考研英语阅读理解真题试题

考研英语阅读理解真题试题（精选6篇）

考研英语阅读理解真题试题 第1篇

Could the bad olddays of economic decline be about to return? Since OPEC agreed to supply-cutsin March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up fromless than $10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scarymemories of the 1973 oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 1979-1980, whenthey also almost tripled. Both previous shocks resulted in double-digitinflation and global economic decline. So where are the headlines warning ofgloom and doom this time?

The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraqsuspended oil exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time aswinter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in theshort term。

Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences nowto be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost of crude oilnow accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the1970s. In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, soeven quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pumpprices than in the past。

Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, andso less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conservation, a shift toother fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensiveindustries have reduced oil consumption. Software, consultancy and mobiletelephones use far less oil than steel or car production. For each dollar ofGDP rich economies now use nearly 50% less oil than in1973. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil pricesaveraged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this wouldincrease the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of GDP. Thatis less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economiesto which heavy industry has shiftedhave become moreenergy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed。

One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices isthat, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the backgroundof general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand. A sizableportion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline. TheEconomist s commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%， and in 1979 byalmost 30%。

31. The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is

[A]global inflation.

[B]reduction in supply。

[C]fast growth in economy.

[D]Iraq s suspension of exports。

32. It can be inferred from the text that the retail price ofpetrol will go up dramatically if

[A]price of crude rises.

[B]commodity prices rise。

[C]consumption rises.

[D]oil taxes rise。

33. The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries

[A]heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive。

[B]income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices。

[C]manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed。

[D]oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP。

34. We can draw a conclusion from the text that

[A]oil-price shocks are less shocking now。

[B]inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks。

[C]energy conservation can keep down the oil prices。

[D]the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry。

35. From the text we can see that the writer seems

[A]optimistic.

[B]sensitive.

[C]gloomy.

[D]scared。

名师解析

31. The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is 最近的油价上涨的主要原因是

[A]global inflation. 全球通货膨胀。

[B]reduction in supply。供应量减少。

[C]fast growth in economy. 快速的经济增长。

[D]Iraq s suspension of exports. 伊拉克暂时停止石油出口。

【答案】 B

【考点】 事实细节题。

【分析】 根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oilhas jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December。，说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量，使得油价上升。所以本题的答案是[B]。[D]不是该现象的主要原因，因为OPEC的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格的走势的主要原因。

32. It can be inferred from the text that the retail price ofpetrol will go up dramatically if

从文中可以推断出，如果________，汽油的零售价格将会剧烈上升。

[A]price of crude rises. 原油价格上升。

[B]commodity prices rise. 日用品价格上升。

[C]consumption rises. 消费上升。

[D]oil taxes rise. 油税上升。

【答案】 D

【考点】 推断题。

【分析】 根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price，so evenquite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump pricesthan in the past。.意思是说在欧洲，税占汽油的零售价的五分之四，因此相比以往，原油的价格变化对汽油的影响不会很明显。也就是说税的增加会导致汽油价格的猛涨，而原油价格的变化带来的影响不会很大。本题一个理解的难度是muted effect，另外一个是pump price。mute表示哑巴的，无声的，沉默的，和effect连用，表示影响不明显而pump price是一个很形象的说法，pump指的是泵，这里很形象用pump指代汽油。根据上述分析，可以得出答案是[D]。

33. The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries

《经济展望》的评估表明在富国

[A] heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive。

重工业变得更加能源密集型。

[B] income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices。

收入损失主要由于波动的原油价格造成。

[C] manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed。

制造业面临严重影响。

[D] oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP。

油价变化对国民生产总值没有大的影响。

【答案】 D

【考点】 推断题。

【分析】 根据本题的关键词《经济展望》的估计可以定位到The OECD estimates in its latest Economic outlook that, if oilprices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, thiswould increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25%-0.5% of GDP。。也就是说，油价的上涨对GDP 的影响很小，只有0.25%0.5%。因此我们可以得出答案[D]。

34. We can draw a conclusion from the text that 从文中我们可以得出的结论是

[A] oil-price shocks are less shocking now. 油价冲击已经不再那么骇人听闻。

[B] inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks. 通货膨胀看起来和油价冲击无关。

[C] energy conservation can keep down the oil prices. 能源储备能够使油价下降。

[D] the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavyindustry。

原油价格的上升导致重工业的萎缩。

【答案】 A

【考点】 文章主旨题。

【分析】 本题的几个选项需要通篇理解。文章第三段指出油价的经济影响不会那么严重，作者指出其原因是原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高，发达国家对石油的依赖减弱，此次涨价的背景不一样了。文章最后一段说这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不同，对各国的影响也基本没有反映出来，连物价基本都没有变动，也就是说，油价冲击已经不是那么可怕。所以答案是[A]。

35. From the text we can see that the writer seems 从本文中我们可以看出作者看上去是

[A] optimistic. 乐观的。 [B] sensitive。敏感的。

[C] gloomy. 沮丧的。 [D] scared。恐惧的。

【答案】 A

【考点】 作者态度题。

【分析】 本文作者主要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。尤其是第三段和最后一段的第一句话，强调人们不必担心此次油价上涨，因为这一次的情况与20世纪70年代不同。由此可见作者的态度是乐观的。

难句解析：

1. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter gripsthe northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short time。

【结构分析】本句的主语是Strengthening economic growth，谓语是could push，插入成分是一个时间状语，其中有一个as引导的定语从句，修饰time。

2. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oilprices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, thiswould increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of GDP。

【结构分析】本句的主句是The OECD estimates... that，if引导一个条件状语，comparedwith $13 in 1998是过去分词短语做比较状语，主句是this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only0.25-0.5% of GDP，其中的主语this指代的是if条件句。

3.One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices isthat, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the backgroundof general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand。

【结构分析】本句的主干是One more reason is that.。.。在that引导的表语从句中，它的主语是it，指代的是the rise in oil prices。

全文翻译：

过去经济衰落的糟糕日子会不会重来?自从石油输出国组织在3月同意减少原油供应，原油的价格已经从去年12月的不到10美元一桶上升到约26美元一桶。这次近3倍的涨价令人想起了1973年的恐慌，当时油价上涨了4倍;以及1979�D1980年的那一次，当时的油价也上涨了近3倍。前两次的石油恐慌都导致了两位数的通货膨胀和全球性的经济衰退。那么这次警告人们厄运来临的头版新闻都到哪里去了呢?

