班上学生有些沉闷, 听课效率不是很高, 我会用猜词游戏法来调动班级积极性, 使学生的思维活跃起来。例如他们刚进我们学校的时候, 我会用简单的语言来说教室的物品, 如电视, 黑板, 广播和灯等, 学生来进行猜测。这样既能帮助学生巩固单词, 又能带动课堂的积极性。

三、鼓励学生掌握学习策略, 提高记忆效率

在平时学生记忆单词上, 我较注重指导他们记忆的策略, 让他们掌握这些策略和方法, 提高记忆效果。

1. 拼读记忆。

英语语言本身是拼音文字, 会拼读单词对我们来说很重要也很实用。英语字母或字母组合都有其一定的读音规则, 在平时的语音课上, 我要求学生掌握一定的读音规则, 引导学生利用拼读规则去记单词, 把一些较长的单词进行音节的划分, 使他们变成较短的几个组合, 读起来容易记起来。如在讲模块三第二单元中pronunciation一词时, 让学生把这单词划成五个音节, 根据五个音节的发音和读音规则去记和拼写, 学生能在很短的时间内记住它了拼写。在以后的单词学习中, 学生会有意或无意地利用这种方法去高效准确地记住一些长的单词。

2. 掌握单词的构词法。

语言学家把专门研究词形变化现象和规则的学问称为词形学 (Morphology) , 通常简称为构词法 (Word Formation) 。英语的构词法主要有:合成法, 转化法, 派生法, 混成法, 截短法和词首字母缩略法。构词法在英语词汇学习中发挥了很大的作用, 牛津高中英语教材中每一个模块的Word Power中都涉及到了构词法的知识。我们通过这种方法进行词汇教学, 可以帮助学生对一些熟知的词有更深刻更系统的了解, 更加有效地记忆单词。一旦引导学生掌握了这种方法, 可以达到事半功倍的效果。

3. 联想归纳记忆法。

联想归纳法可以帮助学生扩大词汇量, 促使词汇知识系统化, 这可以是同义词、反义词或同音词的联想归纳, 也可以是同根词、同前缀词、同后缀词的联想归纳, 也可以是具有相同意义或相同用法的联想和归纳。如我们在讲discourage…from的时候通过联想让学生记住它的反义词encourage sb to do的用法。

4谐音形象记忆。

谐音, 是指字与字或词与词的读音相同或相似。谐音形象法借助谐音赋予英语单词某一中文, 然后与该单词的中文意思进行联想, 以之来增强记忆。谐音记忆使得识记材料具有双重意义, 一方面谐音的中文代表该单词的读音, 同时该中文又跟单词的意思有关联, 所以在回忆时出现某一方面就容易出现另一方面, 因而便于记忆。在英语中, 我们常见到一些音译词, 如humor (幽默) , typhoon (台风) , pharaoh (法老) 等, 学生在记这些单词时就比较容易记住。因此有时在课堂上, 有时为了活跃课堂气氛, 在讲单词时, 适当采用谐音来帮助学生记忆单词, 这主要结合单词的音标和意思来进行, 这不仅能收到快速记忆单词意思的效果, 某种程度上也能帮助记住单词的读音。如在教alien (a.外国的, 外星的n.外星人) 时, 我结合该单词的音标和中文意思, 让学生记住“爱恋外国的外星人”。学生在哈哈大笑听这些解释之余, 能形象地记住他们的中文意思、拼写和读音。

5. 鼓励学生充分利用业余时间大声地朗读和背诵英语材料。

有些学生在初中阶段的英语学习中不太注重朗读的重要性, 早读课上喜欢默读, 为此, 我用疯狂英语的例子告诉他们响亮的声音能给大脑和耳朵足够的刺激, 有利于记忆。另外我们还发了《新概念英语》第二册中的材料, 要求每人每周至少得背诵三篇材料, 加强对背诵的检查, 坚持了差不多两年的时间, 学生提高了英语口语, 又拓展了自己的词汇量。

6. 在作文中有效记忆。

学生利用写作文的形式来记单词, 这样他们会记得牢, 记得准, 同时能掌握一些词汇的用法, 因此我们要引导学生和鼓励学生在记单词时不妨用几个单词写一个小故事, 使得这些生词变得生动有趣。例如我在教模块三第一单元Reading部分单词后, 要求他们以desert, in sight, beat, wish for, reach out, be frozen with等单词写一篇短文。很多学生都写得很精彩, 充分发挥了他们的想象力。其中一个学生是这样写的:A cruel man, who didn't always tell his wife the truth, deserted his wife and two children and came abroad to meet his new lover alone.Unfortunately, when he reached the park where they had promised to meet, he found his new lover was not in sight.He was cheated by her without doubt.Since he couldn't speak the language of that country, he felt hopeless.His heart was beating with fear.How he wished for his wife could reach out her hand to comfort him at the moment!He had no choice but to look for a hotel.However, he couldn't make himself understood by the pedestrians.At last, he was frozen with despair and fear held him still.在课后和学生交流这篇作文时, 其他的同学也能在愉快的故事情节中加深印象, 时间一长, 学生渐渐喜欢上这种方法, 对句子的表达也有了一定的基础, 并且对词汇的选择也有了信心, 他们的积极性得到了极大的提高, 被动学习成了主动学习, 他们的成绩也一天天地提高。

7. 在课外阅读中扩大词汇量。

课外阅读是扩大词汇量的一个好办法, 这样不仅提高了学生阅读的能力, 同时他们在阅读过程中掌握了一定量的生词和短语。

总之, 学习词汇的方法有很多, 需要我们在实践中不断地积累和总结, 有效的词汇教学必将推动整个英语教学。

参考文献

[1]胡春洞.英语教学法[M].高等教育出版社, 1990.

[2]中学英语教学法[M].华东师范大学出版社.

[3]现代英语词汇学[M].上海外语教育出版社.

[4]英语单词形象记忆法[M].上海社会科学院出版社.

牛津高中英语词汇教学 第2篇

2. Nobody likes being made fun of in public.

3. I asked him a question but he made/gave no response.

4. There have been several responses to our advertisement.

5. Our call for new suggestions evoked(=produced) little response

6. .She opened the door in response to the knock.

7. I’m writing in response to the question you raised in your letter.

8. What’s your reaction to the news?

9. How did he react to your suggestion?

10. Children at this age tend to react against their parents by going against their wishes.

11. The suffering has affected both her mental and physical health.

12. There was a long queue outside the cinema.

13. We queued up for the bus with great anxiety.

14. This technology is still in its early stages.

15. People tend to work hard at this stage of life.

16. We can take the argument one stage further.

17. She acted on our suggestion.

18. A trained dog can act as a guide to a blind person.

19. He acted as if he had never seen me before.

20. Does the drug take long to act ( on the nerve centres)?

21. She’s been awarded a scholarship to study at Oxford.

22. The award for this year’s best actress went to

23. Make exercise a part of your daily routine.

24. The fault was discovered during a routine check.

25. His bright clothes were badly appropriate for such a solemn occasion.

26. I think this is an appropriate moment to raise the question of my promotion.

27. Complaints must be addressed to the appropriate authority.

28. The new toys kept her amused for hours.

29. The children amused themselves by playing games.

30. Your support is vital to/for the success of my plan.

31. It’s vital that we should act at once.

32. The issues are of vital importance.

33. You don’t sound very enthusiastic about the idea.

34. She never lost her enthusiasm for teaching.

35. It was a tough decision to make.

36. He faces the toughest test of his leadership so far.

37. The smile on her face made it all worthwhile.

38. It didn’t seem worthwhile writing it all out again.

39. The painting is the work of a master.

40. It takes years to master a new language.

41. He has never mastered the art of public speaking.

42. We’ve decided to take on a new clerk in the accounts department.

43. These insects can take on the color of their surroundings.

44. His face took on a worried expression.

45. I’m too tired and I can’t take on extra work.

46. After she had got over/overcome her initial shyness, she became very friendly.

47. It’s a highly skilled job. We need skilled workers.

48. Reading and writing are two different skills.

49. The job calls for skill.

50. Hurry! Go and see what’s going on there.

51. Be careful while crossing the street.

52. I crossed his name off the list.

53. He stood still there with his arms crossed on his chest.

54. I felt warm and cosy sitting by the fire.

55. I was annoyed with him because he kept interrupting.

56. The river wanders through some very beautiful country.

57. The bus was crowded/packed with noisy schoolchildren.

58. The entire village was destroyed in the flood.

59. The disease threatens to wipe out the entire population.

60. She raised her finger to her lips as a sign for silence.

61. The builders raised the ceiling by 6 inches.

62. How do people react to the appeal to raise money for victims of the disaster?

63. His long absence raised fears about his safety.

64. The situation has raised concern both nationally and internationally.

65. We need to raise public awareness of the issue.

66. They are kids raised on a diet of hamburgers.

67. They raised some cattle on the farm.

68. She was never keen on performing in public because she was afraid of making a fool of herself.

69. She fooled the old man out of all his money.

70. He’s fooled a lot of people into believing he’s a rich man.

71. This material tears easily, so be careful when you wear it.

72. She’s so absorbed in the book that she simply couldn’t tear herself away from it.

73. I was torn between my friends and my family.

74. She burst into tears upon hearing the bad news.

75. She exited pretty quickly when she heard him arriving.

76. Ring the bell in an emergency.

77. The situation grew worse and the government declared a state of emergency.

78. I don’t hold out much hope that the weather will improve.

79. How much longer can our supplies hold out?

80. The town was surrounded but the people held out until help came.

81. He’s fond of making jokes about the mistakes his classmates have made.

82. “ Can’t you make your little boy behave(himself)?” said Mary, pointing to the naughty boy’s mother.

