不定式考点例析

不定式考点例析（精选5篇）

不定式考点例析 第1篇

1、动词不定式作主语

动词不定式作主语有两种形式:一种是直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置上;另一种是用it作形式主语,而真正的动词不定式主语则放在后面。通过总结教学要求,后一种是学生应该重点掌握的。

(1) 把不定式 置于句首 :To be working all day long is a bore.

(2)it作形式主语应该重点掌握五个考点:第一个是It+be+名词+to do,例如:It is not a good thing to be late.迟到不是一种好的行为;第二个是固定句式It takes sb. + some time + to do,例如 :It takes me long time to finish my homework.家庭作业花费了我好长时间才完成;第三个是It be+形容词+for sb.+to do,例如:It would be wrong for people to marry for money.人们为了钱而结婚是错误的。

2、动词不定式作宾语

动词不定式作宾语的情形较多,初中阶段学生重点掌握下面两个考点:

(1)“动词+不定式”结构。重点记忆应用这种特殊结构的单词:care,appear,agree,decide,choose,hope,fail,mean,lean,plan,wish,seem,tend,refuse,undertake等。

(2)既可以是“动词+不定式”结构,又可以是“动词+宾语+不定式”结构,重点记忆下面单词:ask, beg,choose, help, like, need, promise, love, wish, want,prepare等。

3、动词不定式作表语

动词不定式作表语这个知识点需要了解的几点:

(1)不定式可以放在be动词后面形成表语,例如:My work is to clean the room everyday.我每天的工作就是打扫房间。

(2)动词不定式作表语表示具体或者将来的动作,而动名词作表语表示的是抽象的一般行为。例如:To see is to believe. / Seeing is believing.眼见为实。

(3)当主语和表语都是不定式时,一部分表示条件,一部分表示结果。例如:To be kind to enemy is to be cruel to the people.对敌人仁慈就是对自己残忍。

(4)当主语是aim,hope,idea,plan等一类名词或是what引导的名词性从句,动词不定式说明的是主语的内容。例如:My chief purpose is to point out the diffi-culties of the matter. 我主要的目的是为了指出问题的困难之处 。What I would suggest is to put off the meeting.我的建议是推迟会议。

4、动词不定式作状语

动词不定式作状语表示原因、目的或者结果,一般放在被修饰词语的后面,但是如果是表示目的,为了强调时可以放在句首。在这一知识点中,学生常区分不清不同的成分,笔者根据教学实践,建议从这三个用处来讲解:

(1)作目的状语。常用的短语包括:so as to,in or-der to,so...as to...,to...only to等。例如 :She ran so fast in order to catch the last bus.她跑得如此之快为了是赶上最后一班公交车。

(2)作结果状语。动词不定式作结果状语往往是为了表达事先没有料到的情况,一般放在句子后面。例如:He get away only to leave his girlfriend at the air-port.他逃跑了,结果将他的女朋友留在了机场。

(3)作原因状语。动词不定式做原因状语一般跟在表示高兴、愉快和生气等形容词之后,以说明之所以高兴、愉快和生气的原因。例如:I am very pleased to be invited to speak here.能受邀来这里讲话,我很高兴。

5、动词不定式作定语

动词不定式作定语一般置于被修饰名词或者代词之后,具体表示与被修饰词之间的关系:

(1)表示将来的动作。例如:The next airplane to arrive is from New York.即将到达的下一趟飞机来自纽约。

(2)与被修饰词语之间是被动的关系,但是在逻辑上又属于主谓关系。这类结构较为典型,重点记忆典型结构即可。例如:Do you have anything to say on the question? 在这个问题上你又什么要说的吗?

(3)与被修饰词之间是动宾关系,如果是不及物动词则需要加 介词。例 如 :Would you please give me some paper to write on? 你可以给我一些纸写东西吗?

不定式常见用法例析 第2篇

用法一：作主语

It？蒺s standard practice for a company like this one a security officer.

A.employed B.being employed C.to employ D.employs

解析 本题考查固定句型：It+be+n+for sb./sth. to do...，考点为不定式作主语，故答案为C。

对不定式作主语的考查，常常以固定句型的形式出现，主要有以下5种句型：

①It+be+名词+to do...

e.g.：It？蒺s our duty to take good care of the old.

