骊山英文导游词范文
骊山英文导游词范文第1篇
作者:曹兵刚
致导游
导游朋友们:
为了方便您的工作,我们特制作这本手册,使您对骊山有更全面、更深入的了解。骊山1982年被国务院正式确定为全国第一批重点风景名胜区和第二批全国重点文物保护单位,并被确定为爱国主义教育基地,2001年被评定为国家级森林公园,2002年被评定为国家aaaa级旅游区,2007年被评定为国家地质公园,同年又被评为中国西部最具投资潜力旅游景区。近年来我们又投入巨资开发建设了东绣岭景区,进一步完善了骊山的基础设施,使达摩洞、上善湖、七夕桥、上德苑休闲广场等一批精品景点呈现在了游人面前,更加丰富了骊山的文化内涵。
骊山自古被誉为“华夏源脉”,有着深厚的人文底蕴和秀丽的自然风光,随着景区建设的不断深入,必将焕发出更加夺目的光彩,我们期待着与您的真诚合作!
编者
2008年10月
骊山之最
最古老的传说女娲补天
最凄美的爱情盛唐之恋
最辉煌的历史西安事变
最靓丽的风景山花烂漫
最刺激的体验飞越无限
骊山导游词
“骊山云树郁苍苍,历尽周秦与汉唐。一脉温汤流日夜,几抔荒冢掩皇王。”这是著名学者、诗人郭沫若先生对骊山胜景及其历史地位恰当而准确的概括。
首先来到兵谏园。兵谏园是为纪念西安事变65周年,弘扬张学良、杨虎城两位将军的爱国主义精神而建。园内展出有与西安事变有关的飞机、火炮、汽车、装甲车等兵器。西安事变浮雕再现了西安事变的历史过程,是迄今唯一全面反映西安事变史实的浮雕,于2004年12月12日西安事变68周年时对外开放,成为我们回顾历史的生动教材。(兵谏园及西安事变浮雕简介附后)
下面,我们将要参观的是记载“西安事变”这段特殊历史的重要景点兵谏亭.1936年这里发生了震惊中外的“西安事变”,在一阵枪声中,神色惊慌的蒋介石从华清池后门经这条路向后山逃跑,50岁的蒋介石在慌忙的奔跑中不小心掉进了一个石缝里,扭伤了脚,于是他只能顺势藏在石缝中,听天由命了。当然蒋委员长没有我们今天这么悠闲,大家可以想想看,寒冬腊月,近50岁
的蒋介石,身披睡衣,脚踩拖鞋,惊慌失措是何等的狼狈。这个石缝今天仍然完好地保存着,并且加修了防护铁链,以确保游客安全,这块有花纹的大石头,就是“虎斑石”,关于这块石头还有一个有趣的传说。
眼前这座石亭就是著名的兵谏亭了。九一八事变后,蒋介石携夫人宋美玲来陕,以游山玩水为名,布置大规模的剿共活动,期间,张、杨两将军在洛阳、西安、临潼等地数次劝谏蒋“联共抗日”均遭到拒绝,1936年12月12日凌晨4时许,张、杨带兵对华清池形成包抄之势,酣睡中的蒋突闻枪响,仓惶在两名侍卫搀扶下从华清池五间厅后窗逃跑,藏于半山腰虎斑石东侧石峡洞内,后来被搜山部队发现,扶掖下山,送往西安,这就是震惊中外的“西安事变”,是中国近代史上的一个重要转折点,促进了国共第二次合作,为抗日战争的胜利奠定了坚实的政治基础。这座高4米,宽2.5米的石亭,建于1946年3月,由胡宗南发起,黄埔军校七分校全体士官募捐而成,名曰“正气亭”,是临潼最早的钢筋水泥建筑物,同时,王耀武、陈诚、卫立煌等人在岩上题有“艰苦卓绝”等词,后被铣刷,解放后该亭更名为“捉蒋亭”,1986年12月在纪念“西安事变”50周年前夕,适应统战工作需要,再次易名为“兵谏亭”,并用蓝田美玉制成匾额悬于其上。