83. He tripped over the root of a tree and was hurt.

84. The two cars ran/crashed/knocked/bumped into each other in the darkness.

85. The speech made a strong impression on us.

86. First impressions are often misleading.

87. All such possibilities must be considered before we make a decision.

88. Like many other young people, he prefers pop music.

89. It’s known to us all that Beijing will host the Olympic Games.

90. The address is being broadcast live on TV.

91. Every time he’s caught being late, he will make up an excuse.

92. Girls make up two-thirds of the class.

93. The audience howled with laughter at the words.

94. I’ve never doubted his popularity with his students because he’s so humorous.

95. You’re expecting too much of her. After all, she’s so young.

96. Many young people now don’t hope to follow in the footsteps of their parents.

97. Taking regular exercise and having a balanced diet can help you stay healthy .

98. Whatever the cost, we must carry out the research work.

99. Please look up the new words in your dictionaries after class.

100. The kids looked up from their books at the knock.

101. Mind that all the sentences you make should make sense.

102. Soon/Shortly after their arrival, the play began.

103. Follow the instructions while in the lab.

104. The old buildings are being torn down to make room for the new mall.

105. It’s everyone’s duty to contribute to the construction of our society.

106. The boy burst in with a book in his right hand.

107. He got seriously injured in the accident.

108. They struggled just to pay their bills.

109. I struggled up the hill with the heavy bags.

110. He struggled against cancer for two years.

111. I struggled and screamed for help.

112. How did she manage to struggle free?

113. Life is hard but we all have to struggle on.

114. He is engaged in a bitter struggle with his rival to get control of the company.

115. They were struggling to get out of the burning car.

116. The accident disabled him from playing basketball.

117. On their small income they live very simply.

118. To put it simply, the new proposals mean that the average worker will be about 10% better paid.

119. I don’t like driving; I do it simply because I have to get to work each day.

120. She is very dedicated to her work.

121. The doctor dedicated her life/herself to finding a cure.

122. He dedicated his first book to his late mother.

123. The programme reviews the most important events of 1985.

124. The 800 meters is the fourth event of the afternoon.

125. The two villages are three miles apart.

126. The two sides in the dispute are still a long way apart and it is unlikely that any agreement will be reached.

127. He took the clock apart to repair it.

128. He and his wife are living apart.

129. It’s a good piece of work, apart from a few slight faults.

130. Apart from being too large, it just doesn’t suit me.

131. I don’t think we should devote any more time to this question.

132. Several pages of the paper were devoted to an account of the election.

133. He is very devoted to his wife.

134. Most of our meetings were devoted to discussing the housing problem.

135. They rushed out into the street.

136. The fire engine rushed past us as we waited at the traffic lights.

137. Doctors and medical supplies were rushed to the scene of the accident.

138. Don’t rush into marriage; you might regret it later.

139. There was a rush for the exits when the film ended.

140. She received severe head injuries in the accident.

141. She was in severe pain.

142. The rejection came as a severe blow to his pride.

143. She had a severe look on her face.

144. Competition for the job is very severe.

145. I heard the cheers of the crowd, and I knew our team was winning.

146. Christmas and New Year are a time of good cheer in the company of family and friends.

147. The crowd cheered( the president) as he drove slowly by.

148. She was cheered by the news from home.

149. Oh, come on----cheer up!

150. Give Mary a call; she needs cheering up.

151. He felt bright and cheerful and full of energy.

152. The restaurant is bright and cheerful.

153. She overcame injury to win the Olympic gold medal.

154. The two parties managed to overcome their differences on the issue.

155. In the final game Sweden easily overcame France.

156. She can’t overcome her shyness.

157. She’s accomplished a great deal in the last few weeks.

158. That’s it. Mission accomplished.

159. When we moved to France, the children adapted ( to the change) very well.

160. I’m afraid he can’t adapt to the idea of having a woman as his boss.

161. These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes.

162. It took him a while to adapt himself to his new surroundings.

163. Three of his novels have been adapted for television.

164. She tried to be more positive(=confident) about her new job.

165. We should have positive attitudes towards life.

166. We must take positive steps to deal with the problem.

167. It will require positive action by all in the industry.

168. We’ve had a very positive response to the idea.

169. His family have been a very positive influence on him.

170. We have no positive evidence that she was involved.

171. Are you positive that you’ve never seen that man before?

172. Thinking positively is one way of dealing with stress.

173. The experts are optimistic about our chances of success.

174. He tried to inspire them to greater efforts.

175. I was inspired to work harder by her example.

176. She showed remarkable courage when she heard the bad news.

177. I didn’t have the courage to tell him the bad news.

178. She showed admirable self-control.

179. He’s always looking in the mirror, admiring himself.

180. I was filled with admiration for her courage.

181. The documentary aroused public sympathy for victims of the disaster.

182. I have no sympathy for her; it’s all her own fault.

183. He had always obeyed his parents without question.

184. You’ll have to observe the speed limit on the highway.

185. I’ve arranged for a taxi.

186. He called at 9, as arranged.

187. I’ve arranged for a doctor to see him.

188. We still have to arrange where to meet.

189. They went to Italy on a coach tour.

190. They believed the witness had been coached on what to say.

191. I coach people for English exams.

192. She coaches me in French.

193. A large sum has been allocated for buying new books for the library.

194. More resources are being allocated to the project.

195. The space available is not adequate for our needs.

196. There is a lack of training that is adequate to meet the future needs of industry.

197. I hope he will prove adequate to the job.

198. Her performance was adequate, though hardly exciting.

199. People are confused about all the different labels on food these days.

200. The children gave a confused account of what had happened.

201. He has decided to quit as manager of the team.

202. He quit the show last year because of his poor health.

203. I’m tired of watching television; let’s go for a walk.

204. The agency offers practical guidance to people starting their own business.

205. She went on holiday alone---she’s very independent.

206. He was innocent of the crime and was set free.

207. The man gave a vivid description of what happened.

208. He’s a shy boy who can’t communicate very well.

209. We can communicate with each other by sending e-mails.

210. Basic human rights, including freedom of speech, are now guaranteed.

211. The ticket will guarantee you free entry.

212. We guarantee to deliver your goods within a week.

213. These days getting a degree doesn’t guarantee you a job.

214. We’ll do all we can to assist you.

215. We’ll assist you in finding somewhere to live, so don’t worry.

216. Two men are assisting the police with their enquiries.

217. Anyone willing to assist can contact this number.

218. This heating system has an automatic temperature control.

219. Breathing is an automatic function of the body.

220. At the turn of a tap you get instant hot water.

221. The instant I saw him I knew he was the man the police were looking for.

222. What’s the maximum amount of wine you’re allowed to take through customs duty-free?

223. He smokes (up to) a maximum of ten cigarettes a day.

224. I enjoy Mary’s company.

225. He’s coming with me for company.

226. The children are very good company at this age.

227. Jane is very mature for her age.

228. Technology in this field has matured considerably over the last decade.

229. She has matured into one of the country’s finest actresses.

230. Information must be stored so that it’s secure from accidental deletion.

231. Check that all windows and doors have been made as secure as possible.

232. What’s the motivation behind this sudden change?

233. He’s intelligent enough but lacks motivation.

234. It doesn’t make any difference/the slightest difference to me whether you go or stay.

235. When you’re learning to drive, having a good teacher makes a big difference/makes all the difference.

236. There are no significant differences between the education systems of the two countries.

237. She noticed a marked difference in the children on her second visit.

238. Why don’t you settle your differences and be friends again?

239. Your age shouldn’t make any difference to whether you get the job or not.

240. Their house differs from mine in having no garage.

241. The brothers differ widely in their tastes.

242. people’s talents differ from person to person.

243.She looks different with her hair short.

244. Boys and girls may behave differently.

245. By investing wisely, she accumulated a fortune.

246. It is a long time since he has visited his native Poland.

247. The tiger is native to India.

248.The kangaroo is a native of Australia.