本周伊拉克暂停石油出口，这又一次推动着油价上扬。强劲的经济增长势头，加上北半球冬季的到来，有可能在短期内使石油价格涨得更高。

然而，我们有充分的理由预期这次油价暴涨带来的经济影响不会像70年代那么严重。现在多数国家的原油价格占汽油价格的份额比70年代要小很多。在欧洲，税占了汽油零售价的4/5，因此，即使原油价格发生很大的波动，汽油价格所受的影响也不会像过去那么显著。

发达国家对石油的依赖也比从前要少得多，因此对油价的波动也就不会那么敏感。能源储备、燃料替代以及能源密集型重工业的重要性的降低，都减少了石油消耗。软件、咨询及移动通讯消耗的石油，比钢铁、汽车行业少得多。发达国家国民生产总值中每一个美元所消耗的石油量比1973年少了近一半。国际经合组织在其最近一期的《经济展望》中估计，如果全年油价均价22美元左右，与1998年的13美元一桶相比，这仅仅会使发达国家的石油进口在支出上增加GDP的0.25%�D0.5%。这还不到1974年或1980年收入损失部分的1/4。另一方面，由于重工业转移至一些新兴石油进口国，它们对能源可能更加敏感，也更可能会受到强烈影响。

另外一个不应因油价上升而失眠的原因是，与70年代的上涨不同，这次油价上升的大背景不是普遍的物价暴涨及全球过旺的需求。世界上很多地区才刚刚走出经济衰落。《经济学家》的商品价格指数一年来总的来说没有什么变化。1973年的商品价格跃升了70%，而1979年也上升了近30%。

1.考研英语真题阅读理解试题及解析

2.考研英语真题阅读理解试题及答案

3.考研英语真题阅读理解试题及答案分析

4.2017考研英语阅读理解真题及答案

5.2017考研英语阅读理解练习试题

6.考研英语试题(阅读理解)

7.考研英语阅读理解B型试题及答案

8.考研英语阅读理解测试题

9.考研英语阅读理解B型试题

10.考研英语阅读理解试题

考研英语阅读理解真题试题 第2篇

In spite of “endless talk of difference,” American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. There is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of difference” characteristic of popular culture. People are absorbed into “a culture of consumption” launched by the 19th-century department stores that offered “vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere. Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite。” these were stores “anyone could enter, regardless of class or background. This turned shopping into a public and democratic act。” The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization。

Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. Writing for the National Immigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today’s immigration is neither at unprecedented level nor resistant to assimilation. In immigrants were 9.8 percent of population; in 1900, 13.6 percent .In the 10 years prior to 1990, 3.1 immigrants arrived for every 1,000 residents; in the 10years prior to 1890, 9.2 for every 1,000. Now, consider three indices of assimilation-language, home ownership and intermarriage。

The 1990 Census revealed that “a majority of immigrants from each of the fifteen most common countries of origin spoke English well’ or very well’ after ten years of residence。” The children of immigrants tend to be bilingual and proficient in English. “By the third generation, the original language is lost in the majority of immigrant families。” Hence the deion of America as a “graveyard” for languages. By foreignCborn immigrants who had arrived before 1970 had a home ownership rate of 75.6 percent, higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans。

Foreign-born Asians and Hispanics “have higher rates of intermarriage than do U.S.Cborn whites and blacks。” By the third generation, one third of Hispanic women are married to non-Hispanics, and 41 percent of AsianCAmerican women are married to non-Asians。

Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world are fans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet “some Americans fear that immigrants living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation’s assimilative power。”

Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething anger in America? Indeed. It is big enough to have a bit of everything. But particularly when viewed against America’s turbulent past, today’s social indices hardly suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment。

21. The word “homogenizing”(Line 2, Paragraph 1) most probably means

[A] identifying. [B] associating. [C] assimilating. [D] monopolizing。

22. According to the author, the department stores of the 19th century

[A] played a role in the spread of popular culture。

[B] became intimate shops for common consumers。

[C] satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable elite。

[D] owed its emergence to the culture of consumption。

23. The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S。

[A] are resistant to homogenization。

[B] exert a great influence on American culture。

[C] are hardly a threat to the common culture。

[D] constitute the majority of the population。

24. Why are Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned in Paragraph 5?

[A] To prove their popularity around the world。

[B] To reveal the public’s fear of immigrants。

[C] To give examples of successful immigrants。

[D] To show the powerful influence of American culture。

25. In the author’s opinion, the absorption of immigrants into American society is

[A] rewarding. [B] successful. [C]. fruitless. [D]. harmful。

名师解析

21. The word “homogenizing” (Line 2, Paragraph 1) most probably means

“homogenizing”(第一段第二行)一词的大致意思是

[A] identifying. 识别 确认 [B] associating. 联系，联合

[C] assimilating. 吸收，同化 [D] monopolizing. 独占，垄断

【答案】 C

【考点】 词义题。

【分析】 本题的答案直接可以定位到第一句话。文章说“尽管人们不停地谈论差异”，用到了表示转折的“in spite of”，后面显然就是与前面的意思相反了。差异的反面自然是相同。如果考生没有把握，只要继续读两句，就会发现作者描述的都是一个同化了的社会的特征。而“homogenize”这个单词，如果从词根来分析，也不难判断。“homo”表示相同的，比如同性恋就是“homosexual”，而“homogenize”的原意就是“使均匀，均质化”，所以只有[C]“assimilate”这个单词合适。“assimilate”的本意是“吸收，消化”，后引申为“使相同、使相象”，以及“把(移民或文化出色的群体)同化到盛行的文化中”。[A]“identify”一般表示对身份的“识别，确认”，不合题意。[B]“associate”表示“联系，联合”，不合题意。[D]“monopolize”(独占， 垄断)，这个单词由“mono(单一)+pole(极)”构成，用在本处意思不符合。

22. According to the author, the department stores of the 19th-century

在作者看来，19世纪的商场

[A] played a role in the spread of popular culture. 在传播流行文化方面发挥了作用。

[B] became intimate shops for common consumers. 成为了和普通消费者关系亲密的商店。

[C] satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable elite. 满足了知识精英的需要。

[D] owed its emergence to the culture of consumption. 其出现归功于消费文化。

【答案】 A

【考点】 事实细节题。

【分析】 题干关键词“department stores”出现在第一段第三句，该句子的意思是“人们沉迷于一种始于19世纪的商场的消费文化”。随后进一步解释说“商场和那些精品店不一样，是人人都可以去的，购物变成了一种民主和公众的活动”。也就是说，商场对于流行文化的传播起到了推动的作用，故[A]为本题的正确答案。[B]的错误在于它故意将那些迎合精英人士的精品店与其顾客的那种亲密的关系用在商场与普通消费者的关系上。[C]的错误在于商场满足的是普通大众的需要，而不是那些知识精英的需要。至于[D]，它故意颠倒了因果关系，商场的出现推动了流行文化的发展，而并不是流行文化导致了商场的出现。而且作者在这一段结束的时候，还提到，其它的一些推动流行文化发展的`因素还有大众传媒、广告以及运动业。