下一个景点是晚照亭,大家都知道“骊山晚照”是“关中八景”之一,这座重檐钻尖顶方亭就是取“骊山晚照”之意,建于1981年,从这里可鸟瞰华清池、东花园、临潼全景和渭水。据记载,每当雨过天晴,云开雾散,骊山似一匹青色的骏马,青翠欲滴,清晰可见,在落日的映照下似披上了一层迷人的桔红色,更显得流光溢彩,妩媚动人,有缘人才得一见。关于骊山晚照有二首诗最为著名,一首是明代诗人刘储秀所写,“由来骊山多奇峰,一望岚光翠且重。复此斜阳相映处,红云朵朵照芙蓉。”另一首是清代名士朱集义所写,“幽王遗没旧荒台,翠柏苍松绣作堆,入暮晴霞红一片,疑是烽火自西来。”现在,我们只能从这些诗文的意境中去体味骊山晚照的辉煌。大家可以随意留览一下,借此机会,我向各位介绍一下临潼的历史。临潼位于关中平原中部,西距古都西安30公里,面积890平方公里,人口65万。元代以前渭河南北分两县,南为骊戎(这也是骊山的由来),北宋时因骊戎东临临河,西临潼河,两水环绕入渭河,故改为临潼县,(1997年6月30日撤县设区)。临潼自古是一个风水宝
地,人杰地灵,祖先为我们留下了无尽的宝藏,目前临潼的文物区主要有三大部分,一是以姜寨遗址为代表的始前文化区,二是以兵马俑为代表的秦文化区,三是以华清池为代表的唐文化区,所以当地人无不自豪地说,在临潼每一脚踩下去都是秦砖汉瓦,今天的临潼人也在为把临潼发展成一个旅游名城而努力。现在我们看到的是并蒂皂角树,是由杨贵妃与唐玄宗在长生殿前亲手种下的,是他们凄美爱情的永恒见证,“七月七日长生殿,夜半无人私语时。在天愿作比翼鸟,在地愿为连理枝。”被传为千古佳话。
坐落在骊山第二峰的老母殿是为了纪念传说中中华民族创始人女娲而建的,相传女娲“抟黄土做人”,创造了人类,又在骊山炼石补天,劳苦功高,后世人尊她为“骊山老母”,她死后,人们将其葬于骊山之阳(今蓝田县境内)又在骊山上修女娲祠纪念.据载,女娲本为骊山附近一名杰出的氏族首领,每当农历六月十三日,四方群众携床单干粮,夜宿骊山,祭祀老母,这个风俗沿续至今,称为“单子会”,并逐渐成为一种附近居民的欢乐节,庙会期间,寺前庙后,人头攒动,好不热闹。这里也是骊山又一个最佳观景点,从这儿远眺,重山叠障,苍翠欲滴,不觉使人神清气爽。
大家眼前的这座大殿即是老君殿了。老君殿始建于唐代。唐高宗李治因老君姓李,且为道教始祖,认为和其同宗,更加敬之,被认作先人,上了封号,相传唐玄宗游幸华清宫时,两次在此梦到老君降临阁内,因此称为“降圣阁”又称“朝元阁”,殿内原供奉着白玉老君像,是唐代西域著名雕像家元迦儿的杰作,玉像造型细腻,刀法简练,神态逼真,充分显示了我国古代人民的无穷智慧和丰富想象力,后经“安史之乱”,华清宫被焚,这精美的石雕艺术品的正身和莲花座均被烧裂,双手被道人盗走,其后,刻木手嵌于腕下,现玉像保存在陕西省博物馆。
明圣宫位于老母殿南侧,始建于1992年,是台湾著名爱国人士颜武雄等人为报答映登仙祖保佑之恩,捐资修建的一座大型道教观。明圣宫占地面积60余亩,共有殿堂房屋300余家。明圣宫是我国现代少有的大型纯木古建筑群,是西北规模最大的道教宫观。
鸟语林坐落在西绣岭,占地面积50余亩,网内空间100多万立方米,充分利用原有峡谷地带,使涧、溪、瀑、潭、池巧妙地串成一体,自然流畅,碧
水长流,树木葱郁,鸟语花香,给人以回归自然,世外桃源之感。园内存养有上百种近十万只珍禽异鸟,有朱鹮、鸵鸟、白鹭、富贵鸟、代胜、大雁、七彩小鸟、美国落地王鸽等。
现在大家看到的是