②It+be+形容词+for sb.+to do...

e.g.：It is difficult for us to finish the task in an hour.

③It+be+形容词+of sb.+to do...

e.g.：It is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says.

④It takes sb.+some time+to do...

e.g.：How long did it take you to finish the work？

⑤It seems+形容词+to do...

e.g.：It seemed impossible to save money.

只要熟记这些句型，不定式作主语的题目就能迎刃而解了。

用法二：作宾语

1.David threatened his neighbor to the police if the damage were not paid.

A.to be reported B.reporting C.to report D.having reported.

2.Susan wanted to be independent of her parents.She tried alone，but she didn？蒺t like it and moved back home.

A.living B.to live C.to be living D.having lived

解析 1.考查不定式作宾语。threatened的后面只能接不定式作宾语，句中表示“大卫威胁邻居如果损害没有得到赔偿，他将报警”。故答案为C。

考点分析：下列动词后面只能接不定式作宾语：决心学会想希望，设法拒绝愿假装，主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。这一顺口溜对应下列单词：decide/determine，learn，want，hope/wish/expect ，manage，refuse，care，pretend，offer，promise，choose，plan，agree，ask/beg，help。我们记住了这个顺口溜，做题的时候就能事半功倍了。

2.考查不定式和动名词作宾语时的区别。此时要注意区分：try doing 意为“尝试做……”， 而try to do 意为”努力去做…… ”。根据句意“苏珊不想再依靠父母，她尝试独自居住但并不喜欢 ，最后又搬回了家”确定答案为 A。类似的词还有can？蒺t help，go on，mean，forget，remember，regret，stop 及try，要注意他们后面跟动名词和不定式时意义上的区别。

牛刀小试：

1.The boy pretended when his motherentered.

A .reading B.to read C.to be reading D.being read

2.Nervous and anxious ，Jill failed a good impression at the job interview.

A.to have made B.making C.to make D.having made

3.We find it impossible for the work ahead of time.

A.to finish B.finishing C.being finished D.to be finished

4.—What about your adventure in the forest last week？

—Wonderful！I didn？蒺t expect there so many lovely monkeys！

A.to be B.being C.of being D.be

答案 1.C 2.A 3.D 4.A

用法三：作表语

Ladies and gentlemen，please remain until the plane has come to a complete stop.

A.seated B.seating C.to seat D.seat

解析 不定式作表语常考查系动词remain后面的情况。remain作“尚待，留待”讲时，后加“to be done”作表语；remain作“仍然”时，后面加现在分词或过去分词作表语。因此答案为B。

用法四：作定语

1.There are still many problems before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.

A.solving B.solved C.being solved D.to be solved

2.The airport next year will help promote tourism in this area.

A.being completed B.to be completed C.completed D.having been completed

不定式作后置定语时，修饰前面的名词或代词，表示不定式动作尚未发生或将要进行。

解析 1.在there be 结构中，当说话人强调的是必须有人去完成某件事情时，不定式用主动形式；如果说话人强调的是事情本身必须被完成，不定式则用被动形式。本题题意为“在我们准备在月球上长期生活之前，还有很多问题有待于解决。”分析句子结构得知，空处在句中作定语。又根据语境可知此处表示没有发生的事情，应用不定式，又因为solve和problems之间为动宾关系，因此用不定式的被动式，故选择D。

2.分析句子结构得知，空处在句中作定语。又根据语境可知此处表示没有发生的事情，应用不定式，又因为complete和airport之间为动宾关系，因此用不定式的被动式，故选择B。

牛刀小试：

1.The pressure causes Americans to be energetic，but it also puts them under a constant emotional strain.

A.to compete B.to be competed C.competing D.having competed

2.Could you find someone ？

A.for me to play tennis with B.for me to play tennis

C.play tennis with D.playing tennis

3.With a lot of difficult problems ，the newly-elected president is having a hard time.

A.settled B.settling C.to settle D.being settled

答案 1.A 2.A 3.C

用法五：作状语

1.Group activities will be organized after class children develop team spirit.