249. She speaks Italian like a native, though she is a native speaker of French.

250. Judging from his accent, he’s a Southerner.

251. This newspaper has a long tradition of attacking corruption and mismanagement.

252. He intends to continue the family tradition and seek a career in politics.

253. The traditional English breakfast includes bacon and eggs.

254. A great party was held that day in celebration of their fiftieth wedding anniversary.

255. These good results have given us something to celebrate.

256. He settled back in his chair and closed his eyes.

257. He settled himself comfortably in his usual chair.

258. I settled my daughter on the sofa and put a blanket over her.

259. Dust had settled on the tables and chairs.

260. Settle down, children; stop running about!

261. That’s settled; we’ll leave tomorrow.

262. It’s all settled---we’re leaving on the nine o’clock plane.

263. They settled their quarrel/differences in a friendly way.

264. The American West was hardly settled until the 19th century.

265. She settled (herself) down in a chair with a book and a cup of tea.

266. I hate all this travel; I want to get married and settle down.

267. It was so embarrassing when the children started laughing in the middle of the service.

268. He bought a little model of the Eiffel Tower as a souvenir of his holiday in Paris.

269. She asked him to clarify what he meant.

270. When will the government clarify its position on equal pay for women?

271. She didn’t participate in the discussion.

272. We want to encourage students to participate fully in the running of the college.

273. Details of the competition are available at all participating stores.

274. A back injury prevented active participation in any sports for a while.

275. I got a warm reception that day.

276. They’re holding a reception to welcome the new ambassador.

277. Leave your key at reception/at the reception desk.

278. According to the estate agent’s ad, the house has three bedrooms and two reception rooms.

279. Wine usually contains about 10% alcohol.

280. He’s been told by the doctor to keep off alcohol.

281. Watch out for sharp turns and adjust your speed accordingly.

282. Adjust your language to the age of your audience.

283. It took her a while to adjust to living alone after the divorce.

284. I hope you’ll quickly adjust yourself to student life.

285. It’s time for me to log off. Bye!

286. In order to log in ( to the system), you have to type in a special password.

287. You need a password to log in/on.

288. Let’s analyse the problem and see what went wrong.

289. The analysis of the food showed the presence of poison.

290. The following is a summary of our conclusions.

291. In summary, this was a disappointing performance.

292. She has an annoying habit of biting her fingernails.

293. I smoke only out of/from habit; I wish I could break the habit.

294. My daughter’s got into the habit of turning on the TV as soon as she got home.

295. She’s tried to give up smoking but just can’t kick the habit.

296. I hope you won’t make a habit of it.

297. Social customs vary greatly from country to country.

298. It was his custom to get up early and have a cold bath.

299. It is the custom in that country for women to marry young.

300. I usually enjoy his films, but the latest one didn’t come/live up to my expectations.

301. Unfortunately, the new software has failed to meet expectations.

302. Some parents have unrealistic expectations of their children.

303. She lives in France but has British nationality.

304. The product sells well both at home and overseas/abroad.

305. If the pain continues, consult your doctor.

306. I need to consult with my colleagues on the proposals.

307. Consult your dictionary if you have any questions.

308. The audience showed its approval by cheering loudly.

309. The new proposals have won the approval of the board.

310. You made a good decision, and I thoroughly approve of it.

311. She’s clever but she lacks ambition.

312. One of her ambitions is to become a doctor.

313. He has at last achieved his lifetime ambition of running a private school.

314. The attack was the latest in a series of incidents in the area.

315. I was invited to their wedding feast.

316. The band’s new album takes up where their last one left off.

317. The table takes up too much room.

318. I won’t take up any more of your time.

319. Her time is fully taken up with writing.

320. They’ve taken up golf.

321. He takes up his duties next week.

322. Their protests were later taken up by other groups.

323. Give out the exam papers, please.

324. They gave out on the radio that the president had died.

325. She gave out a yell at the sight of the terrible accident.

326. Our supply of sugar has given out.

327. My strength gave out after the long walk.

328. That’s not the proper way to stop the machine. You should stop it this way.

329. What’s the correct procedure of renewing your car tax?

330. He’s standing still with his hands in his pockets.

331. It’s easy to have your pocket picked in a big crowd.

332. All members of the club are requested to attend the annual meeting.

333. The teaching staff requested of the head teacher that he should reconsider his decision.

334. They have made an urgent request for international aid.

335. She’s holding up well under the pressure.

336. The construction of the new road has been held up by the bad weather.

337. An accident is holding up traffic.

338. He remarked that it was getting late.

339. The judges remarked on the high standard of entries for the competition.

340. What exactly did you mean by that last remark?

341. The law states that everyone has the right to practise their own religion.

342. It is now generally accepted that

343. Generally, Japanese cars are very reliable and breakdowns are rare.

344. She finds the divorce too upsetting to talk about.

345. One major difference between these computers concerns the way in which they store information.

346. What concerns me most is our lack of preparation for the change.

347. I have enjoyed my visit very much, and would like to thank all the people concerned.

348. As far as I’m/we’re concerned, you can go whenever you want.

349. He asked several questions concerning the future of the company.

350. I haven’t the slightest idea (= I have no idea) what you’re talking about.

351.--- Do you mind if I open the window?----Not in the slightest/least. (=Not at all)

352. She was shaking with laughter/anger/fear.

353. Shake the bottle before taking the medicine.

354. They shared the work equally between them.

355. We went on a guided tour round/around/of the castle.

356. The project has been given the government’s seal of approval.

357. Only drink bottled water and check the seal isn’t broken.

358. Make sure you’ve signed the cheque before sealing the envelope.

359. She gave the police a full account of the incident.

360. The diaries contained detailed accounts of the writer’s experiences in China.

361. She retired early on account of ill health.

362. On no account should the house be left unlocked.

363. The company takes accounts of environmental issues wherever possible.

364. Coursework is taken into account as well as exam results.

365. The poor weather may have accounted for the small crowd.

366. How do you account for the show’s success?

367. All passengers have now been accounted for.

368. The Japanese market accounts for 35% of the company’s revenue.

369. He hid his hatred under a mask of loyalty.

370. He carved the wood into the shape of a bird.

371. The country is governed by elected representatives of the people.

372. He accused the opposition party of being unfit to govern.

373. Prices are very much governed by market demand.

374. All his decisions have been entirely governed by self-interest.

375. She’s still hunting for a new job.

376. The hunt is on for a suitable candidate.

377. Is he learning an instrument?

378. The plain fact is that we just can’t afford it.

379. Explain it in plain English, please.

380. The thief was caught by a policeman in plain clothes.

381. Spread the map out flat on the floor.

382. Children from the flats(=the block of flats) across the street were playing outside.

383. We got a flat (flat tyre) on the way home.

384. The aim is to give people more power over their own lives.

385. It is not within my power to help you.

386. The drug may affect your powers of concentration.

387. There was a power failure/cut last night.

388. The police and the army have been given special powers to deal with the situation.

389. People say that Britain is no longer a world power.

390. The scientist referred to the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field.

391. The figures in the left-hand column refer to our overseas sales.

392. Let me just refer to my notes to find the exact figures.

393. The new law does not refer to land used for farming.

394. The shop referred the complaint back to the makers of the articles.

395. The star refers to items which are intended for the advanced learners.

396. Do you know how to operate the heating system?

397. The machine is not operating at maximum efficiency.

398. Our company operates in several countries.

399. The new law operates against us/doesn’t operate in our favor.

400. Some people can only operate well under pressure.

401. We will have to operate on his eyes.

402. Doctors performed an emergency operation on her.

403. The police have launched a major operation against drug suppliers.

404. We’re deeply honored that you should agree to join us.

405. The president honored us with a personal visit.

406. It was a great honor to be invited here today.

407. Did you come to London to see your family, or for business purposes?

408. I haven’t got a pen, but a pencil will serve the same purpose.

409. Our campaign’s main purpose is to raise money.

410. He did it on purpose, knowing it would annoy her.

411. His coat was so long that it was almost touching the floor.

412. He hasn’t touched the money his aunt left him.

413. What he said really touched my heart.

414. All this information is readily available at the touch of a button.

415. Are you still in touch with your friends from college?

416. The violence was the result of political and ethnic conflicts.

417. She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.

418. She proved herself a worthy successor of the former champion.

419. No composer was considered worthy of the name until he had written an opera.

420. The performance is really worthy to be remembered.

421. There’s a plan to cut the company’s labor force.

422. Attendance on the course is purely voluntary.

423. He volunteered for guard duty.

424. Jenny volunteered to clear up afterwards.

425. This work costs us nothing: it’s all done by volunteers.

426. Unlike the American , the British press operates on a national scale.

427. It is important that students develop an awareness of how the Internet can be used.

428. There was an almost complete lack of awareness of the issues involved.

429. Draw a circle and write your name in it.

430. She drew the doctor aside to discuss her mother’s illness.

431. They drew their wages every Friday.

432. The play is drawing big crowds.

433. Her shouts drew the attention of the police.

434. They drew courage from his example.

435. We should draw some lessons from the accident.

436. You will be fined the sum of $200 if you break the rule.

437. The sum of 7 and 12 is 19.

438. I had to spend a large sum of money to get it back.

439. The hospital is trying to raise funds for a new kidney machine.

440. The projects have been cancelled because of lack of funds.

441. The scientists’ search for a cure for the disease is being funded by the government.

442. The disease is in urgent need of medical attention.

443. The poverty-stricken area made an urgent request for international aid.

444. He’s good at his job but he seems to lack perseverance.

445. There was no lack of volunteers.

446. The reasons for my decisions are set out in my report.

447. I think you’re deliberately setting out to annoy me.

448. The meal was set out on a long table.

449. First, allow me, on behalf of all my classmates, to express our thanks to you.

450. He comes from a remote village in the hills.

451. I’m afraid your chances of success are rather remote.

452. The information ought to be made more accessible.

453. The island is accessible only by boat.

454. Students need easy access to books they want.

455. Her ex-husband has access to the children at weekends.

456. After two hours’ frustrating delay, our train at last arrived.

457. I’m feeling rather frustrated in my present job; I need a change.

458. The bad weather frustrated our hopes of going out.

459. If only I were 10 years younger now.

460. If only I had gone by taxi yesterday.

461. This is a matter of individual conscience.

462. The book aims to cover all aspects of city life.

463. The house has a south-facing aspect.

464. We should consider a problem in all its aspects.

465. My time is precious; I can only give you a few minutes.

466. Don’t remind me of that awful day-I made such a fool of myself.

467. The sight of the clock reminded me that I was late.

468. Remind me to write to Mother.

469. The flood victims received money and clothes from several charities.

470. The painting comes from his private collection.

471. The first stage in research is data collection.

472. The total collection last week amounted $500.

473. Her new book is a collection of short stories.

474. We’ll have to face the facts---we simply can’t afford a holiday this year.

475. The main difficulty that faces us today is of supplying food to those in need.

476. When we faced her with all the evidence, she admitted the crime.

477. The house faces a park.

478. She is faced with a tough decision this time.

479. The country is involved in a border incident.

480. Running a car is a big expense.

481. You can claim back your travel expenses.

482. The results are well worth the expense.

483. They need financial help to meet the expenses of an emergency.

484. We were taken out for a meal at the company’s expense.

485. He built up the business at the expense of his health.

486. The price was somewhat higher than I’d expected.

487. We followed the river back to discover its source.

488. The faulty connection is the source of the engine trouble.

489. What is their main source of income?

490. Your local library will be a useful source of information.

491. Petrol is no longer a cheap fuel.

492. The heart is a kind of natural pump that moves the blood around the body.

493. She has gone to fetch the kids from school.

494. My car broke down on my way home yesterday.

495. Please state your name, address and occupation.

496. She was born in France during the German occupation.

497. Writing occupies most of my spare time.

498. She occupied herself with routine office tasks.

499. Problems at work continued to occupy his mind for some time.

500. The president occupies the position for four years.

501. His arguments forced them to admit he was right.

502. We had to force the window open because we had forgotten to bring our keys.

503. I never force my ideas upon anyone else.

504. I thought their smile was rather forced.

505. The thief took the money from the old man by force.

506. Use whatever means you can to persuade him.

507. We express our thoughts by means of words.

508. The quickest means of travel is by plane.

509. The company’s commitment to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success.

510. A career as a teacher requires one hundred percent commitment.

511. Heavy snow has caused total chaos on the roads.

512. The house was in chaos after the party.

513. She burst into tears and fled at this sight.

514. He was caught trying to flee the country.

515. Many people around the world die of starvation during famines every year.

516. She and I are colleagues: we work in the same unit.

517. There’s a vacant place over there where we can park.

518. The job was advertised in the situations vacant’ column in the newspaper.

519. Students often find temporary jobs during their summer holidays.

520. The patient is being treated in the local clinic.

521. George got hold of the dog by its collar.

522. Where have you been? I’ve been trying to get hold of you all day.

523. It’s almost impossible to get hold of tickets for the final.

524. There may be some minor changes to the schedule.

525. Women played a relatively minor role in the organization.

526. The cut will soon heal up/over.

527. He was healed of his sickness.

528. The patient was asked to take some medicine to prevent the bacteria from spreading.

529. Mary was cutting the grass, and meanwhile, Adam was planting trees in the garden.

530. In the storm, I took shelter under the big tree.

531. These plants must be sheltered from direct sunlight.

532. They were anxious to find shelter for the night.

533. People were desperately seeking shelter from the gunfire.

534. Please ask a member of staff for directions to the nearest terminals.

535. The police put up barriers to control the crowd.

536. Lack of confidence is the biggest barrier to investment in the region.

537. We’re now living in great comfort.

538. We can take comfort from the fact that the situation is not actually getting worse.

539. I tried to comfort Mary after her mother’s death

540. I don’t think it makes a lot of difference what color it is.

541. “Shall we go on Friday or Saturday?” “ It makes no difference to me.”