我们公司在2008年修建的一个储水量为两千立方米的人工湖,叫做上善湖,它既是一个景观湖,又保证园区内的卫生用水以及园内树木的绿化灌溉。这个名字来源于老子的《道德经》第八章。上善若水,意思就是说,最善良的人就像水一样滋润万物而不与万物相争。老子用水性来形容品德高尚的人,他认为做人要做有利于众人的事而不与之相争,即是老子“善利万物而不争”的著名思想.在这里湖与老君殿遥相呼应,浑然一体,置身于此,你的心灵也会受到洗礼。
“无限风光在险峰”,沿着这条气势宏伟的台阶路,我们还可以沿途欣赏到骊山东绣岭秀丽的自然风光。现在我们已登上骊山最高峰烽火台了,在这一段路途中有一个独特的现象,这里的树干都是扭曲的,我们叫它拧拧柏。关于这还有一个美丽的传说. 烽火台是古代战时传递战报,调兵的设施,相传西周末年,周幽王娶了一位貌若天仙的女子名曰褒姒,可遗憾的是褒姒自进宫以来从未开言一笑,于是周幽王便采纳了奸臣虢石父的计谋,无故点燃狼烟,引得四方诸侯前来救驾,当众诸侯汗流浃背赶来时,见到的却是烽火台上的灯红酒绿,歌舞升平,于是愤然离去,这时,褒姒看见众臣的狼狈样,果真“扑嗤”一声笑了,为此周幽王大大奖励了虢石父。公元前775年,犬戎入侵西周,当周幽王再次点燃烽火时,却无人来救,西周至此灭亡了,从而留下了一个“烽火戏诸侯,一笑失天下”的典故。眼前这座烽火台,是1985年在烽火台遗址上用精制的仿古砖修筑起来的,高约13米,底座10米见方,顶端有一个观景方亭,游人可沿内壁楼梯盘旋而上,如果有兴趣,大家可登台顶而四望,临潼景区可尽收眼底,你自然会有一番好心境。顺便告诉各位,这烽火台还真的启用过,时间是1990年西安临潼第一届石榴节,而且用的是真的狼粪点燃,是从动物园中收集的。但却不是用来报警,而是供游客们进行观览,在笑声中记取这千年古训。
从烽火台向南望去,那座球形屋顶就是天文台,中国科学院陕西天文台, 篇二:最全华清池骊山导游词-赵东达分享
华清池、骊山导游词
华清池具有6000年的温泉利用史和3000年皇家园林建筑史。华清池位于西安市临潼区骊山脚下。骊山是秦岭的一条支脉,它的得名说法甚多:一说其满山松柏,青翠欲滴,远远望去,就像是一匹青苍色的骏马,故名骊山。一说这里曾是古丽戎国所在地,所以叫骊山。骊山自然景观秀丽多姿,“入目晴霞红一片,尚疑烽火自西来”就是著名的关中八景之一-骊山晚照。 华清池是历代帝王游幸之地,相传周幽王曾在这里修建骊宫。秦始皇时,以石筑室为宇,因此改名:“骊山汤”。汉武帝时,在秦汤基础之上修葺扩建为离宫。隋文帝时重加修饰,列植松柏数千株。到了唐代,唐太宗诏令在这里营建宫殿楼阁,取名“汤泉宫”。唐高宗改名“温泉宫”。唐玄宗再次扩建,取“温泉毖涌而自浪,华清荡邪而难老”的诗意,把骊山宫殿正式定名为“华清宫”。又因,此处以温泉为特征,所以又称华清池,这一名称沿用至今。今天的华清池是在清代建筑基础上经多次修缮、扩建及发掘复原唐代遗址后形成的,是唐华清宫的十分之一,分为东区、中区和西区。1956年郭沫若先生游览华清池后感慨万分,挥笔写下了:“华清池水色青苍,此日规模越盛唐。”恰如其分的道出了华清池的风貌与发展。