23. The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S。

本文暗示现在美国的移民

[A] are resistant to homogenization. 对于同化是抵制的。

[B] exert a great influence on American culture. 对美国文化施加了很大的影响。

[C] are hardly a threat to the common culture. 对大众文化几乎没有威胁。

[D] constitute the majority of the population. 占人口大多数。

【答案】 C

【考点】 推断题。

【分析】 题干中出现了“immigrant”这个关键单词，就是告诉考生，本题解题的关键是和移民相关的内容。只有阅读完相关的内容，才有可能正确答对本题。“immigrant”可以定位到第二段。文章说“移民正在快速适应这个大众文化”。第二句就引用记者的话说“如今的移民既未达到前所未有的水平，而且也不抵制同化”。这样一来，就可以排除[A]。后面提到美国移民的人口比率只有百分之几，显然不可能是人口的大多数，因此[D]“移民占人口大多数”可以被我们排除。不但人数不占优势，所占比率还在缩小，因此，可以说[C]“对大众文化几乎没有威胁”是合适的。至于[B]项，文中没有提及。但是考虑到人数这么少，对美国施加巨大的影响一说就不太现实了。

24. Why are Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned in Paragraph 5?

第五段中为什么提到阿诺德・施瓦辛格和葛斯・布鲁克斯?

[A] To prove their popularity around the world. 为了证明他们在全球都很受欢迎。

[B] To reveal the public’s fear of immigrants. 为了表明公众对移民的恐惧。

[C] To give examples of successful immigrants. 为了举出成功移民的范例。

[D] To show the powerful influence of American culture. 为了展示美国文化的强大影响。

考研英语阅读理解真题试题 第3篇

2009年江苏各地中考英语阅读理解试题较之于往年, 在命题的水准上又有了程度不同的提高, 并具有以下几个特点:

1.命题更加符合《英语课程标准 (实验稿) 》所提出的“培养学生综合运用语言的能力”这一要求, 既考查了学生的综合语篇分析能力, 又考查了学生的英语阅读微技能 (如:根据语境, 考查学生推测生词词义的能力;通过在题干中对阅读语篇中的话语进行保持原意的表达调整, 考查学生用不同的表达方式表达同一意思的话语表达能力;等等) 。

2.语篇长度较之于往年明显加长, 这就对学生的读题与解题速度及语篇阅读策略提出了更高要求。

3.语篇涉及的内容多与英语文化、学生的英语学习与生活、自然与生命科学、科普读物、人文社会科学、异域民族风俗及其文化内涵、人物简介和故事等方面有关。

4.在解题要求上, 约50%的试题都可以直接从语篇中找到答案;约20%的试题需要考生经过正向、逆向推导, 或逐一排除与语篇表述事实不符的选项, 才能间接得出正确答案;约15%的试题 (南京市的试题在这方面的比重尤其大) 需要考生经过对语篇段落或整体语篇进行综合分析, 才能得出正确答案;约10%的试题需要考生对上下文进行逻辑推理, 才能推导出生词的词义。

5.图、表形式的语篇阅读的数量较之于往年有所下降, 且对图、表语篇的阅读也不再仅仅依赖于观察图、表, 而更多依赖于深读语篇, 甄别图、表。

6.“任务型阅读”在一些省辖市的试题中不仅有所体现, 而且难度有所加大, 这大概也是主动应对初中英语教育与高中英语教育的衔接之举。

二、学习建议

基于以上分析, 笔者建议初三学生在平时的英语学习中要注意以下几点:

1.要拓宽英语阅读的面, 即要阅读不同题材、不同体裁的英语语篇, 真正做到广泛阅读。

2.要加强英语阅读策略的学习和训练, 提高语篇阅读理解的速度。尤其在平时的阅读中, 不能因为遇到个别生词或生疏的句式结构就中途停下来, 去查阅辞书或语法书, 而要努力根据上下文, 结合具体语境对其加以猜测、推断和理解。

3.英语阅读理解能力既不能脱离英语阅读训练来培养, 也不能仅仅靠其来培养。须知, 阅读理解能力只是英语语言运用能力的一个方面, 而英语语言能力才是基础。如果不夯实英语语言能力这个基础, 那么像南京市试题的第35题、无锡市试题的第34题、苏州市试题的第31题 (详见后文例析) , 考生是很难答对的。

4.“任务型阅读”是中考英语阅读理解试题命题的一个创新。这个创新, 由于具有对学生综合语言运用能力考查的绝对信度优势, 具有强大的生命力。因此, 笔者以为, 这一题型今后将会在更大范围内普及。这一题型难度相对较大, 得分率较低, 因此, 加强和重点突出“任务型阅读”训练, 对初三学生而言, 乃是当务之急。

三、典型试题解析 (保留原题号)

(一) 南京市2009年中考卷阅读理解B

Last July, my 12-year-old car died on California’s Santa Freeway.It was an hour before sunset, and I was 25 miles from home.I couldn’t reach anyone to pick me up, so I decided to take a bus.Not knowing the routes, I thought I’d just go east.

A bus stopped.I got on and asked the driver how far she was going.“Ten more miles, ”she said.There was another bus I could take from there.This clearly was going to be a long night.

I got off at the end of the route and she told me which bus to look for.After waiting 30 minutes, I began to think about a very expensive taxi ride home.Then a bus came up.There was no lighted number above its windshield.It was out of service, but the door opened.It was the same driver.

“I just can’t leave you here, ”she said.“This isn’t the nicest place.I will give you a ride home.”

“You will drive me home on the bus?”I asked, astonished.

“No, I will take you in my car, ”she said.

“It’s a long way, ”I insisted.

“Come on, ”she said.“I have nothing else to do.”

As we drove from the station in the car, she began telling me a story.A few days earlier, her brother had run out of gas.A good man picked him up, took him to a service station and then back to his car.“I’m just passing the favor (善意的行为) along, ”she said.

When I offered her money as a thank-you, she wouldn’t accept.“Just do something nice for somebody.Pass it along, ”she said.

31.There was something wrong with the writer’s car.

A.late at night

B.early in the morning

C.an hour before sunset

D.thirty minutes after sunset

32.The writer changed his mind after waiting 30 minutes because.