542. A few kind words at the right time makes all the difference.

543. The traditional backpack with a difference---it’s waterproof.

544. The minister refused to comment on individual cases.

545. Respect for individual freedom is advocated in that country.

546. Treatment depends on the individual involved.

547. She wears very individual clothes.

初中牛津英语词汇教学策略刍议 第3篇

一、文境与环境结合策略运用帮助学生识词辨义

初学英语者靠死记硬背单词还能勉强解决问题，随着词汇量的增加，这种孤立地记忆词汇方法一定程度上影响了学生学习英语的成绩。正如著名语言学家吕叔湘先生指出：词语只有渗透在文本里才有生命，才能牢固的记住，才能感悟其用法。因此，我们在初中英语词汇教学不能脱离文本情景和原创情景，做到词不离句、句不离段、段不离文、文不离景，引导学生利用上下文判断和掌握词义。譬如：我在指导学生学习umbrella时，就巧妙应用语段组织词汇教学活动： It’s raining and I want to go out. I don’t want to get wet. I don’t have a raincoat but I have an umbrella. I’ll put up my umbrella. The rain is coming down on my umbrella but it isn’t coming on me. My umbrella is protecting me from catching rain. Now， the rain has stopped. I’ll take my umbrella down. An umbrella is very useful when it is raining. 这样的教学手段不仅教会了学生这个单词，而且拓宽了学生的知识视野，创新思维意识和创新能力同步提高。

二、分类与归类结合策略运用引导学生顺词记忆

初中牛津英语的词汇量直线上升，这对学生而言是严峻的考验，假如我们帮助学生对所学单词进行合理分类，行之有效。诸如8B Unit 3 Online Travel是一个难度较大的单元，一共包含九十二个新词。面对复杂量大的词汇，采取科学归类的办法，紧紧围绕 “computer” 的词汇进行搜集和整理。首先，归纳与 “computer” 有关的名词键盘（keyboard）、屏幕（screen）、软盘（floppy disk）、键（key）、光标（cursor）、硬盘（hard disk）、光盘（CD-ROM）、图标（icon）、打印机（printer）、程序（program）、鼠标（mouse）、指令（instruction）、电子邮件（e-mail）、电子辞典（e-dictionary）、设置（setting）、文字处理（word processing） 、在线旅游（online tour）、内存（memory）、窗口（window）、工作表（worksheet）。其次归纳与 “computer”有关的动词： receive， send， search for， design， type， draw， store， control， restart， print， check， double click， connect， appear， press.当然，此单元的词汇归类还可以从 “computer game” 的角度作为突破口，其效果也会事半功倍。

三、构词与搭配结合策略运用帮助学生巧学活用

初中英语新课标要求初中毕业生的词汇量为1500～1600 个单词和200～300个固定搭配及习惯用语。不少学生由于基础薄弱，教与学的方法欠佳，往往感到学习词汇“难于上青天”，甚至产生厌学情绪。为此，教师只有因势利导的帮助学生通过摸索构词规律来认识新词，牢固掌握新词，学习兴趣倍增。所谓构词法，主要包括派生构词法（Derivation）和合成构词法（Compounding）两种。我们在引导学生学习合成词时，一定要让学生弄明白它的构成成份，让学生在理解的基础上识记如下单词：

sandstorm，football，classroom，blackboard，downstairs，world-famous，well-known， horse-riding， hard-working等。

英语派生词大部分由词根加后缀构成，其中构成名词的后缀有： -er， -or， -ist（表示人），诸如： visitor， teacher， scientist等；-ness， -（a）tion， -ment，-dom，-ty，（表事物），诸如： freedom， happiness， movement， preparation， safety 等；形容词后缀的有： -ous， -full， -less， -ive， -able， -al， -y， -en 等。

初中英语派生词还包括前缀派生词，其中，前缀一般会引起意义上的变化，但不会造成词类的转变；当然，有些前缀能构成反义词，诸如： un-， dis-， in-， im-， ir-， il-。但是，前缀中还有极少数表示其他意思的，譬如： fore-（预先，前），re-（重新），inter-（之间的，相互），mis-（错误地），kilo-（一千）等。

小学牛津英语词汇教学初探 第4篇

一、直观演示, 激发学生的学习兴趣

词汇是比较抽象的符号, 学生在学习单词时往往感到枯燥乏味, 因此, 采用图片、实物等直观演示法开展词汇教学是行之有效的办法。

图片演示是一种最普通的演示教学法, 目前使用的《牛津小学英语》教材最大的优点是图文并茂, 即:在出示新单词时都配有图片, 学生心眼合一, 学生在浓厚兴趣的前提下牢固相应的词汇。诸如学习zebra, bear, elephant等这一类单词时配有相应的图片, 尤其是色彩鲜亮的卡通图画很能诱发学生的好奇, 有效调动了学生学习积极性。因此, 我们一定要利用好书本上的插图, 但是, 不能满足于文本中针对新单词的配图, 还需要有所创新, 从而避免陷入单一的教学模式, 以利克服学生认知疲劳。

与其它学科相比, 小学英语学科最大的特点就是适合教师把相应的实物搬进课堂, 从而使学生觉得这不是正襟为坐的课堂, 为营造轻松愉快的教学氛围奠定了基础。譬如, 我在执教《牛津小学英语》4A中short, big, long, smal时, 就作了如下设计:课前先将自己的鞋和衣服与一位身材比较高女生对调, 在进入师生互动的过程中, 我指着自己的shoes和coat说:“Look, my shoes are too small.My coat is too short.”当学生明白了我的意思后, 我指着那位学生的shoe和coat引导学生和我一起说:“Look, her shoes are too big Her coat is too long.”此时, 课堂气氛几乎进入高潮, 我稍加点拨道:“She looks so funny.”如此的教学过程, 使学生学习so funny水到渠成, 以后只要读到so funny就会想到这精彩的一幕。

二、聚沙成塔, 汇聚词汇量效果显著

掌握拼读单词的基本规律是小学生记住单词的前提条件, 由于小学牛津英语教材中没有完整的提供教授语音的知识, 因此, 我们在新单词教学中务必渗透语音知识, 当然, 也不能采取拔苗助长方法, 也就是不可以把48个音素立竿见影式灌输给学生, 一般可以把语音教学灵活渗透到单词教学中, 从而使学生通过大量地识记单词来提高语音拼读的能力。只有这样, 才能有效培养学生学好英语的兴趣与自信心, 达到聚沙成塔的效果。譬如, 我在执教单词bed时, 先用简笔画呈现一张床, 再板书单词bed, 并领读这个单词, 使学生的视觉、听觉等感官协调发展;接着, 合理渗透元音音素[e]的教学, 让学生感悟单词bed中含有元音音素[e];最后, 引导学生写出一系列含有该音素的单词:Ben, egg, get, yes, let, 并让学生认读, 从而感知读音规律相同的单词。又如, 我在引导学生学单词cow时, 出示了now, clock, how, cat这些单词的卡片, 同时渗透辅音音素[au]和[k]的教学。通过类似的日积月累, 有利于学生进一步掌握字母的基本发音规律, 逐步养成拼读单音节单词的习惯。

三、安排游戏, 让学生在潜移默化中学好词汇

在平时, 学生一直靠机械性识记单词和词组往往导致学生厌学情绪, 那么, 如何扭转这一被动局面呢?比较有效的方法是让学生参与愉快的游戏活动中复习巩固词汇, 在玩中学, 在学中玩。众所周知:复习巩固词汇的游戏很多, 我在实践中瞄准教学契机, 使用丰富多彩的游戏活动来帮助学生复习巩固词汇。譬如, 猜谜语巧记单词:有一动物的腿是四根柱子, 身体是一堵厚墙, 两个耳朵就是扇子, 你猜是什么动物?许多学生听后迅速回答:“elephant”, 此谜语虽然简单, 但能有效调节课堂气氛, 激发学生自主探究的兴趣;再如, 我在执教单词“duck、pig、horse、chicken”时, 先通过多媒体展示各种动物的嚎叫声音放, 接着要求他们听声音猜相应的动物, 学生兴趣盎然, 教学效果显著。除了猜谜语外, 我还经常使用猜词法请两个学生上讲台完成猜词游戏, 甲同学在乙同学背上写单词, 乙同学负责猜单词, 这样的游戏虽然不能滥用, 但是效果也是不错的, 既练习了单词, 又能达到寓教于乐的效果。可见, 在小学英语词汇教学中, 作为一名英语教师只有创设创造行之有效的游戏, 才能让使学生轻松愉快的学好单词。

春风杨柳万千条, 教学改革路途遥, 学好词汇多渠道, 课堂效率要提高。在小学牛津英语词汇教学中, 加强词汇教学的直观性、趣味性、整体性是比较复杂的工程, 我们必须顺应时代改革潮流, 根据课堂教学内容、三维教学目标和小学生的身心特点, 尽量采取丰富多彩的教学模式, 不断激发学生的学习兴趣, 以达到课堂教学的最佳效果。