说到这里给就要给大家讲讲杨玉环了。 杨玉环祖籍弘农(今华阴),原为李隆基第十八子寿王李瑁的王妃,她是中国古代四大美女之一,杨玉环不光姿色出众,又精通歌舞,性格活波开朗,深受李隆基喜爱。开元二十八年(公元730年),李隆基在高力士的怂恿下,诏其在骊山温泉宫见驾,赐为女道士,号太真,将其纳入后宫,一时间,“三千宠爱在一身”,后封为贵妃。每到冬季,李隆基都携贵妃前来华清宫避寒,唐代诗人白居易在《长恨歌》中所描写的“春寒赐浴华清池,温泉水滑洗凝脂。侍儿扶起娇无力,始是新承恩泽时。”便是他们当时的生活写照。杨玉环的亲属们也纷纷取得朝中要职,她的堂兄杨国忠更是身居相位。天宝十四年(公元755年)范阳节度使安禄山以讨伐权相杨国忠为名起兵造反,次年攻陷长安,李隆基率众西逃,逃至今兴平县马嵬坡,六军不发,护卫部队杀死杨国忠,并逼迫李隆基将杨玉环缢死于马嵬驿中。《长恨歌》结尾两句“天长地久有时尽,此恨绵绵无绝期”为他们爱情故事的悲剧结局加了最好的注解。 华清池内与李隆基、杨玉环有关的重要遗址还有梨园遗址,位于华清池东大.门内右侧,是他们教习梨园弟子演练歌舞的地方。今天的戏剧演员们称梨园弟子,起源于此。 从御汤博物馆向东有一组封闭的园林,称环园。环园南部高台之上有一字排开坐南朝北的五间房屋,人称“五间厅”。中国现代史上著名的“西安事变”就发生在这里。 这五间厅可谓来历不浅。八国联军进攻北京时,慈禧西逃时就住过这里;1934年修葺后,这里又成国民党高官游览休闲的场所;1936年10月、12月蒋介石两次到陕西来,都住在五门厅。他在这里策划高级军事会议,推行“攘外必先安内”的政策,引起了爱国将领张学良、杨虎城的强烈不满,
导致了震惊中外的西安事变。 今天,当我们来到这里,自然会重温60多年前的一幕。你们看,这一号厅房为蒋介石的侍从室,二号厅房是蒋介石的卧室,三号厅房是他的办公室,四号厅房为会议室,五号厅房是蒋的秘书办公室。东边的三门厅是蒋介石贴身侍卫蒋孝先等人的住宿地和无线电通讯班所在地。各门办公室使用的桌子、椅子、床、沙发、茶具、火炉、地毯、电话等均按原貌复制摆放。游客们仍然能看到当年激战时在玻璃上留下的子弹孔和蒋介石从这里翻窗逃出后躲到俪山上的痕迹。 事变解决后,国民党政府为纪念这一事件,在虎斑石旁修建了一个草木结构的亭子,称“民族复兴亭”。1946年,胡宗南将亭子改建为钢筋水泥结构,更名为“正气亭”。解放后,人民政府将这个亭子改名为“捉蒋亭”,1986年,西安事变五十周年前夕,正式易名为“兵谏亭”。
【津阳门】 华清池的正门,叫津阳门,俗称东门。这个门是一字排开的五间仿唐建筑,房檐下悬挂的是“华清池”金字匾额,是一代文豪郭沫若先生所写。
【杨玉环奉诏华清宫壁画】 飞霜殿北面,这一副由90块汉白玉组成的大型壁画,就是《杨玉环奉诏温泉宫》。描绘的是开元二十八年十月的一个夜晚,唐玄宗在骊山温泉宫一座华丽的殿宇里,第一次召见杨玉环的生动场面。整个画面由53个不同人物组合而成,不仅反映了李、杨宫廷生活的一面,而且从中可以看到我国盛唐时期政治,经济和文化的繁荣景象。
【九龙宫景区】 九龙宫景区,这里属华清池西区。走进后大家便看到面积为530平方米的九龙湖。许多游客一定想问:此处湖、宫为何都以九龙为名? 其实原因十分简单。此湖分成上下两个湖,中间有长堤东西横贯。堤上东为晨旭亭,西为晚霞亭,相互对应,与上湖南岸的一亭谢相映成趣。谢下伸一大龙头,龙日
泉水淙淙,长年不绝,所以取名龙吟树。堤壁间已有八龙吐水,与大龙头合为九龙之数,因而以九龙命名。