A.he became impatient and a bit worried

B.a taxi ride would be more comfortable

C.he knew the driver would never return

D.the bus driver had given him wrong information

33.The bus driver drove the writer home later because.

A.her brother had told her to do so

B.she wanted to earn more money

C.she happened to go in the same direction

D.she wanted to do something good for others

34.The underlined word“astonished”in the passage probably means.

A.surprised

B.grateful

C.happy

D.angry

35.The bus driver hoped that the writer.

A.would drive someone home

B.would help someone in need

C.would keep her in memory

D.would give the money to others

参考答案与难题解析

答案:CADAB。

第32题的解题可通过对语篇中的“I began to think about a very expensive taxi ride home.”这句话的语义分析, 推断正确选项。

第33题的解题可通过对语篇中公交司机讲述的她兄弟受助于人的事情和“I’m just passing the favor along.”这句话的语义做综合分析, 推断正确选项。

第34题的词义推测的关键有两个。一是故事情节, 作者与公交司机素不相识, 对其善意的行为自然感到“吃惊”;二是“You will drive me home on the bus?”这句话的句式结构和语义也支持选项A。

(二) 无锡市2009年中考卷阅读理解B

About ten men in every hundred suffer from colour blindness in some way.Women are luckier.Only about one in two hundred is affected in this matter.So some people say it is safer to be driven by women.

There are different forms of colour blindness.In some cases a man may not be able to see deep red.He may think that red, orange and yellow are all shades (色调) of green.Sometimes a person cannot tell the difference between blue and green.In rare cases an unlucky man may see everything in shades of greena strange world indeed.

Colour blindness in humans is a strange thing to explain.In our eyes there are millions of very small things called“cones”.These help us to see in a bright light and to tell differences between colours.There are also millions of“rods”, but these are used for seeing when it is nearly dark.They show us shapes but no colour.

Some insects have favourite colours.Mosquitoes (蚊子) like blue but do not like yellow.A red light will not attract insects, but a blue lamp will.In a similar way humans also have favourite colours.Yet we are lucky.With the aid of the cones in our eyes we can see many beautiful colours by day, and with the aid of the rods we can see shapes at night.One day we may even learn more about the invisible (看不见的) colours around us.

29.With the help of the cones, we can.

A.see in a weak light

B.tell different shapes

C.kill mosquitoes

D.tell orange from yellow

30.Why do some people say it is safer to be driven by women?

A.Women are more careful.

B.There are fewer colour-blind women.

C.All of them see everything in shades of green.

D.None of them has trouble in recognizing (识别) colours.

31.This passage is mainly about.

A.colour and its surprising effects

B.danger caused by colour blindness

C.colour blindness

D.the invisible colours around us

参考答案与难题解析

答案:DBC。

第29题, 根据第三段中的“These help us to see in a bright light and to tell differences between colours.”这句话选择D, 因为“tell differences between...”即“tell...from...”的意思。

第31题考查的是学生的语篇概括能力。A、B、D三个选项不是片面, 就是文中未提及, 均不能涵盖全文。

(三) 常州市2009年中考卷阅读理解B

Spending two or three hours playing outdoors each day can reduce a child’s chance of becoming short-sighted, a research shows.It challenges (挑战) the belief that short-sightedness is caused by computer use, watching TV or reading in weak light.

The Australian government researchers believe that sunlight is good for people’s eyes.They compared the vision (视力) and habits of 100 seven-year-old children in Singapore and Australia.In all, 30%of the Singaporean children were shortsightedthis rate (比率) was ten times higher than Australian children.

Both groups spent a similar amount of time reading, watching television and playing computer games.However, the Australian children spent an average (平均) of two hours a day outdoors90 minutes more than the Singaporean children.

Professor (教授) Ian Morgan, from the Australian Research Council’s Vision Centre, said, “Humans are naturally long-sighted, but when people begin to go to school and spend little or no time outdoors, the number of short-sighted people gets larger.We’re also seeing more and more short-sighted children in cities all around the worldand the main reason may be that city children spend less time outdoors.”

Daylight can be hundreds of times brighter than indoor light.But why does playing outside prevent us from becoming short-sighted?Scientists believe that natural light has a special chemical (化学物质) which stops the eyeball from growing out of shape and prevents people becoming short-sighted.

So be outdoors.It doesn’t matter if that time is spent having a picnic or playing sports.

24.How much time did the Singaporean children spend outdoors on average every day in the research?

A.2 hours.

B.90 minutes.

C.1 hour.

D.30 minutes.

25.What is the fifth paragraph mainly about?

A.Why people become short-sighted.

B.Why natural light has a special chemical.

C.Why playing outside is good for one’s eyesight.

D.Why daylight is much brighter than indoor light.

26.Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A.People will all become short-sighted after they begin to go to school.

B.Playing outdoors for 2 or 3 hours every day can help protect your eyesight.

C.Children in Australia are more likely to get short-sighted than those in Singapore.

D.If you spend two or three hours playing outside each day, you won’t get short-sighted.

参考答案与难题解析

答案:DCB。

第24题的解答需要通过简单计算得出结论。“However, the Australian children spent an average of two hours a day outdoors90 minutes more than the Singaporean children.”这句话表明, 澳大利亚孩子平均户外活动时间为两小时, 比新加坡孩子平均户外活动时间多90分钟, 那么新加坡孩子平均户外活动时间应为30分钟。

第25题考查的是学生的段落概括能力。在概括段落大意时要注意一点, 即一个段落开头的话语往往就是该段落的主题。“But why does playing outside prevent us from becoming short-sighted?”这句话开启了整个段落。

第26题考查的是学生的整体语篇概括能力。根据语篇, 上学行为并不直接导致学生近视, “spend little or no time outdoors”才是真正原因, 因此选项A是错的;选项C与事实不符;选项D的这一说法不仅绝对, 而且文中未提及。

(四) 常州市2009年中考卷阅读理解D

I was in line waiting to pay.In line there were two people before me.A little boy was buying some rather strange clothes.He chatted with anyone who was interested in the clothes and soon we learnt that he was going to a kindergarten (幼儿园) party.He had done a great job of putting together interesting costumes.

I noticed that the little boy was paying mostly with change (零钱) .It seemed that he had robbed his pig bank (猪形储蓄罐) to do this shopping.However, the cashier told him he was short after counting all the money.The boy thought for a moment and said, “Please keep the shirt and I will come back with more money.”