摘要：春风杨柳万千条, 教学改革路途遥, 学好词汇多渠道, 课堂效率要提高。本文作者坚持因材施教原则, 大胆尝试行之有效的小学牛津英语词汇教学模式, 从直观演示、聚沙成塔和安排游戏三个方面论述了小学英语词汇教学的新策略。

牛津高中英语词汇教学 第5篇

一﹑我校高中英语词汇教学的误区

我校是一所农村三级达标完全中学，大部分学生来自各乡镇，这些乡镇学校小学时大都没有开设英语课程，有的初中学校甚至连专业英语教师都无法保证，这些生源在高中入学时英语水平参差不齐。而且在英语学习方面，学习态度冷淡，课外几乎没有接触英语课外读物或报刊杂志，同时，我校广大英语教师的词汇教学各有各法，虽然有不少好方法，但不可否认还存在着词汇教学的误区。首先是词汇教学方式上的误区。高中单元词汇量大，而农村学生音标认读能力很差，部分英语教师只好采用大量跟读﹑讲解。他们通常的做法是:利用一段较集中的时间，如早自习，单元第一课时进行词汇集中教学，对着课后单元词汇表，在多次给学生带读的基础上，进行词汇讲解。可见，这种词汇教学手段，脱离了句子和课文。这种孤立的词汇教学方式不仅不能让学生正确理解及掌握词汇的意义及用法，而且，还让学生感到枯燥无味，长此以往就会使学习兴趣减退，厌学情绪渐长。其次是词汇训练的误区。高中英语课时紧高中课时紧﹑教学内容多的现实促使大部分教师促使大部分教师为赶课程进度而忽视词汇训练，大部分教师以单词听写替代词汇检查，以英汉互译作为词汇训练的主要形式，尤其忽视词汇练习；部分重视词汇教学的教师，词汇教学的教师，词汇教学手段单一，或要求学生自己背诵单词表，教师辅助于枯燥无味的单词听写；较好的英语教师课堂上即使能将生词的音﹑形﹑义结合到词汇教学中去，但也只是孤立地就词教词，并未有意识地将词汇纳入到文章语境中去学习其语义及语用。高中英语词汇教学的有效性和多元性是解决词汇教学问题的关键。教师要转变观念，变换角色，转换成一个真正的指导者，通过有意识的教学活动，向学生不断输入词汇学习的策略与方法。

二﹑语境词汇教学的重要性

所谓语境词汇教学，就是在词汇教学中恰当创设语境进行教学。她在英语教学中的作用具体体现在：（1） 语境词汇教学有利于让学生明确词义﹑消除歧义。英语词汇常有一次多义现象，必须建立在语言情境基础上才能有效地理解词义。（2）语境词汇教学有利于直观辨析词汇的语用区别。语境可以提供词义具体用法及它们的搭配，使学生看完语境后就能一目了然。例如，在教学英语非谓语中动词用法时，我设计了以下的例句：

1. Upon hearing the child’s crying, he has to stop to look after the baby instead of burying himself in reading, and the child stopped crying when she saw her father.

2. I remembered I had washed my dirty clothes this morning.

---No, here are your clothes. Do remember to wash them before you go to work.

通过以上对例句的讲解，学生很快就能了解stop和remember的用法。

（3）语境词汇教学有利于提高猜测词义的能力。心理学研究表明:信息处理水平对记忆具有很大的影响，对信息的加工水平越深，信息越能更长时间地保存在记忆中，而根据语境猜测词义就是一种深度的信息处理过程。教会学生在语境中学习词汇，很大程度上提高了学生信息分析处理能力，同时也提高了学生在特定语境中判断词义的能力。

三﹑（一）积极创设段落语篇语境，提高词汇教学的准确性

“一个词和词组，在词典里是孤立的，但一旦用于具体的语篇中，它就形成了整个语篇结构的一部分，与其它词语构成一个有机的编码系统及上下文，并和特定的语境相关联。所以词汇意义不是由词典决定的，而是由语境及上下文决定的。”（李运新，）学习词汇借助于篇章段落，那效果必将事半功倍。

（二）结合时政要闻创设语境，提高词汇教学的实用性

在英语教学中，时政要闻是很好的教材，它具有很强的时效性，贴近生活，贴近社会，往往是社会的热点问题。同时教师在教学中融入一些适合学生英语水平的VOA或BBC新闻素材，相当于将原汁原味的英语引入课堂，给学生创造了真实的情境，同时又让学生了解眼下国内外发生的大事。这种教学方式必将能较大地调动学生的学习积极性。

（三）利用肢体语言创设语境，提高词汇教学的趣味性

我们知道记忆单词要音﹑形﹑义结合，尤其是单词的意义及用法。但是我们又不希望同学们死记硬背。所以，课堂上不妨鼓励学生在记忆当中充分调动自己各种感官的同时让自己动起来，用肢体去演绎词汇的意义，英语众多词汇都可以用肢体语言去表达，如行为动词：look，sound，feel，run，climb，laugh这些动词很容易用肢体去演绎，又如形容词beautiful，ugly，modern，hungry，thirsty，学生在表演这些词的时，煞费苦心，但不乏想象力，往往逗得大家哄堂大笑，赢得满堂喝彩。这样可以大大地调动学习积极性，真正的地成为学习的主体。

（四）利用简笔画插图创设语境，提高词汇教学的直观化

科学研究表明：在所有抵达大脑的信息中，有83.3％是通过视觉，11是通过听觉，3,5是通过嗅觉，1.5是通过触觉，1是通过味觉接受的。可见视觉对信息的接受起着至关重要的作用。因此，越是形象化，直观化的内容越是容易被大脑接受并存储在记忆中。简笔画就有如此的效果。

牛津版中学英语词汇教学方法初探 第6篇

一、初中英语词汇教学存在的问题

就目前的初中英语的词汇教学的情况来看，主要存在着以下的问题：

（一）教师在词汇教学中，脱离句子和文章的内容孤立地讲解词义。不少老师在教授新词时脱离句子和文章的内容，将单词单独罗列出来，抄写在黑板上进行带读和讲解，这种词汇教学不仅很枯燥，也让句子脱离了语境，不利于学生准确把握词汇的意义和用法。不仅如此，有些老师在教学生如何记忆单词时，只会让学生死记硬背，这些都让学生词汇学习之旅困难重重。

（二）教师在词汇的教学中，忽视单词的读音规律，没有让学生学以致用。我们知道，英文单词的发音是有不少规律的，如a在开音节中发[ei]，在闭音节中发[?覸]；字母组合ee发[ⅰ:]等，要是结合读音来记单词效率就会高很多。但是不少老师在讲授单词时，忽视单词的读音规律，只孤立地教生词，学生学习起来的效率也就自然低了。除此之外，不少老师在上课的时候也很少运用英语与学生进行日常会话，这也使得学生对词汇的运用也减少了，正由于英语是一门熟能生巧的语言，所以，对词汇运用的缺失也使得学生对词汇掌握程度变低。

二、学生在学习英语词汇时存在的问题

在初中英语词汇的学习过程中，学生主要存在的问题有：单词发音不准，拼写不准和单词记忆的方法不对这三个问题。许多学生，特别是那些不愿开口说英语的学生，读英语单词的时候常发音不准，甚至很多学生还在英语书上用中文来给单词注音。学生由于没有掌握好单词的发音规律而导致记忆效率低，单词常常拼错。另外，单一的记忆方法也导致学生不能应付日益繁多的单词了，单词的学习障碍也使得学生对学好英语的信心减弱。

三、有效的词汇教学方法

针对牛津初中英语的词汇教学中存在的各种问题，教师们应该采用有效措施来提高学生的词汇学习能力。据笔者看来，适合牛津初中英语词汇的教学方法主要有以下几种：

（一）语境教学法

语境教学法就是将生词放在具体的句子和文章中来教学生。运用语境教学法的一个很好的方式就是让学生造句和用单词填空，例如，老师在上七年级上册的第五单元“Going shopping”的时候，就可以让学生用所学到的“quite”“expensive”等单词造句，如 “The pretty wallet is quite expensive”，在这个句子中学生就能很好的记忆pretty等四个新词。除了造句和填空，教师在上课的时候还应该尽量给学生创造使用英语的情境，作为一种语言，英语也要不断地运用才能掌握，在英语情境中说单词才能让学生的记忆更加深刻，才能让学生熟练运用所学词汇。

（二）反复教学法

据相关的科学研究表明，人的记忆都是有遗忘曲线的。虽然初中生的记忆力不错，但是要是不运用合理的记忆方法也还是不能记好单词。教师在督促学生记忆单词的时候也要遵循记忆曲线的规律，由于学生开始遗忘的都较快，所以教师对于所学单词要不断地复习，采用抽背、听写等交叉方式来督促学生记忆单词，以达到最佳的记忆效果。

（三）联想教学法

联想教学法是指在单词的教学过程中运用联想，将一些看似无关的东西联想起来提高单词的记忆效率的方法。比如教师在上七年级上册 第四单元“Food”单元里的生词的时候，教师可以告诉学生可以用如下的方法来联想：比如我hungry了就要吃饭，我要多吃vegetables,吃像carrot和cabbage之类的有助于身体更加healthy的菜，这样的联想也让记单词变得更加有趣。除此之外，教师还可以鼓励学生对所见到的东西展开联想，如看到老师联想到“teacher”，对应的学生是“student”等，对日常生活的联想不仅有助于学生记忆新词，还能帮助学生复习旧词。