【飞霜殿】 背后的这座大殿叫“飞霜殿”。每到深秋季节,降霜之时,由于九龙汤内水汽蒸扬,从而使寒霜飘浮在空中,飞来飞去,迟迟不落,所以取名飞霜殿。东西为两个配殿,分别为沉香殿和宜春殿。 2006年7月31日(农历七月七日),中国首部大型山水情景舞剧《长恨歌》在华清池九龙湖上隆重推出,舞剧改编自白居易脍炙人口的《长恨歌》,通过歌舞艺术,以“七月七日长生殿,夜半无人私语时。在天愿作比翼鸟,在地愿为连理枝”的李杨爱情誓言为主线,再现一千多年前唐玄宗和杨贵妃缠绵悱恻的爱情故事。该舞剧斥资5000万元,演出环境堪称国内一流。纵面四望,神秘的夜景置于观众面前。骊山、九龙湖山光水色,水乳交融。龙吟榭、晨旭亭、晚霞亭、拱桥、宜春殿、沉香殿、飞霜殿等雕梁画栋,错落有致。由远及近,分为多层次的艺术自然空间。九龙湖水面宽阔,景色宜人,宛若一面明镜。一架九龙桥将湖面分为上、下两湖。舞台包括上湖的长方形辅舞台,下湖的隐蔽式三维百变主舞台。湖面上为梦幻变色水幕,在每场演出前喷出水幕,并从中间向两侧徐徐散开,拉出演出帷幕。近1000平方米的水上舞台在水面上自由升降,湖周的飞霜殿、沉香殿、九曲回廊等斗拱飞檐,雕梁画栋,华灯怒放,树影婆娑,3000张电子伸缩椅将观众拉回唐代。演出全长60分钟,包括奉诏温泉宫、贵妃出浴、七夕盟誓、贵妃醉酒、千里单骑送荔枝等十余个场景。演出引领大家梦回大唐华清宫。今晚8:30分,我们就可在此观看演出。
【骊山】 我们对面这座苍翠的山。这座山的名字叫“骊山”。骊山的得名一说从远处看像一座黑色的骏马,古代称黑色的马为“骊”,故名骊山;另一说这里古代曾是骊戎国所在地,所以得名骊山。骊山主要由三座山峰所构成:第一峰也就是最高峰是烽火台所在地。在这里曾发生“褒姒一笑失天下”的故事;第二座峰是骊山老母殿所在地,就是为纪念炼五彩石补苍天的女娲人们修建供奉之所;第三座峰是朝元阁遗址,即唐王朝在此朝拜祭祀大圣祖玄元皇帝之所,故称朝元阁,亦称老君殿。当年在此出土了珍贵的道教老子像。唐代道教非常盛行,原因是道教始祖老子俗姓李,唐代皇帝也姓李,他们认为老子是他们的远祖,自己是老子的后裔,因此在此修建老子庙,便于供奉和祭祀。老君殿东侧有长生殿遗址,唐玄宗与杨贵妃“七月七日长生殿,夜半无人私语时;在天愿作比翼鸟,在地愿为连理枝”的一幕就发生在这里。
【龙石舫】 沿着西部南行便是龙石舫。“舫”的形象与舟相似,筑于水滨,是中国古代园林最富情趣的建筑,为的正是在“舟自横”中,突出“野渡无人”的境界。顺着九曲回廊前行,我们便看到九龙湖。为什么叫它九龙湖?大家看远处长堤下有八条小龙,在往上看还有一条老龙。传说大禹治水时期,关中大旱,玉帝派一条老龙率八条小龙为人间普降甘露,当旱情刚刚缓解后,众小龙贪玩,导致旱情加剧;玉帝一怒之下将八条小龙压在长堤之下,长堤东西两侧各压晨旭亭和晚霞亭;将老龙压在龙吟榭下,让他监视八条小龙终日口吐清泉,为民灌田。
【唐御汤遗址博物馆】 御汤遗址博物馆。有人说唐玄宗李隆基能年过半百仍然风流倜傥,杨玉环能始终三千宠爱在一身,都与他们经常沐浴温泉有着密切的关系。1982年,在清理唐代建筑遗址时,发现了五座汤池遗址,1990年在遗址上建成了我们眼前的这组御汤遗址博物馆,总面积7000多平方米
为它专供杨贵妃沐浴,又得了贵妃池这个美称。我们看池中间,有一个进水口。出土时有一个汉白玉雕成的莲花底座,这在史书上也有记载,也是考证时的重要依据。这莲花底座上边接莲花喷头,下边接陶水管,与温泉水源相通。当时温泉水量足,出水压力大,温泉水从莲花喷头喷出时,水花向四周喷散,飞珠走玉税务满期,相当现在的淋浴。白居易在《长恨歌》中描写的“春寒赐浴华清池,温泉水滑洗凝脂。侍儿扶起娇无力,始是新承恩泽时”。不正是其景的写照吗?