A.helping B.having helped C.helped D.to help

2. ourselves from the physical and mental tensions，we each need deep thought and inner quietness.

A.Having freed B.Freed C.To free D.Freeing

解析 1.分析句子可知道这里需要目的状语，句意为“为了帮助孩子们培养团队精神，下课后将组织小组活动”。目的状语通常用不定式表示。故选择D。

2.根据题干和句意可知本题考查不定式作目的状语，相对于上一题，本题结构更清晰。句意为“为了让我们从身体和精神的紧张中放松下来，我们都需要深刻的思考和内心的平静。”故选择C。综合这两题，我们得出结论：目的状语通常用动词不定式表示。

牛刀小试：

1.George returned after the war，only that his wife had left him.

A.to be told B.telling C.being told D.told

2.The air is very hard to in Tibet because of the high altitude.

A.breath in B.be breathed in C.breath D.be breathed

答案 1.A 2.C

用法六：作补语

Ⅰ.作宾语补足语

1.I advised him smoking ，but he wouldn？蒺t listen.

A.give up B.to give up C.giving up D.to be given up

2.Whom would you like with you，John or me？

A.go B.have gone C.have go D.to go

解析 这两题考查一些动词后面用动词不定式作宾语补足语的情况。常见的结构为：advise/allow/ask/expect/encourage/get/invite/like/persuade/remind/require/suppose/tell/want/warn/wish/would like/call on/depend on+sb.+（not） to do sth.。故第1题选择B，第2题选择D。

Ⅱ.作主语补足语

1.Passengers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.

A.to carry B.carrying C.to be carried D.being carried

2.He is thought foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.

A.to act B.to have acted C.acting D.having acted

解析 主语补足语的出现是因为原来含有宾语补足语的句子变成了被动句，因此，原来的宾语就变成了新句子的主语，那么原来的宾语补足语就变成了新句子的主语补足语了。因此，我们做题的时候只要将结构还原成原来的主动句就可以了。

1.分析题目知道句意是“旅客仅被允许携带一件手提行李上飞机”，permit sb. to do sth.结构变成被动为sb.be permitted to do sth.，因此选项为A。

2.本题考查sb./sth. be said/believed/known/supposed/reported/considered/found/thought...+to do sth./to be done/to have done/to have been done，本结构中，用to do表示尚未发生的动作，用to have done表示已经发生的动作。根据句意“他被认为表现得很愚蠢”，表示已经发生了的动作，故选择B。

牛刀小试：

1.They knew her very well.They had seen her up from childhood.

A.grow B.grew C.was growing D.to grow

2.The teacher asked us so much noise.

A.don？蒺t make B.not make C.not making D.not to make

3.My advisor encouraged a summer course to improve my writing skills.

A.for me taking B.me taking C.for me to take D.me to take

4.The flu is believed by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.

A.causing B.being caused C.to be caused D.to have caused

5.—Is Bob still performing？

—I？蒺m afraid not.He is said the stage already as he has become an official.

A.to have left B.to leave C.to have been left D.to be left

动词不定式考点聚焦 第3篇

【考点分析】在see, watch, hear, feel, notice, look at, listen to等感官动词和have, let, make等使役动词后, 以及在句型Would/Could you please...?Why not...?would rather...than..., had better..., prefer to do...rather than...后面都要用不带to的动词不定式。

【典型考题】

1.What about playing football this afternoon, Sam?I would rather at home than football.It’s too hot outside. (2007年江苏南京) A.stay;playing B.stay;play C.to stay;to play D.to stay;playing

2.Dear, why not moneyby yourself for your 8th birthday present?Good idea.I’ll not let a pence (便士) go to waste. (2006年山东) A.save B.spend C.keep D.make

3.When you are sleeping, you had better all your windows closed. (2006年江苏南通) A.don’t keep B.not keep C.not to keep D.not keeping

4.Internet bars mustn’t let people under 18 in or let anybody bad things. (2005年上海) A.watch B.to watch C.watching D.watches