（四）词汇分类教学法

词汇分类教学法就是将单词按照某一共同特点分成一类，来进行共同教学的方法。随着学生学习的深入，所遇到的词汇也更多，分类记忆法有助于提高单词记忆的效率，使学生掌握更多单词。比如：在牛津英语七年级上册的第二单元“My day”里，学生就会接触到星期一到星期五的表达，教师在教生词的时候，可以不按这些生词在教材中的出现顺序，而将它们归为一类来教，学生在记忆时也就很容易记住这几个单词，而且还不容易漏掉。同理，教师在上此书第三单元“Let’s celebrate”的时候，也可以将所遇到的月份的表达归为一类，将星期六和星期天的单词加入到上个单元所学的单词群里，通过单词群的记忆来扩大自己的词汇量。除了星期和月份的单词外，老师在教授单词的时候，还可以将动物、颜色、数字、植物、食物等的表达都归类在一起，方便学生记忆。

除了以上所说的词汇教学方法，教师还可以通过游戏法、歌曲法等方式将学生需要掌握的单词融入进去，让学生在最短的时间里，最大限度地掌握单词。由于词汇是英语学习的基础，因此，笔者认为教师应该不断地反思和总结有效的词汇教学方法，帮助学生找到适合自己的词汇学习方法，进而提高自身的英语水平。

牛津高中英语词汇教学 第7篇

关键词：Word power,板块设计,牛津高中英语词汇教学

一、英语学习中词汇教学的重要性

英国语言学家威尔金斯曾经说：“Without grammar verylittle can be conveyed;without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed. (没有语法人们表达的事物寥寥无几, 而没有词汇人们则无法表达任何事物。) ”由此可见, 词汇教学在语言教学中占有重要的地位, 是贯穿整个英语教学的始终, 是教学中一项繁重而艰巨的任务。veyed.(没有语法人们表达的事物寥寥无几，而没有词汇人们则无法表达任何事物。)”由此可见，词汇教学在语言教学中占有重要的地位，是贯穿整个英语教学的始终，是教学中一项繁重而艰巨的任务。

二、优化词汇教学的重要性和迫切性

在《高中英语课程标准》(以下简称《课标》)中语言知识目标八级词汇要求是：1.运用词汇理解和表达不同的功能、意图和态度;2.在比较复杂的情况下，运用词汇给事物命名、进行指称、描述行为和特征，说明概念等;3.学会使用3500个左右的单词和400500个习惯用语或固定搭配。九级要求则更高：1.学会使用4500个左右的单词和一定数量的习惯用语或固定搭配;2.能根据交际话题、场合和人际关系等相关因素选择较为合适的词语进行交流或表达。可见《课标》大幅度提高了学生掌握词汇量的要求。而《牛津高中英语》教材具有题材广、容量大、适应新时代社会发展的需要的特点，其中词汇量大也是其特点之一。尤其是这一届高一学生在初中使用的是人教版教材，而现在是牛津版教材，他们在大量的新词汇面前手足无措，不知从何处入手，从何词记起，因为牛津教材中出现了许多词汇表中找不到但很常用的词汇。所以，学生们对词汇的学习和记忆“很头疼”，他们迫切需要掌握词汇学习的策略。教师要教授如此大量的词汇，在教学中也得讲究方法和技巧，优化词汇教学。

三、依据Word power板块教学，探索词汇教学策略

牛津高中英语教材中的Word power板块的设计是个杰作，它采用多种生动、灵活的方式来帮助学生学习和记忆单词，给我们如何有效地进行词汇教学指明了方向。这一板块是从两个方面帮助学生学习新的单词，力求快速、高效地扩大学生的词汇量的。一是通过介绍英语单词的构词法(合成、派生、转化等)，帮助学生对所学的单词进行归纳，从中发现规律，同时，根据这些规则向学生介绍更多的符合这些规则的生词;二是根据本单元有关话题，从Word family的角度，向学生介绍该话题的更多生词。我非常欣赏Word power这一板块的设计，并认真研究了各模块Word power板块的设计，结合本校的实际情况，在词汇教学过程中实施了一些教学策略。

（一）词汇教学具有层次性和阶段性。

由于这一届高一学生在初中使用的是人教版教材，而现在是牛津教材，词汇衔接上存在着很大的问题。在实际教学中，我们会发现教材中出现了很多词汇表上没有而学生没学过的常用的单词，如果要求学生每个单词都会拼写、会用，而且还要记忆词汇表上的单词，那么教师和学生都将无法顾及其它教学内容。再加上我校位于农村，农村中学由于受到各方面条件的制约，学生除了课堂学习和课外作业之外，很少有接触英语的机会。与市区及重点中学相比，农村中学学生的英语基础相对比较薄弱，所以，我把单词分为三类：1.会拼、会读、会用，那就是词汇表上的单词;2.会读，能理解，那就是词汇表上没有的而教材中出现的部分常用单词;3.不作任何要求，那就是词汇表上没有的而教材中出现的不常用的单词。因为这些单词以后还会出现在词汇表中的，我们应遵循词汇学习的阶段性。

（二）在情景和语境中进行词汇教学。

将单词放在情景和语境中进行教学，既能理解其意义，又有利于单词在交际场合的正确使用，更有助于提高学生利用情境进行猜词的能力。这一点在Word power板块中最能体现。如模块一Unit 1 Word power板块中的Part C和Unit 2 Word power板块中的Part C等。我受Word power板块设计的启发，总是采取情景和语境教学法。比如模块一Unit 2 Growing pains中出现许多新的形容词和副词：hard, rude, sincerely, upset, selfish, unloving等。在教授这些词汇时，我设计了这样的问题：“What do you think of your classmates?or What qualities(品质)should your classmates have?”让学生进行讨论，于是学生有了以下答案：

My classmate is always hard on himself.I should learn from him.

My classmate is always rude to others.I hope he can respect others.

My classmate always helps me with my subjects sincerely.She is so good.

My classmate always feels upset, for he is not good at English.

My classmate is so selfish that he never lends something to others.

My classmate is unloving, for he never cares about our class.

...

就是在这样的热烈讨论中，学生不知不觉地掌握了这些新词汇的意义和用法。在新课标要求下，不提前教授新词汇，而寓生词于学生的对话、讨论中，在活动中理解和掌握词汇，不失为一种有效的词汇教学策略。

（三）利用英语构词法进行词汇教学。

英语词汇量庞大，但它本身却有其内在规律可寻，掌握构词方法，能够容易突破记忆单词的难关。这一点在Word power板块中也有体现，像模块二Unit 3 Word power板块中的Different jobs部分，介绍在有些动词、名词和形容词后加上后缀可变成表示“人”的名词。我们知道“词根、前缀、后缀是构成单词的三个因素，在构词法上叫词素，词根是主要元素，前后缀为次要元素”。其三者是扩大词汇量的三把钥匙。

1.词缀法是派生的一种，英语词缀分成前缀和后缀两种，加在词根前的叫前缀，加于词后的叫后缀。一般说来，前缀只改变词的意义，但不改变其词类。把词缀同它前面的单词或词根联系起来考察，有助于记住单词的词类和词义。

2.词根具有固定形式和一定的含意，是构成单词的主要成分。一个单词最少含有一个词根，有时也可含有两个或更多个。利用词汇进行词汇教学，可以帮助学生对一些熟知的词有更深刻的了解，得以从许多新字里挑出整个的语族，从而使得他们更加清楚词义，更加有效地记忆单词。

掌握了基本的构词法，学生面对大量的新词汇时就不会手足无措。构词法完全是“授之以渔”的方法。教师教学生学会自学，而不仅仅只是“授之以鱼”。

（四）在游戏活动中进行词汇教学。

在英语词汇教学中加入适当的游戏活动，有利于营造轻松和和谐的课堂氛围，可以寓教于乐，达到落实、巩固词汇的目的。

（五）课后学以致用，在听、说、读、写中加以巩固。

英语学习词汇为本，记忆为首。根据这种特点，我有针对性地给学生布置作业。我要求学生课后大量阅读，朗读课文。因为读文章也是强化单词认知及应用的很好的练习，学生可在阅读中体会生词的用法。我也指导学生运用句型开展口语、对话等听、说、读、写综合活动来学习和巩固词汇，号召学生利用生词表、生词本、生词卡片等手段来加强词汇记忆。

学习有法，学无定法。我们只要在教学中不断总结与尝试，才能发现适合每个学生的学习策略。我们只有训练学生掌握和运用适合他们的词汇学习策略，才能解决他们在词汇学习中的困难，并提高其英语学习的成绩。

参考文献

[1]英语课程标准.

[2]中学英语词汇教学法.华东师范大学出版社.

牛津小学英语词汇教学的几点体会 第8篇

对于小学生来说,《全日制义务教育英语课程标准》中限定的“四会掌握”单词通常在450个以内,这些单词是初学者需要掌握的最常用的词汇,整个小学阶段的单词量一般在1 000个以内。在教材中出现的冷词,如歌曲中出现的生词,韵律诗中出现的生词,这类词汇不会很多,教师在处理时应“点到为止”,不可以拔高要求,那样会挫伤学生的学习兴趣。

一、整体性教学词汇是牛津小学英语教材编写者对我们的要求之一

牛津小学英语教材的四个编写体系是“话题—功能—结构—任务”,这四个方面紧密联系,融为一体,这样的编写有利于学生在掌握语言基本结构的同时获得听、说、读、写的能力。对词汇教学的处理,不是采取机械的听、说、读、写训练,而是融入情境对话之中,使单纯枯燥的词汇教学变得生动有趣,学生乐于接受。

在教学牛津小学英语6B第一单元时,对单词比较级的处理,本人采取了“字不离词,词不离句,句不离篇”的教学方法。如:fast(快的),faster(更快的),slow(慢的),slower(更慢的)的教学步骤是这样的:

(1)找两个学生上台跑步,一个快一个慢,这时启发学生说:Sun Rong runs slow.Zhou Qi runs fast.这样可以得出结论:周奇跑得比孙荣快。开始渗透“比较级”教学。

(2)比较级句式的出现会让学生的注意力很集中,因为之前没有接触过这样的句型。这时教师开始加重语气朗读,而且很慢很慢地说出“周奇跑步比孙荣快”的英文翻译:“Zhou Qi runs faster than Sun Rong.”再逆向思维推出“孙荣跑步比周奇慢”,英文表达为:“Sun Rong runs slower than Zhou Qi.”通过这样的整体教学,既使学生初步了解了比较级的句式,更使学生掌握了单词“快的,更快的,慢的,更慢的”的词义和用法。

(3)为了加深学生对比较级以及词汇的印象,再把上面的两句放到语境之中,让学生体会并学会自己说。

On Friday afternoon,all the students of Grade 6 are in theplayground,look,two children are running.Zhou Qi runs fast,Sun Rong runs slow.Zhou Qi runs faster than Sun Rong.Sun Rong runs slower than Zhou Qi.