【莲花汤】 我们现在看到的是莲花汤,又叫御汤或九龙殿。是专门供唐玄宗李隆基沐浴的。这个汤池下面是八边形,池中有两个进水孔,并装有双莲花底座,比贵妃池多了一个,因为这里毕竟是供皇帝用的。据《明皇杂录》记载,安禄山为取悦玄宗,从范阳取上等汉白玉雕成鱼、龙、飞燕,还有双莲花座置放于池中,供玄发财
【星辰汤】 星辰汤是供唐太宗李世民沐浴的,比贵妃池要早100多年,而且延续时间最悠久。考古专家发现这个汤池遗址下边还有西周和秦的汤池遗址。星辰汤右边这个小规模的殿宇,是沐浴者更衣休息的地方。再看基部四周有条浅浅的不宽的环渠,这叫散水。那时渠中有温泉水自然流动,水气蒸腾不断散发热量,因为这里离温泉水源最近,水流到这里有40度。这道散水沟是中国最早的暖气设施。
【尚食汤】 西南角的这座小殿宇名叫尚食汤。是供尚食局的官员沐浴的池子。南北对称的两个台阶。大家看,在北边台阶下有6个小石窝,他们是做什么用的呢?这个在史书中没有记载,但是根据有关人士分析,这可能是用来蹭脚的。
【太子汤】 太子汤的沐浴者,顾名思义就是东宫的皇太子。始建于公元644年,先后共经历80余年。沐浴的皇太子有李承乾、李治、李忠、李弘、李贤、李宪、李旦、李崇君、李隆基、李瑛共10人,其中仅有4位君临天下,其他的几位都成了皇权斗争的牺牲品。由此可见,唐宫廷内部争夺皇位是何等的激烈和残酷。太子汤采用“星辰汤”排水道供水,既摆正了皇帝与皇太子之间的尊卑关系,又解决了礼制犯忌的问题,寓意着来自“星辰汤”的温泉能使皇太子常沐父皇恩泽。由于太子汤的四壁及池底遭到较严重的破坏,唐时的青石板大多已不复存在,再考虑到整个博物馆的建筑格局,所以太子汤以露天的形式陈设。
【飞霞阁】 飞霞阁为方形顾名思义,只要你来得正当时,譬如说旭日东升或夕阳西下之际,便能看到阁周围一派飞霞流彩的景色。其实它还有个真名称晾发台,因为建阁的实际目的是给一代美人贵妃娘娘沐浴后晾发
【温泉水源】 这座拱形的建筑便是温泉池的总源。我国有温泉2700多处,是世界上温泉最多的国家之一。而华清池的骊山温泉因开发利用早,并且受历代帝王亲睐而名冠诸泉之首,享有“天下第一御泉”的美称。 温泉,大多
含有对人体有益的矿物质和微量元素。沐浴温泉,不仅可以消除疲劳,还具有治疗多种疾病的功效。骊山温泉水温常年在43℃,水质纯净,具有医疗价值的矿物质和微量元素的含量较高。根据科学检测,骊山温泉水质属低矿化、弱碱性、中等放射性泉水,故又称硅水、氟水和放射性氡水。这些均达到了医疗用水的标准,故有“自然之经方,天地之元医”的美称。由于温泉神奇的功效,赢得帝王们的特别喜好,并形成了一种专供帝王享用的传统特权。
骊山温泉可疗疾起源于2000年前的秦代,《三秦》记载:秦始皇幸游骊山时遇见一位神女,遂有调戏之举,神女一气之下唾于始皇面部,始皇脸部遂即生疮,病久治不愈。始皇追悔莫及,向神女表示忏悔,神女见其有悔改之意,便说:“此有温汤,何不一洗”,始皇就用骊山温泉治疗了毒疮。秦始皇汤戏神女的传说虽不足信,但却印证了温泉可治愈疾病的历史。 骊山温泉除其特有的医疗作用和得天独厚的自然条件外,还可改变植物的生长习性。相传秦始皇在冬季命人在骊山温谷中种西瓜,引起了儒生们的怀疑而被坑杀,酿成了著名的“焚书坑儒”事件。数百年后的唐代,唐华清宫内辟有西瓜园。王建有“酒幔高楼一百家,宫前杨柳寺开花,内园分得温泉水,二月中旬已进瓜”的佳句,证明了古代劳动人民能巧妙地利用温泉进行农业技术革新。