Keys:1.B 2.A.3.B 4.A

【友情提示】

①主动语态中, 使役动词、感官动词后面接不定式作宾语补足语时不带to。但在被动语态中, 不定式作主语补足语时, 不定式前应带to。

②在see, hear, watch, find, feel等感官动词后可接不带to的不定式, 也可接现在分词, 它们的区别是:不定式表示动作的全过程;现在分词表示动作正在发生。

【典型考题】

1.Do you often see William on the playground?No, but he is often seen Chinese Kungfu in the park. (2007年山东潍坊) A.run;play B.run;to play C.running;play D.running;to play

2.Students can’t be made all day. (2007年甘肃六市) A.study B.to study C.of study D.studied

3.When they went into the park they saw someone Chinese Kungfu. (2005年黑龙江) A.plays B.played C.to play D.playing

Keys:1.B 2.B 3.D

六、考查动词不定式作状语的用法

【考点分析】动词不定式作状语修饰动词, 表示行为的目的、结果或原因等。为了强调目的, 有时可把不定式放在句首, 或在不定式前面加in order或so as。如果不定式为否定式, 要用in order not to...或so as not to...。

【典型考题】

1.Linda, I am very thirsty.Let’s go to the nearest supermarket some drinks, OK? (2007年重庆) A.buy B.bought C.to buy D.buying

2.What should I do, doctor?healthy, you should take more exercise. (2007年江西) A.Keep B.Keeping C.To keep D.Having kept

3.Yesterday morning I got up early be late for the exam. (2004年上海) A.in order to B.in order to not C.so as not to D.so as to

Keys:1.C 2.C 3.C

七、考查动词不定式的否定式

【考点分析】动词不定式的否定形式常是在不定式to前面加上not, 如是不带to的不定式就在动词原形前加上not。

【典型考题】

1.What did your monitor say to you just now?He told me in half way. (2007年新疆生产建设兵团) A.didn’t run B.not to runC.don’t run D.not run

2.The doctor advised him any more. (2007年宁夏) A.not smoke B.not to smoke C.don’t smoke D.doesn’t smoke

3.Be careful!The water is too hot.You’d better it right now. (2005年吉林) A.do not drink B.not to drink C.not drink D.not drinking

Keys:1.B 2.B 3.C

八、考查“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法

【考点分析】不定式可以和疑问代词who, what, which或疑问副词when, where, how, why以及连接词whether连用, 构成不定式短语, 在句中可作主语、宾语和表语等。

【典型考题】

1.I don’t know next.You’d better finish you homework first. (2007年青海A.what to do B.where to go C.what to leave

2.She reads the instructions to find out how the computer. (2007年浙江杭州) A.use B.to use C.using D.uses

3.Do you know for a picnic?Children’s Park. (2006年辽宁大连) A.what to buy B.how to get C.where to go D.when to start

Keys:1.A 2.B 3.C

九、考查动词不定式的省略

【考点分析】在口语中, 动词不定式to后面的动词或动词短语在句中重复出现时, 下文动词不定式的内容可以承上文内容省略。这种用法常见于be glad to, would like/love to, have to等结构。

【典型考题】

1.Today is my birthday.Can you come to my party tonight?. (2006年吉林长春) A.Don’t worry B.Sure, I’d love to C.That’s too bad D.No, I don’t know

2.Can you go shopping with me tomorrow?, but I have to study for my English test. (2006年广西南宁) A.I’d love to B.It’s nothing C.Never mind D.It doesn’t matter

动词不定式考点专项练习 第4篇

radios as well as cassette tape recorders

in the world.

A. producing B. to produce

C. having produced D. produced

2. The purpose of new technology is to make

life easier， ____it more difficult.

A. not making B. not make

C. not to make D. nor to make

3. Helen had toshout ___above the sound

of the music .

A. making herself hear

B. to make herself hear

C. making herself heard

D. to make herself heard

4. I don’t know whether you happen ，

but I am going to study in the U.S.A this

September.

A. to be heard B. to be bearing

C. to hear D. to have heard

5. The news reporters hurried to the airport，

only ______the film stars had left.

A. to tell B. to be told

C. telling D. told

6. You were silly not _______your car.

A. to lock B. to have locked

C. locking D. having locked

7. The teacher asked us ______so much noise.

A. don’t make B. not make

C. not making D. not to make

8. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had

been ordered ____clear warnings before firing any shots.