在这样的语境之中,让学生自由发挥,说出其他学生的跑步情况,学生会很乐意、很积极地说出好多学生跑步的情况,这样就把比较级句型和四个单词教学融为一体了。

二、十二个月份单词的教学结合节日更有趣味性

牛津小学英语6A第二单元,主要是十二个月份的词汇学习和日期的表达方式。笔者在教学中把十二个月份的单词教学与每个月中的节日紧密联系在一起.

三、把词汇放到诗歌或者游戏中教学,收益事半功倍

(1)教师课前自编韵律诗,把所学单词放到诗歌中诵读,学生读起来琅琅上口,兴趣盎然,教学效果显著。如,在教学牛津小学英语4B第二单元家庭成员时,本人自编了下面的韵律诗:

Grandfather,grandfather,my father's father.

Grandmother,grandmother,my mother's mother.

Father,father,my grandparents'son.

Mother,mother,my grandparents'daughter.

(2)事实证明在小学英语教学中,游戏教学符合小学生的生理和心理特点,能让学生在轻松愉快的气氛中学习英语。在教学牛津小学英语4B第七单元“At a snack bar”时,学习了许多食物和饮料词汇,为了让学生很好地记忆这些比较冷的生词,笔者设计了以下的游戏。

牛津高中英语词汇教学 第9篇

一、初中英语词汇教学存在的问题

就初中英语词汇教学而言, 存在一系列急需要解决的问题, 严重影响课堂教学质量。对于这方面, 可以从这些角度入手。首先, 在课堂教学中, 教师没有意识到英语词汇学习对策指导的重要, 过分重视学期教学任务的完成。以牛津英语教材而言, 词汇量比之前增加了很多。而在记忆这些词汇的时候, 学生大都死记硬背, 效率极其低下, 只能短时间记住这些词汇。更严重的是, 一些学生连基本的音标都不能准确的认识, 不能正确拼读单词, 混淆不同的词汇, 花费大量时间, 能够灵活应用的词汇却很少。其次, 在英语词汇教学中, 教师把重心都放在语音语义方面的教学, 忽视了语境教学的重要性。通常情况下, 教师只是教学生读新的词汇。长此以往, 学生对英语词汇课堂教学毫无兴趣, 不主动进行学习, 阻碍了英语词汇教学。最后, 在课堂教学中, 教师忽视了语言的学习是一个循序渐进的过程, 没有对后期的巩固扩展引起重视。教师一切都以考试为中心, 把所有记忆词汇的方法一次性灌输给学生, 并没有从学生的实际能力出发, 而在后期教学中也不注重对应的扩展学习, 课堂教学效率极其低下。

二、牛津初中英语词汇教学设计

1.需要进行预设性的“前设计”。就前设计而言, 它是指在进行教学活动之前的预设设计, 能够充分体现教学的任务、教学整体状况等各方面。一是:在英语词汇教学中, 教师需要全方位认识一系列相关的因素, 比如, 教学原则、教学主体。由于《牛津初中英语》教材和学生生活实际息息相关, 具有浓浓的时代气息, 需要以任务型的教学模式为主, 创设对应的语言情境, 不断激发学生学习的兴趣, 充分融入到课堂教学中, 培养他们多方面的能力。以此为基础, 教师需要进行具体化的设计操作, 更好地呈现不同单元词汇的操练。就词汇教学而言, 引导学生掌握单词的音、形是其关键所在。因而, 在词汇课堂教学中, 教师要巧妙地安排课堂时间, 对学生进行一定的语音教学, 规范学生的读音, 并引导学生以单词读音规律为切入点来拼写单词。二是:教师需要灵活应用教学方法把单词所表达的意思更好地呈现给学生。 对于这方面, 教师可以借助多媒体辅助工具, 以图片、视频为媒介, 把抽象的词汇知识形象化, 展现给学生, 比如, 关于自然灾害课文的学习, Natural disasters。以此为基础, 来引导学生准确理解各种自然灾害, 并认识到其危害性。创设对应的教学情境, 引导出学生需要掌握的生词、词组。在此过程中, 教师可以巧妙利用拆装复合词、反义对比等方法帮助学生能够学会对生词的意思进行猜测, 还可以提高学习英语词汇的趣味性。以“summertime”为例, 它属于复合词, 可以利用拆装法, 即夏天的时间。由此可知道该单词是夏季的意思。

2.中设计和后设计。在初中英语词汇教学中, 教师需要进行具有即兴性特点的“中设计”。换句话说, 就是在教学活动中进行即兴设计。因而, 在词汇教学中设计方面, 教师要从初中生的个性特征、兴趣爱好出发, 以教学情境的多变性为媒介, 进行即兴教学设计。在教学中, 对话离题是一种常见现象。教师需要巧妙地引导学生, 回到原有的话题上, 有效避免课堂内容严重偏离教学轨道, 浪费有效的课堂时间。在后设计方面, 需要充分展现其反思性特点。在一定程度上, 它能够完善教师的教学设计, 不断提升课堂教学效率, 帮助教师更好地进行课堂教学。对于这方面, 教师需要经常进行总结, 明确词汇教学中的难点与重点, 找到更有效的教学方法, 充分利用艾宾斯遗忘曲线所具有的先快后慢的规律, 指引学生更好地记忆单词。就牛津版初中英语词汇而言, 词汇之间的复现率非常低, 词汇量很大, 教师需要进行系统而具体的教学设计。

三、结语

总而言之, 在牛津初中英语词汇教学中, 对应的教学设计发挥着不可替代的作用。它有利于教师明确初中词汇教学的难点与重点, 不断完善已有的课堂教学方法。它能够完善学生学习英语的方法, 更加科学的记忆单词, 能够灵活应用, 注重语言知识之间的连接性, 不断提高学习英语的效率, 还能使他们把理论与实践相融合, 注重知识的应用, 不断提升他们的英语交际能力, 成为新时代下需要的应用型人才。

参考文献

[1]聂进梅.浅谈牛津初中英语词汇教学存在的问题及对策[J].科学大众 (科学教育) , 2012, 11:51.

[2]鲁红玉.初中英语词汇教学设计初探[J].现代阅读 (教育版) , 2013, 10:90-91.

牛津高中英语词汇教学 第10篇

一、采取以旧带新, 实现触类旁通

小学的汉语会话能力比较弱, 至于学习英语则更难, 尤其低年级学生认读英语单词的障碍甚多。因此, 教师采取以旧带新的教学方法比较适合小学生的身心特点;同时, 坚持音形义的有机结合, 从而取得比较理想的教学效果。譬如, 我在执教单词bear时, 先复习已经学过的单词pear, 接着将p改写成b, 此时能勾起学生音形之间的联想, 最后, 我在在新单词旁画上一只北极熊, 表示所学单词的本义。这样的简单过程, 很自然地将一个词的音、形、义结合在一起, 学生也很快掌握了bear一词。类似的教学案例很多, 诸如purse和nurse;cat和cap;tie和pie;hot和got;bike和like;sun和fun;bad和dad;walk和talk;all, tall, fall, wall, call和small等。假如经过长期的训练, 就能收到触类旁通的效果, 学生的学习词汇的能力稳步提高。

二、夯实字母基础, 提高记忆能力

26个字母小学英语教学中最基本的知识, 每一个学生务必烂熟于心。假如学生没有熟练掌握英文字母熟练, 那给以后的学生带来很大的麻烦。因此, 我注重夯实学生的字母基础, 坚持采取如下丰富多彩的教学方法:其一, 有的放矢的引导学生快速认读字母, 利用卡片上课前制作哈珀一个或者几个字母, 快速闪现几下, 让学生随之读出;其二, 有时候先出示一个字母, 然后让学生快速说出其前面和后面字母;其三, 给字母排队, 方法是先出示若干个顺序倒乱的字母, 接着让学生按顺序排队。在践行上述教学方法的同时, 还得加强字母的拼音读法和英语读法的比较, 把比较容易出的字母组合在一起, 并且反复滚动性出现课堂上, 使学生正确掌握字母的拼读法。

学生随着字母的牢固掌握, 拼读记忆词汇的能力也同步提高, 为此, 我们把必须加强记忆词汇的训练, 诸如每天布置适量的背诵作业和抄写作业, 第二天进行默写检测, 力争全部过关, 以利学生在大脑中构建认知结构, 从而起到“滚雪球”的功效。

三、用直观呈现法, 激发学习兴趣

直观呈现比较适合小学生的身心特点, 它包括图片呈现、笔画呈现、实物呈现、和现代多媒体辅助呈现等。我们在词汇教学中通过直观呈现教学的过程, 能有效激发学生的学习兴趣, 使学生在视听有机结合的基础上加强了词汇的记忆。譬如, 我在进行水果类单词教学时, 就应用了实物呈现教学法;针对自行车 (bike) 、小公共汽车 (bus) 、汽车 (car) 和飞机 (plane) 等交通工具类的单词, 我就一边展示这些单词的图片, 一边作相应的介绍, 并把单词拼写在黑板上;在执教教学动物类单词时, 我采用了笔画呈现法, 诸如在引导学生学习5A中“duck”这一单词时, 先在黑板上素描 (简单笔画) 小鸭的前半身, 然后让学生去猜, 当学生把单词猜中后, 最后再把简笔画补全, 这种简单的笔画呈现法既提高了学生的学习兴趣, 又让学生在潜移默化中巩固旧单词, 教学效果一举两得、美不胜收。