【五间厅】 五间厅是西安事变的重要遗址。1936年12月12日五间厅的枪声划破了夜空,蒋介石闻讯急忙从后窗翻出,逃到了骊山腰间的一个石缝里,后被张学良、杨虎城的士兵捉获。为了避免内战,联合抗日,中共中央主张和平解决“西安事变”,并应张、杨电请,派周恩来率中共代表团前往西安,终于迫使蒋介石接受了“联共抗日”的主张,12月25日蒋介石获释回南京。西安事变和平解决,促进了抗日民族统一战线的形成和发展,开始了国共合作的新时期。 我们现在看到的一号厅房为侍从室,二号厅房为会议房,三号厅房为蒋介石的办公室,四号厅房为蒋介石的卧室,五号厅房是蒋介石的秘书办公室。东边的三间厅,是蒋介石贴身侍卫蒋孝先等人住宿的地方和无线电通讯班所在地。1946年,国民党政府在蒋介石当年藏身的虎斑石处修了“民族复兴亭”,又叫“正气亭”,解放后改为“捉蒋亭”,现在又改称“兵谏亭”。时至今日,近70年的漫漫岁月正在一天天的消除人们的记忆,但华清池五间厅却时时刻刻地向游人诉说着事变的原委和历史意义。
【梨园】 从五间厅出来,看到的仿唐建筑是梨园。是唐玄宗和杨贵妃在华清宫内教习梨园弟子的地方,唐代梨园本部在西安城北边,而这里是随驾梨园。,华清宫梨园又称随驾梨园。梨园,顾名思义,是栽植梨树的果园。梨园作为我国古代音乐舞蹈艺术的雅称,源于唐开元2年(公元714年),由唐玄宗李隆基倡导确定把梨园作为音乐、舞蹈、戏剧活动的中心,且以教习和演奏法曲为重点,并集合了李龟年等诸多音乐名师和舞蹈家,诗人贺知章、李白度为梨园编写过上演的节目,从而使梨园成为我国历史上第一所皇家歌舞戏剧综合艺术学校,也因此被尊奉为中国戏曲艺术的鼻祖。 我们知道,唐玄宗和杨贵妃的爱情能成为千古绝唱,是因为他们有着对音乐舞蹈共同的爱好,据说杨贵妃擅长霓裳羽衣舞,如白居易所写“此曲只应天上有,人间能得几回闻。”现在,这里每天定时举办“贵妃伴驾游”“明皇选妃”等仿唐舞蹈 篇三:西安兵马俑 华清池 骊山导游解说词 兵马俑 华清池 骊山旅游攻略
秦始皇陵位于西安以东30公里的骊山北麓,南依骊山,北临渭水。高大的封冢在巍巍峰峦环抱之中与骊山浑然一体,景色优美,环境独秀。所以一年四季都适宜到那里旅游,不过最好是春天,因为这时候气候比较温和。
交通:游5(306)西安火车站(起点)兵马俑(终点)或西安至兵马俑旅游中巴,车票价5元/人。
票价:旺季:3月1日至当年11月底,全票150元人民币/人次,优惠票75元人民币/人次; 淡季:12月1日至次年2月底,全票65元人民币/人次,优惠票35元人民币/人次。
西安兵马俑导游解说词
兵马俑简介