A. to issue B. being issued

C. to have issued D. to be issued

9. I’d rather have a room of my own， however small it is，

than_______ a room with someone else.

A. to share B. to have shared

C. share D. sharing

10. The bank is reported in the local newspaper_________

in broad daylight yesterday.

A. robbed B. to have been robbed

C. being robbed D. having been robbed

11. A number of paintings in the castle are believed

in a fire.

A. being destroyed

B. having been destroyed

C. to be destroyed

D. to have been destroyed

12. The meeting _______next week is sure

to be a great success.

A. to take place

B. to be taken place

C. to have taken place

D. being taken place

13. As a result of my laziness，I failed

my work in time.

A. and finished B. to finish

C. and finishing D. to finished

14. I am sorry written you a letter at

the time.

A. to have not B. to not have

C. not to have D. not having

15. Will you lend him a magazine ？

A. to be read B. for reading

C. to read D. he read

16. He could do nothing but for

the bus _________.

A. wait，to come B. wait，come

C. waiting，coming D. waited，came

17. It is a problem that doesn’t need ________ right now.

A. to solve B. solving

C. being solved D. to be solving

18. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very

angry and I think he means _______ trouble.

A. making B. to make

C. to have made D. having made

19. I remember him the bike needed .

A. hearing， saying， to repair

B. to hear， say， to repair

C. hearing， say， repairing

D. to hear， saying， to be repaired

20. — You should have thanked her before you left.

— I meant _______， but when I was leaving I couldn’t

find her anywhere.

A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing so

动词不定式考点面面观 第5篇

一、动词不定式做主语

1. 动词不定式直接做主语。如：

To swim in the river is dangerous.在河里游泳是很危险的。

To ask the teacher for help is necessary.向老师寻求帮助是有必要的。

2.下列特殊句型中的动词不定式做真实主语。

▲“It is+形容词+for sb.to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”。其中句中的形容词多为描述性的词语，不对人或物的品格进行评价，如difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，impossible等。

例1：It is imponant people good manners.

A. for；to learn B. of；to learn

C. for；learn D. of；learn

解析：A。句中的important是描述性形容词，因此用介词for，后接动词不定式做真实主语。故选A。

▲“It is+形容词+of sb.to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”。其中句中的形容词用于描述人的性格、品质，如kind，good，nice，right，wrong，clever，careless，polite，foolish等。

例2：—Let me help you carry the box，Granny.

—Thank you，Li Lei.It’s very nice you me.

A. of；to help B. for；to help

C. of；helping D. for；helping

解析：A。句中的形容词nice是表示人的品质的形容词，因此后接介词of。of后面的动词不定式做句子的真实主语。故选A。

3. “It’s a/one’s+n.（task/duty/job）...+to do sth.”意为“做某事是……的任务/职责/工作”。如：

It’s my duty to save patients.治病救人是我的职责。

例3： —It’s our duty our city clean and beautiful.

—Yes.We should do something for it.

A. to keep B. keep C. keeping

解析：A。考查“It’s one’s+名词+动词不定式”的用法。故选A。

二、动词不定式做表语

动词不定式做表语，一般用于be动词或seem等系表动词后面。主语通常是wish，idea，works，task，job，aim等词。如：

My work is to clean the room every day.我的工作是每天打扫房间。

He seemed to have heard nothing.他似乎什么也没有听到。

三、动词不定式做宾语

动词不定式做宾语是中考常考考点之一，具体用法分为两种情况：

1. 一些动词必须接动词不定式做宾语，这类动词有want（想要），decide（决定），ask（问、寻求），learn（学习），tell（告诉），teach（教、讲授），hope（希望），plan（计划），refuse（拒绝），expect（期待、期望），afford（负担得起），warn（警告），invite（邀请）等。

例4：They decided a bridge over the river.

A. build B. to build C. building

解析：B。decide to do sth.意为“决定去做某事”。

例5：— Some children can’t afford necessary

stationary.

—Let’s donate our pocket money to them.