It was clear that he had already used all the money he had and he was$8.00short.The lady in front of me said, “Well, I could pay half of that.”I told the boy that I could pay the other half.We dug into our handbags.However, both of us only had ten-dollar bills (纸币) and we needed the cashier to get the change for us.Other shoppers began digging into their pockets to find some change.It was amazing and touching as all these strangers seemed to react (反应) with the same mind.All wanted to be of help.Within minutes the cashier said, “I have too much money.”The cashier didn’t need our ten-dollar bills.Then the lady in front of me, who had been the first to offer help, said, “Wait!I didn’t even get a chance to give anything!”

I smiled at her and said, “You did your share, because it was your idea and you started all this.”The little boy smiled and thanked us.We wished him the best and he left.I was left with a good feeling.I had seen the love and goodness of others all around me.The woman in front of me smiled and said, “It sure feels good to give, doesn’t it?”I smiled back and said, “Yes!”

30.What is this passage mainly about?

A.Love and goodness.

B.Culture and tradition.

C.Friendship and honesty.

D.Communication and understanding.

31.Why did the writer and the woman both feel glad?

A.Because the boy had saved some money.

B.Because they both didn’t need to give anything.

C.Because the cashier didn’t look down on the boy.

D.Because all the shoppers around were willing to help the boy.

32.What does the underlined word“touching”most probably mean?

A.令人感动的

B.令人难过的

C.令人失望的

D.令人害怕的

33.What’s the correct order of the following events?

a.The cashier got enough money for the boy’s shirt.

b.The cashier counted the boy’s money.

c.The shoppers looked for some change in their pockets.

d.The boy went to the line to pay.

A.b, a, c, d

B.b, c, a, d

C.d, b, c, a

D.d, c, a, b

参考答案与难题解析

答案:ADAC。

第30题考查的是学生的语篇综合分析能力。通过语篇分析可以看出, 这篇短文与“文化传统”“友谊诚实”“交际理解”无关, 讲的就是“爱心与善举”。

第32题的解题一是要结合“touching”所在的语境加以理解, 二是要注意这里的表达结构, 即“It was amazing and touching”, 而不是“It was amazing but...”。因此, 从语篇分析的角度来看, “touching”所在语境的语义与“amazing”所在语境的语义一定是相一致的, 而B、C、D的意思与“amazing”所在语境的语义都是相背的。

(五) 连云港市2009年中考卷阅读理解A

There are many idioms (习语) in English that are about animals.Today let’s chat a little about some of the idioms about dogs that make English language fun and colorful.

We love dogs;they are our best friends.When you first started to learn English, your teacher might teach you a number of phrases about dogs, such as:“you are a lucky dog, ”“I’m dog tired, ”“every dog has its day, ”or“our team was the underdog but won the first place at last.”

When I first got into high school, my English teacher used the idiom“dogear”, which interested me very much.This word can be used a noun, a verb, and an adjective as well.As a noun, it means a turned-down (折叠的) corner of a page as a bookmark (书签) .As a verb, it means someone makes a bookmark by turning down the corner of a page in the book.And, as an adjective, the word describes an old book with many broken pages.Examples:

John made a dog-ear (noun) of the page he was reading before closing the book.

Jane was reading a book;when the telephone rang, she dog-eared (verb) the page before answering the phone.

In the old room, the children found some dog-eared (adjective) books left there for more than 30 years.

The idiom“dog-ear”gives a lively image of a page being turned down like acurled (卷起来的) dog ear, but some dogs don’t have curled ears;rather, they have pointed (竖起来的) ears.

31.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?

A.Idioms about colors

B.Idioms about history

C.Idioms about animals

D.Idioms about dogs

32.How many idioms about dogs are mentioned (提及) in this passage?

A.3

B.4

C.5

D.6

33.Which of the following statements is NOT true about the meaning of the idiom“dog-ear”?

A.It means a turned-down corner of a page as a bookmark.

B.It means someone makes a bookmark by turning down the corner of a page in the book.

C.It means an old book with many broken pages

D.It means something is short and small like a dog’s ear.

参考答案与难题解析

答案:DCD.

第33题的解题需要考生根据语篇内容对各选项加以甄别。“As a noun, it means a turned-down corner of a page as a bookmark.”这句话不支持选项A, “As a verb, it means someone makes a bookmark by turning down the corner of a page in the book.”这句话不支持选项B, “And, as an adjective, the word describes an old book with many broken pages.”这句话不支持选项C。在这个语篇中根本就没有选项D这一表述, 所以应该剔除。

(六) 宿迁市2009年中考卷“任务型阅读”试题

阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填写表格 (每空限填一词) 。

One of the most well-known directors of our time is Stephen Spielberg.He was born in Cincinnati on 18 December 1946.His father was an electric engineer and his mother was a performing pianist.His sister, Anne Spielberg, became a screenwriter who wrote the stories for many famous films.

Stephen had always wanted to be a director ever since he was a young boy.When he was just 13 years old, he made a 40-minute film.It won a local competition.Three years later, he produced a film called Firelight, which made one hundred dollars’profit at the cinema in his hometown.Many of the ideas from thisfilm were later used for one of his most famous films called Close Encounters of the Third Kind.

When he was 18 years old, he wanted to go to film school so that he could improve his skills and become an even better director.Unluckily, he was unsuccessful in getting a place at this school so he went to a university in California to study English.Even though he had failed to get into the school he wanted to go to, he didn’t let this stop him following his dream to become a great director.

Stephen Spielberg has directed many films since his first major film in 1976.He now owns many different businesses, most of which are involved in the film industry.

参考答案与难题解析

答案:was born;40-minute, won;Firelight, ideas;1964, failed;directed/made/produced, first。

考研英语阅读理解真题试题 第4篇

题材选择

从选材来看，此次考试的阅读理解没有选择学术性较强的自然科学类文章，四篇文章可以归为人文和经济两类，而且重在人文，较之去年更加贴近生活。从本次考试所选的题材来看，出题者钟情于选择社会热点、人文科学等考生熟悉的题材，基本上摒弃了以往常会出现的一些比较学术化、专业化的题材。

出题思路

此次考研英语阅读理解的出题者仍然遵循以往的出题思路，该出题思路可概括为四个原则：关键词定位原则、依次而下原则、区域概念原则和同义改写原则。下面我们来逐一解析。

1. 关键词定位原则

所谓“关键词定位原则”，是指出题者在设置题干时会使用一些独特或核心的词汇，这些词汇正是帮助考生寻找答案所在位置的关键词。这些关键词通常包括三大类：①显性关键词，如时间、地名、人名、国家名、阿拉伯数字、特殊符号等明显的线索词；②核心动词；③比较明显的描述性名词等。考生可以利用题干中的这三类关键词迅速回到原文定位，找到答案位置。