四、归纳联想结合, 优化记忆效应

现代心理学研究表明:储存在大脑里的词汇恰似树枝一样互相连接着, 因此被人称作“记忆树”。实践证明:凡是“记忆树”上的知识脉络结构越紧密, 连接点和触发点就越多, 那学生也就越能牢记的单词, 遗忘率是最低的。因此, 我们在指导学生进行复习词汇时, 一定要善于把繁杂的词语加以整理, 并且在它们之间建立起具有内在联系的知识链, 使之更符合小学生的记忆习惯。诸如在六年级的学年词汇总复习时, 往往布置如下家庭作业:让学生把动物类、水果类、家具类、动作类和服装类等单词进行罗列, 学生一般能及时、认真、正确的完成, 有些优秀生甚至罗列教材中没出现过的词汇, 从而提高复习效率, 拓宽学生的词汇量。当然, 我还按照同义词、反义词、同音词、合成词等联想方式, 将许多词汇按一定的关系合放在一起, 从而巩固复习的宗旨。诸如让学生说出“fat、high、laugh、put on、get off”的反义词, “there、hear、see”的同音词, 以及让学生联想出由“room”合成的合成词等, 从而达到优化记忆效应的目的。

五、巧妙穿插儿歌, 提高课堂效率

前苏联教育家苏霍姆林斯基指出:人类的智力活动都要依赖于兴趣。鉴于儿歌具有朗朗上口、趣味性强的特点, 我们在课堂教学中可以灵活根据教学内容、学生的整体素质创作 (或选取) 儿歌来帮助学生轻松、愉快的掌握有关单词。譬如, 我在执教牛津英语4A中的动物类单词时就编了这样一首儿歌:喵喵a cat, 汪汪a dog, 眼圈黑黑a panda, 齐天大圣a monkey, 森林之王a tiger, 狮子王a lion, 笨笨的熊a bear, 蹦蹦跳跳rabbit.此首儿歌朗朗上口, 学生易学易懂。

牛津高中英语词汇教学 第11篇

一、通过联想，加深学生对词汇的理解和记忆

在课堂教学中，教师只有正确引导学生围绕一个主题来联想单词，才能使学生脑海中的旧词和新词纷联系起来，才能达到温故而知新的目的。譬如，我在教学牛津英语8A Unit4 Wild Animals时，开门见山地向学生提问： “What do you think of when I say ‘Giant Panda’？” 并要求学生把联想到的单词全部写在纸上，不到三分钟，不少学生一口气写出了二十多个单词，思维敏锐的学生写出的单词甚至多达三十个。学生联想到的单词主要有： white， bear， fat， black， zoo， strong， forest， bamboo shoot， mountain， bamboo， nature reserve， slowly， protect， rare， wild animal， die， dangerous （in danger）， hunter， fur， peaceful， quiet等。在此过程中，英语基础好的学生向大家展示了自己丰富的词汇量，赢得了师生的一致好评；那些基础较差的学生也享受到了联想单词的快乐，同时也学会了一些新的、非常实用的单词，诸如：高山（mountain）、竹笋（bamboo shoot）、稀有的（rare）、自然保护区（nature reserve）……联想词汇法一般适用于进入一个新的单元时的新课导入，教师采用联想词汇法来引入这个单元或这节课的主题时，学生的良好表现总是出人意料，也会取得事半功倍的教学效果。

二、创设情境，激发学生学习单词的积极性

教师在课堂教学中巧妙地创设生活化的教学情境，有利于学生在轻松愉快的氛围中学习单词。虽然教学情境是模拟的，但仍会让学生感觉置身于真正的日常生活情境之中。为了让学生学习打电话的常用语言，我带了两部手机让学生来模拟真实通话。例如，A： Hello！ May I speak to Jim？ B： I’m sorry. He isn’t here. Can I take a message for you？ A： OK！ This is Kate. My telephone number is 87654321. B： All right. A： Thank you very much. Bye. B： Bye. 当然，教师还可以创设借物、购物、问路、邀请和探望病人等生活中的交际情境，让学生饶有兴致地学习英语，从而提高课堂教学效率。

三、归类总结，提高学生记忆单词的能力

在新课程改革背景下，学生的主体地位越来越突出。教师引导学生进行归类和总结，不仅能有效激活学生学习英语的积极性和创造性，而且能为学生的语言综合运用能力奠定坚实的基础。学生通过归类和总结，能够从被动学习的状态中解脱出来，从而积极主动地对知识进行梳理和汇总；同时，在教师的恰当指导下，真正实现自主探究学习的目标。如牛津初中英语8B Unit3 Online Travel是有一定难度但又相当实用的单元，总共包含九十二个生词，其中六十五个四会词。我在教学这个单元的时候尝试采用化零为整的归类方法，紧紧围绕与 computer 有关的词汇进行搜集和整理。与Computer相关的名词有：键盘（keyboard）、屏幕（screen）、软盘（floppy disk）、键（key） 、图标（icon）、硬盘（hard disk）、光标（cursor）、打印机（printer）、光盤（CD-ROM）、鼠标（mouse）、指令（instruction）、程序（program）、电子辞典（e-dictionary）、电子邮件（e-mail）、文字处理（word processing）、设置（setting）、工作表（worksheet）、内存（memory）、窗口（window）。至于与computer有关的动词则包括： search for， receive， draw， design， send， print， store， control， restart， check， connect， type， appear， press， double click。当然，该单元的词汇也可以从computer game的角度进行整理，教师只要大胆尝试，就会取得意想不到的效果。

四、直观教学，让学生在轻松愉快的教学氛围中学习单词

牛津高中英语词汇教学 第12篇

一、引入思维导图掌握新词

研究发现,用全英的解释方式去解释一个全新的英语词汇能够使学生更容易理解和掌握。英语词汇中存在着许多的一词多义的现象。利用构建思维导图来将一些一词多义体现在直观的网络图中,能够帮助学生分辨这些词的不同意义, 一方面能够帮助学生归纳出这个词所涵盖的所有含义,另一方面还可以使学生识记单词的方式更加灵活,极大的提高了学生的学习效率。尤其是许多单词具有不同的词性,词性不同时,它的含义也不同。

例如,“cook”这个单词,是一个十分常见的单词,绝大多数学生都知道这个单词的含义是“厨师”,然而当将这个词的词性变为动词时,它含有“煮,烹调”的含义,这个层面的含义很多学生都无法短时间内记住。当面对这样的词汇时,教师可以通过思维导图,利用图形在学生头脑中建立一张知识网络。教师可以引导学生将“cook”这个单词作为思维导图的出发点,根据不同的词性分出两条分支,再将与词性相匹配的含义和用法填入其中。这样的思维导图能够帮助学生在不断的词汇学习中,建立自己的词汇库,对每一个词汇的学习都更加全面。与之类似的还有 “lie”这个单词, 它具有十分广泛的意义和用法,如作名词时有“位置、状态”等含义,作为动词时既可以表达“躺、平放”的含义, 还可以是“欺骗、说谎”的意思,因此这类较为难以全面记牢的词汇可以通过清晰简洁的思维导图来体现出它每个含义之间的联系和区别,方便学生的记忆和理解。

二、引入思维导图把握词根

与汉字中的偏旁部首的作用一样,掌握词根和词缀对于学习英语词汇十分重要。词根和词缀是英语词汇学习的基础,每一个都具有特定的意义和规律,并且它们的意义与词汇本身的含义具有十分紧密的联系。因此,加强词根词缀在思维导图中的应用,能够最大程度的拓展学生的词汇量。

例如“dis”这个前缀用于英语词汇当中,通常是表现相反的词义,如“apear”(出现)前面加上“dis”,成为 “disapear”词义就变成了与之相反的“消失”。在利用这类的词根词缀进行构建思维导图时,教师应先将这些词缀的意思和用法向学生讲解清楚,然后再引导学生发散思维,在自己的认知范围内找出与之相关的词汇,并将这些词汇分组, 最后根据这些词汇和分组,构建出完整的思维导图。利用这个思维导图可以将看上去毫无联系的词汇互相联系起来,方便学生的记忆。

三、引入思维导图掌握同类词汇

牛津初中英语教材中的内容趣味性更强,所涉及到的词汇也更加繁杂,其中有许多词汇都是按照表示同一类意义的词汇进行编纂的。因此在学习这些同类的词汇时,学生容易出现混淆和记忆混乱的现象。将思维导图引入到这类词汇中,能够帮助学生形成一个直观的知识网络,不但辨别开来这些词汇,更能够有效的增加学生的词汇量。

例如在牛津初中英语教材7A Unit 4 Food中着重介绍了许多英语中关于平时常见的食物的英语表达方式,如coke:a cold drink等。教师在讲解这类词汇时,可以将“food”作为思维导图的出发点或者重点依据,可以根据可数名词和不可数名词将之分为两大类,再通过词义上的区别分为更多的小分支,不但能够帮助学生高效的记住可数名词和不可数名词之间的区别和联系,将单元模块中涉及到的可数名词和不可数名词明确的区分开来,还能够帮助学生对这些词汇进行强化的记忆。

四、引入思维导图突出中心词

英语词汇中,许多单词都是根据某个中心词进行展开的,这些中心词的作用与上文提到的词根词缀具有异曲同工之妙。例如,“write”(写)作为中心词时可以引申出 “writer”(作家,作者);“day”作为中心词可以引申出 “daybreak”、“everyday”等等。将这些中心词的主要词义牢牢记住,并以它们为出发点构建出网状思维导图,将它们的引申含义标记清楚,能够帮助学生提高词汇量,同时这种自主组装式的学习模式更具有趣味性,不但能够激发学生对词汇学习的兴趣还能够培养学生的创新能力。

五、结论

总之,牛津初中英语这套教材与其他英语教材的区别在于,它含有广泛的词汇量,同时具有更加科学的融合性和拓展性,因此在英语词汇教学过程中对教师提出了一个挑战。 运用思维导图,根据英语中的一些特定规律将这些广泛冗杂的英语单词联系起来,创建出适合于学生学习思维的知识网络,不但能够丰富学生的词汇库,还能够培养学生科学的识记习惯,为学好英语打下重要的基础。

参考文献

[1]陈尔佳.小议初中英语词汇教学—思维导图法[J].科教文汇(中旬刊).2014.01:130-131.