A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. be bought

解析：C。afford to do sth.意为“有能力去做某事”。故选C。

2.think，find，feel，make，believe等动词可用于“动词+it+形容词+to do sth.”结构。在此句型中，it做形式宾语，而真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。

例6：I found not very easy to ride a bike.

A. that；learn B. it；to learn C. that；to learn

解析：B。句意为：我发现学骑自行车不是很容易。found后用it做形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式，故选B。

四、动词不定式做宾语补足语

1. 后接带to的不定式做宾语补足语的动词有ask，want，tell，wish，would like，teach，invite，advise，allow，order，

encourage，warn等。

nlc202309081654

例7：My friend invited me the art club，and I

accepted it with pleasure.

A. join B. to join C. joined D. joining

解析：B。invite sb.to do sth.意为“邀请某人做某事”。故选B。

例8： Mr. Smith told his son the football match

because of the exam.

A. not to watch B. to not watch

C. not watching D. doesn’t watch

解析：A。tell sb.not to do sth.意为“告诉某人不要做某事”。故选A。

2. 后接省略to的不定式做宾语补足语的动词有：一感（feel）；二听（hear，listen to）；三使（make，let，have）；四看（see，watch，notice，look at）”。但要注意的是：在被动语态结构中，应还原动词不定式符号to。

例9：what happens when you hear a strange noise at night，or find a big spider in the corner of your bedroom？ It often makes us .

A. jump B. to jump C. jumping D. jumped

解析：A。make sb. do sth.意为“使某人做某事”。

例10：The girl was made her brother’s clothes.

A. to wash B. wash C. washing

解析：A。make sb.do sth.意为“使某人做某事”，用于被动语态时，省去的不定式符号to要加上，故选A。

五、动词不定式做定语

1. 动词不定式做定语时位于被修饰词语之后，做后置定语。

例11：— We don’t have enough money for our field

trip.What shall we do？

—The best way money is to sell newspapers.

A. raise B. to raise C. raising

解析：B。答语句意为：筹集资金最好的方式是卖报纸。to raise money做way的后置定语。故选B。

2. 如果不定式动词与被修饰词之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，并且该动词是不及物动词，则需要加上适当的介词或副词使动宾关系成立。

例12：When you move somewhere new，the first thing for you is to find a place .

A. to live B. living in C. to live in

解析：C。句意为：当你搬到一个新的地方时，首先要找一个住处。句中用动词不定式做定语修饰名词，并和所修饰的名词存在动宾关系，排除B项；当动词不定式做定语和前面的名词存在动宾关系，动词若是不及物动词，需要在不定式后面加适当的介词。故选C。

六、动词不定式做状语时

可以表示目的、结果或原因等。

例13：when you leave，please turn off the lights energy.

A.save B.to save C.saving D.saved

解析：B。本题考查动词不定式做目的状语的用法。句意为：当你离开的时候，请关上所有的灯，以便节约能源。根据句意可知，关灯的目的是节约能源。故选B。

例14：Mr. Li is a kind-hearted man.Though he is not rich，he always does everything he can the homeless children.

A. to support B. support

C. supporting D. supported

解析：A。本题考查动词不定式做目的状语的用法。句意为：李先生是个好心人。虽然他并不富有，但他总是愿意竭尽所能地帮助无家可归的孩子。故选A。

七、特殊结构中的动词不定式可以和疑问词who，what，which，why，when，how，where等词连用，构成“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，在句中可以做主语、宾语和表语

此结构通常位于下列动词之后：tell，teach，know，wonder，learn，show，find，out，ask，understand等。

例15：—So beautiful flowers！I can’t decide

for my mom.

—For Mother’s Day，it can’t be better to take

some carnation （康乃馨）.

A. when to choose B. which to choose

C. how to choose

解析：B。考查含有特殊疑问词的动词不定式的用法。句意为： 如此美丽的花朵我不知道给妈妈买哪一种。——在母亲节，最好送康乃馨。when to choose“什么时候买”；which to choose“买哪一种”；how to choose“怎样选择”。结合句意，选B。

例16：I really don’t know this question.It is too hard.

A. which to answer B. how to answer

C. what to answer

解析：B。句意为：我真的不知道如何回答这个问题。它太难了。对“方式或手段”进行提问用疑问词how。故选B。