2. 依次而下原则

所谓“依次而下原则”，就是出题者所设置的题目顺序与行文顺序相符。考生可以根据这个原则在文中寻找各题目答案的所在位置。也就是说，如果题干中没有出现明显的关键词或信息提示供考生回原文定位时，考生可以利用这个原则来确定该题答案所在的段落。例如，2011年考研英语阅读Text One中的五道题就是按照依次而下原则来设置的：第21题的答案位于原文第一段，第22题的答案位于原文第二段，第23题的答案位于第四段开头，第24题的答案位于第四段后半段，第25题的答案位于原文最后一段。其中，第24题的题干是：“According to the text, which of the following is true of recordings?”考生如果能利用题干关键词recordings，同时结合依次而下原则进行定位，便能迅速找到答案位置。

3. 区域概念原则

所谓“区域概念原则”，是指题目设置遵循“一题一区域”的原则，考生只需阅读某一区域的内容便可选出正确答案，其他区域的内容对选择该题答案没有直接影响。这一原则可帮助考生节约答题时间。

4. 同义改写原则

所谓“同义改写原则”，是指出题者设置的正确选项通常是原文相关表达的同义改写。因而，考生在做题时一定要抛开自己的主观臆断，立足于文章本身来对选项进行判断。例如：

27. According to Paragraph 2, senior executives’ quitting may be spurred by _______. (Text Two)

[A] their expectation of better financial status [B] their need to reflect on their private life

[C] their strained relations with the boards[D] their pursuit of new career goals

解析：根据题干中的关键词“senior executives’ quitting”，考生可将答案定位在文章第二段第三行“quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post”。通过分析选项，考生可知选项D和答案位置的表达便是同义改写，其中，pursuit是对look for的同义改写, new career goals是对CEO post的同义改写。因而，选项D为正确答案。

题型分析与解题策略

从题型分布上看，此次考试的阅读理解题依旧以细节题为主，一共出现了12道细节题，此外还出现了两道主旨题、一道态度题、一道猜词题、三道推论题和一道例证题。下面就结合本次考试的真题逐一分析各种题型的出题方式和解题方法。

1. 细节题

细节题是每年考研阅读中题量最多的题型，主要考查考生对文章事实信息的理解和掌握情况，正确答案通常是对原文信息的重述。考生在解答细节题时，可利用上文提到的关键词定位和依次而下原则回原文定位，寻找答案所在位置。例如：

36. Jennifer Senior suggests in her article that raising a child can bring _______. (TextFour)

[A] temporary delight[B] enjoyment in progress

[C] happiness in retrospect[D] lasting reward

解析：根据题干中的关键词Jennifer Senior，考生可将答案位置定位至原文第一段。第一段提到了Senior文章中的一些观点，如：“we need to redefine happiness: …, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition”和“the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight”。由此可知，Senior认为抚养孩子带来的幸福是事后回忆起来才能感受到的。因而，此题正确答案应该为选项C。

2. 主旨题

主旨题的询问方式一般是“What is the passage mainly about?”或“What is the best title for the passage?”，该题型重点考查考生对文章主题的理解。主旨题的正确答案一般有以下四个特征：①通常出现在文章的第一段或最后一段，考生应特别注意文章第一段和最后一段中出现转折的地方；②常常包含文中反复出现的词汇，或者是包含文中关键词的同义词或近义词；③具有抽象、概括的特征，所传达的通常不会是文章的局部信息；④一般不会出现意义较为绝对的词汇，如always、never、all等。例如：

35. Which of the following is the text mainly about? (Text Three)

[A] Alternatives to conventional paid media [B] Conflict between hijacked and earned media

[C] Dominance of hijacked media [D] Popularity of owned media

解析：Text Three文章的开头部分是：“While traditional ‘paid’ media—such as television commercials and print advertisements—still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media.”由此考生可知，本文的重点谈论对象是alternative forms of media，即与传统媒体相对的新媒体形式。因而，此题正确选项为A。选项B、C、D都只涉及文中某些细节，不能概括文章的主旨。

3. 态度题

态度题通常考查考生是否能够正确理解作者的写作意图或对所论述对象的态度或看法。与主旨题类似，态度题常见的出题位置是文章的第一段和最后一段，尤其是最后一段。考生在阅读文章的过程中要注意感情色彩较浓的词汇所包含的情感态度(尤其是形容词、副词等)和文中出现转折的地方(如出现nevertheless、however、yet等转折词的地方)。例如：

25. Regarding Gilbert’s role in revitalizing the Philharmonic, the author feels ________. (Text One)

[A] doubtful[B] enthusiastic[C] confident[D] puzzled

解析：题干中出现的“the author feels”提示考生该题是态度题。考生可通过阅读文章最后一段来找寻答案。文章的最后一段写道：“Alex Ross, a classical-music critic, has described him (编者注：指Gilbert) as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into ‘a markedly different, more vibrant organization.’ But what will be the nature of that difference? Merely expanding the orchestra’s repertoire will not be enough.”考生可知，这里的but前的句子是Alex Ross的观点，Alex Ross使用了“a markly different, more vibrant organization”表明其对Gilbert对振兴交响乐团的影响持肯定和有信心的态度。但是在Alex Ross的观点之后，作者使用了一个but、一个问号以及“will not be enough”，这明显体现了作者对Gilbert在振兴交响乐团方面所发挥的影响持怀疑态度。因而本题的正确选项为A。

4.猜词题

猜词题是考研英语阅读中必考的题型，主要考查考生对于文中的某个单词、词组或者句子等的意思的理解和猜测。对于这类题型，考生可以通过上下文的逻辑关系(如并列、转折或因果关系等)来推测相关单词、词组或句子的含义。例如：

28. The word “poached” (Line 3, Paragraph 4) most probably means ________. (Text Two)

[A] approved of[B] attended to [C] hunted for[D] guarded against

解析：在原文中，单词poached所在的句子为：“For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached.”而这个句子后面紧接了一个例子，用于论证单词poached所在句所陈述的观点，因此，考生只要理解了这个例子，便能猜出该词的含义。这个例子的重点是后面的引言：“I can’t think of a single search I’ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.”这句引言表明，CEO的候选人人选首先是从那些在任的CEO中来寻找，这就暗示着，高级经理人的聘用都是公司通过主动找寻得来。因而，此题的正确选项应为C。

5. 推论题

推论题的题干一般都包含若干标志性词汇，如imply、suggest、infer、show、conclude等，要求考生利用文中的细节和事实，并根据上下文提供的线索进行逻辑分析和推断，最终找到正确答案。考生在解答推论题时需要把握以下几点：①有些题目的推理仅仅是对原文信息的同义改写；②考研英语阅读理解所涉及的推理是最简单的逻辑推理，不会涉及复杂的推理和判断；③解题时应基于原文进行推理，不能根据主观经验臆断。请看下面一道真题：

29. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _______. (Text Two)

[A] top performers used to cling to their posts [B] loyalty of top performers is getting out-dated

[C] top performers care more about reputations [D] it’s safer to stick to the traditional rules

解析：根据题干中的提示“from the last paragraph”，考生可直接将答案信息定位至原文最后一段。由最后一段出现的“The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one”以及“The traditional rule was it’s safer to stay where you are, but that’s been fundamentally inverted”可推断出A为正确选项，即高级经理人们现在可接受跳槽了，但过去是不轻易换工作的。

6. 例证题

例证题要求考生找出文中所举的例子是为了论证什么观点。这类题型的解题方法比较简单，考生一般从例子前后表示总结、说明等的句子中便可找出答案。若例子前出现的是for example、 for instance等词组，那么表总结的句子通常出现在例子前面；若例子后出现的是show、prove等词，那么表总结的句子通常会出现在例子后面。例如：

34. Toyota Motor’s experience is cited as an example of ______. (Text Three)

[A] responding effectively to hijacked media [B] persuading customers into boycotting products

[C] cooperating with supportive consumers[D] taking advantage of hijacked media

考研英语阅读理解真题试题 第5篇

Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn’t know for sure? That the evidence was inconclusive, the science uncertain? That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way? Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over three decades, some 10 million smokers went to early graves。

There are upsetting parallels today, as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming. The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earth’s atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made. The clear message is that we should get moving to protest ourselves. The president of the National Academy, Bruce Alberts, added this key point in the preface to the panel’s report: “Science never has all the answers。” But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions。

Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete, that it’s OK to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure. This is a dangerous game: by the time 100 percent of the evidence is in, it may be too late. With the risks obvious and growing, a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now。

Fortunately, the White House is starting to pay attention. But it’s obvious that a majority of the president’s advisers still don’t take global warming seriously. Instead of a plan of action, they continue to press for more research―a classic case of “paralysis by analysis。”

To serve as responsible stewards of the planet, we must press forward on deeper atmospheric and oceanic research. But research alone is inadequate. If the Administration won’t take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures. A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia, which would offer financial incentives for private industry, is a promising start. Many see that the country is getting ready to build lots of new power plants to meet our energy needs. If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound。

26. An argument made by supporters of smoking was that

[A] there was no scientific evidence of the correlation between smoking and death。

[B] the number of early deaths of smokers in the past decades was insignificant。

[C] people had the freedom to choose their own way of life。

[D] antismoking people were usually talking nonsense。

27. According to Bruce Alberts, science can serve as

[A] a protector。

[B] a judge。

[C] a critic。

[D] a guide。

28. What does the author mean by “paralysis by analysis” (Last line, Paragraph 4)?

[A] Endless studies kill action。

[B] Careful investigation reveals truth。

[C] Prudent planning hinders progress。

[D] Extensive research helps decision-making。

29. According to the author, what should the Administration do about global warming?

[A] Offer aid to build cleaner power plants。

[B] Raise public awareness of conservation。

[C] Press for further scientific research。

[D] Take some legislative measures。

30. The author associates the issue of global warming with that of smoking because

[A] they both suffered from the government’s negligence。

[B] a lesson from the latter is applicable to the former。

[C] the outcome of the latter aggravates the former。

[D] both of them have turned from bad to worse。

名师解析

26. An argument made by supporters of smoking was that

吸烟的支持者提出的观点是

[A] there was no scientific evidence of the correlation between smoking and death。

没有科学证据证明吸烟和死亡之间存在相互联系。

[B] the number of early deaths of smokers in the past decades was insignificant。

在过去的几十年中过早死亡的吸烟者人数不多。

[C] people had the freedom to choose their own way of life。

人们有选择自己生活方式的自由。

[D] antismoking people were usually talking nonsense。

反对吸烟的人通常一派胡言。

【答案】 C

【考点】 事实细节题。

【分析】 从第一段可以看出，其实支持吸烟的人的理由不止一个，比如证据不够充分，科学也不能确定，反对吸烟的游说是为了毁掉我们的生活方式等等。[A]选项是出题人故意扩大范围，夸大选项，故意绝对化，原文只是证据不足，而不是没有证据。[B]选项说死亡人数不多，而原文提到的“1,000万”可不是小数字。[D]选项不符合的原因是作者说支持吸烟的人的话是“nonsense”(一派胡言)，而不是反对吸烟的人的话。

27. According to Bruce Alberts, science can serve as

根据布鲁斯・阿尔伯特的观点，科学能充当

[A] a protector. 保护人。 [B] a judge. 评判人、法官。

[C] a critic. 批评者。 [D] a guide. 向导。

【答案】 D

【考点】 事实细节题。

【分析】 文章第二段第四句中有这样的话“科学从来都不能够提供所有的答案，但是科学却能够为我们提供通向未来的最佳引导”。

28. What does the author mean by “paralysis by analysis” (Last line, Paragraph 4)?

作者通过“分析性瘫痪症”(第四段最后一行)表达什么意思?

[A] Endless studies kill action. 无穷尽的研究遏制了行动。

[B] Careful investigation reveals truth. 详细的研究揭示了真理。

[C] Prudent planning hinders. 谨慎的计划阻碍了进展。

[D] Extensive research helps decision-making. 广泛的研究帮助决策。

【答案】 A

【考点】 上下文暗示题。

【分析】 文章第四段说“白宫已经开始关注此事，但是总统顾问中的许多人仍然没有认真对待地球变暖问题，他们不但没有制定行动计划，反而继续要求进行更多的研究――这是典型的分析性麻痹症’”。也就是总统顾问中的许多人通过分析、研究来拖延行动。所以这里应该选择[A]。

29. According to the author, what should the Administration do about global warming?

根据本文作者的看法，政府对全球变暖应该做些什么?

[A] Offer aid to build cleaner power plants. 提供帮助，建造更加清洁的电厂。

[B] Raise public awareness of conservation. 提高公众的环保意识。

[C] Press for further scientific research. 敦促更进一步的科学研究。

[D] Take some legislative measures. 采取一些立法的措施。

【答案】 D

【考点】 推断题。

【分析】 文章的最后一段里面提到“只有研究是不够的，如果政府不采取法律行动，国会应该开始制定保护措施。”[A]选项很具有干扰性，因为原文中出现了“电厂”的概念，这是出题人根据文章最后两句话“很多人看见国家正在做好准备来修建大量的电厂来满足我们的.能源需求。但是如果我们要保护我们的大气，这些电厂必须是环保的。”来编写的干扰项，采取环保措施是“国会”(congress)做的。[B]选项说政府应该提高公众的环保意识，这一点文章没有提到。[C]选项是显然不对的，因为上文刚说光有研究是不够的。只有[D]选项采取立法措施是“政府”(administration)应该做的。

30. The author associates the issue of global warming with that of smoking because

作者把全球变暖和吸烟联系在一起是因为

[A] they both suffered from the government’s negligence。

它们二者都被政府忽视。

[B] a lesson from the latter is applicable to the former。

从后者吸取的教训适用于前者。

[C] the outcome of the latter aggravates the former。

后者的结果恶化了前者。

[D] both of them have turned from bad to worse。

它们二者都已经日益恶化。

【答案】 B

【考点】 推断题。

考研英语阅读理解真题试题 第6篇

Americans no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Why We Should, Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English。

Blaming the permissive 1960s is nothing new, but this is not yet another criticism against the decline in education. Mr. McWhorter’s academic specialty is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of “whom”， for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English。

But the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing our own thing”， has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing over speaking, spontaneity over craft。

Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable. But it is less clear, to take the question of his subtitle, why we should, like, care. As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive―there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas. He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper。

Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English speakers. Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical education reforms―he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful. We now take our English “on paper plates instead of china”. A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one。

36. According to McWhorter, the decline of formal English

[A] is inevitable in radical education reforms。

[B] is but all too natural in language development。

[C] has caused the controversy over the counter-culture。

[D] brought about changes in public attitudes in the 1960s。

37. The word “talking” (Line 5, Paragraph 3) denotes

[A] modesty. [B]personality. [C]liveliness. [D]informality。

38. To which of the following statements would McWhorter most likely agree?

[A] Logical thinking is not necessarily related to the way we talk。

[B] Black English can be more expressive than standard English。

[C] Non-standard varieties of human language are just as entertaining。

[D] Of all the varieties, standard English can best convey complex ideas。

39. The deion of Russians’ love of memorizing poetry shows the author’s

[A] interest in their language. [B] appreciation of their efforts。

[C] admiration for their memory. [D]contempt for their old-fashionedness。

40. According to the last paragraph, “paper plates” is to “china” as

[A] “temporary” is to “permanent”。

[B] “radical ”is to “conservative”。

[C] “functional ” is to “artistic”。

[D] “humble” is to “noble”。

名师解析

36. According to Mc Whorter, the decline of formal English

根据麦克沃特所言， 正式英语的衰退

[A] is inevitable in radical education reforms. 在激进的教育改革中是不可避免的。

[B] is but all too natural in language development. 在语言的发展中实属自然。

[C] has caused the controversy over the counter-culture. 造成了对反文化潮流的争议。

[D] brought about changes in public attitudes in the 1960s. 带来了20世纪60年代公众态度的变化。

【答案】 B

【考点】 事实细节题。

【分析】 第二段的第二句中作者提到麦克沃特，诸如“he sees gradual disappearance of whom’, for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English，”就是要求考生能够理解出正式英语在语言发展中衰退的自然性。选项[A]中提到的激进的教育在文章的最后一段中可以找到“Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical education reforms―he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful。”这句话具有很强的干扰，主要是因为一些考生喜欢直接阅读，而不是先看题目，看到后面反而重点不够突出，似是而非。出题人常用的一个方法就是将一些文章中出现但是实际上没有必然联系的内容揉杂在一起，起到很大的干扰。其实文章中根本没有提到二者有什么关系，只是顺带说他没有提议用激进的教育来改变正式英语衰退的趋势。选项[C]说对反文化有争议，从文中可以看出，将正式英语的衰退归咎于反文化并不会引起什么争议，没有人会认为反文化使得正式英语得到了发展。选项[D]说正式英语的衰退导致公众态度的变化，这样的说法属于典型的因果倒置。出题人意图利用考生临场考试时不稳定的心理状态来干扰考生，看其能否正确理解文章的大意。如果考生不能够养成良好的考试习惯，往往会花费很多额外的时间，因为很多时候，我们只需要知道正确答案是什么，而无需知道也没有时间来分析其他选项错在哪里。

37. The word“talking”(Line 6, Paragraph3) denotes “talking”(第三段第六行)一词表示

[A] modesty. 谦虚。 [B] personality. 个性。

[C] liveliness. 活泼。 [D] informality. 非正式。

【答案】 D

【考点】 语义题。

【分析】 考生必须利用上下文推测单词意思，在原文中首先找到这句话，然后仔细研读，最后才能够体会出这个单词的意思。第三段首先提到“做我们自己的事情”的结果是规范的演讲、作品、诗歌和音乐的死亡。然后提到在20世纪60年代以前那些受过一般教育的人在写作时都用比较高雅的语气，最后又说那些被认为是最重要的作品都试图表现出口语的特色，“talking”战胜了演讲，即兴战胜了技巧。而口语化的`特点就是非正式。

38. To which of the following statements would Mc Whorter most likely agree?

下列哪一种说法麦克沃特最有可能会同意?

[A] Logical thinking is not necessarily related to the way we talk。

逻辑思维并不必然与我们说话的方式相关。

[B] Black English can be more expressive than standard English。

黑人所使用的英语可能比正式英语更有表现力。

[C] Non-standard varieties of human language are just as entertaining。

人类的各种各样非标准的语言一样有趣。

[D] Of all the varieties, standard English can best convey complex ideas。

在英语的各种变体中，标准英语最能表达复杂的思想。

【答案】 A

【考点】 推断题。

【分析】 在第四段第四句话中，我们可以看到，麦克沃特认为所有人类语言，包括黑人的非标准英语，都具有很强的表现力。[B]选项中提到黑人使用的英语，但是说这种英语比正式英语更具有表现力是显然夸大了范围。[D]选项认为正式英语最能够表达复杂的思想，也犯了同样的错误。紧接着作者提到麦克沃特不认为因为我们不能很好地说话我们就不能正确地进行思考。这句话正好应了[A]选项，即正确的逻辑思维不一定与我们说话的方式有关。因此选项[A]是正确的。[C]的说法与原文完全不符合。

39. The deion of Russians’ love of memorizing poetry shows the author’s

就俄罗斯人喜欢记忆诗歌的描述显示出作者

[A] interest in their language. 对他们的语言感兴趣。

[B] appreciation of their efforts. 欣赏他们的努力。

[C] admiration for their memory. 对他们记忆力的仰慕。