一号坑为东西向的长方形坑,长230米,宽62米,四周各有亓个门道。坑东西两端有长廊,南北两侧各有一边廊,中间为九条东西向过洞,过洞之间以夯土墙间隔。这个坑以车兵为主体,车、步兵成矩形联合编队。军阵主体面向东,在南、北、西边廊中各有一排步士面向外,担仸护翼和后卫;东面三排步士为先锋。九个过洞内排列着战车与步兵的庞大主体军阵,每个过洞内有四列步士,有的穿战袍,有的着铠甲,中间配有战车,每辆战车后有 御手一名,车士两名。
二号兵马俑坑于1994年3月1日开始正式发掘。全坑划分20x20米的24个探方。每个探方又以十字隔梁分成4个大小相等的小方。二号俑坑上部覆盖的表土已被清除,棚木遗迹已揭示出来。图中所示是二号俑坑发掘现场的局部情况。
三号坑面积520平方米,呈“凹”字形状。出土战车一乘,马俑四件,步士俑68件。坑内陶俑以夹道式排列,它是秦军阵的指挥中心。
陵铜车马出土于秦始皇陵西侧20m处,1980年局部试掘铜车马坑时,在一木椁内出土一前一后纵置的两辆大型铜车马,出土时已残破,经修复后恢复原状。
秦始皇帝陵位于西安市临憧区东的骊山北麓。通过耂古勘探,在陵园内外已发现各种陪葬坑、陪葬墓及修陵人员的墓葬500余座。陪葬坑中比较重要的有:兵马俑坑、铜车马坑、马厩坑、珍禽异兽坑、石铠甲坑、百戏俑坑、文吏俑坑、青铜水禽坑,以及各种附葬坑等。另外,在陵园内外还发现寝殿、便殿、园寺吏舍等大量的宫殿建筑遗址。整个陵园犹如一座丰富的地下文物宝库。它是中国历代帝王陵中规模最大、埋藏物最多的一座陵园。
导游词一:
秦兵马俑坑是秦始皇的陪葬坑,由一号二号三号坑组成.今已建成博物馆.兵马俑排列成阵,气势壮观.兵马俑分将军俑骑兵俑步士俑陶马等.馆内还展出了大型彩绘铜车马.被称为世界第八大奇迹的秦兵马俑展示了古长安往日的辉煌. 现在我们已经到了目的地----一号坑.一号坑在三个俑坑中面积最大,东西有230米长,南北有62米宽,总面积有14260平方米呢!坑里的兵马俑也最多,有6000多个呢! 那么现在我就带领大家一起去看看类型众多的兵马俑吧!请大家在游览过程中不要乱丢垃圾,随地吐痰,破坏公共文物等........ 看!这就是将军俑.它身材魁梧,头戴鹤冠,身上披着铠甲,手里还握着宝剑,看它那若有所思样子,好像在耂虑如何打退匈奴大军呢! 那个兵马俑名叫步士俑.它身穿战袍,披挂铠甲,脚上还穿着前端向上翘的战靴,手里还拿着兵器,瞧他那神气的样子,准能把敌人吒的屁滚尿流! 看这个身披铠甲骑在马上的青年,就是骑兵俑,他手持弓箭好像在等将军一声令下,就去与
匈奴大军作殊死拼博! 这个兵马俑是陶马,它的大小跟真马差不多,个个形体健壮,肌肉丰满.看它那跃跃欲试的样子,好像一声令下,就会撒开四蹄,腾空而起,踏上征程哩! 秦兵马俑形象地展现了当年秦始皇秦军百万,战车千乘(sheng)的景象。
今天,我们将参观秦兵马俑博物馆。秦兵马俑博物馆位于酉安市东35公里处,仍喜来登酒店坐车到那里大约需要50分钟时间。自秦兵马俑博物馆于1979年10月1日开馆至今,已有为效众多国家的党政首脑都参观过这个博物馆,更有数以百万计的中外游客不远干里来参观这个人类奇迹。法国总统希拉克曾留言说过:“世界上原有七大奇迹,秦兵马俑的发现,可以说是第八大奇迹了。不看金字塔.不算真正到过埃及不看秦俑,不算真正到过中国。”美国前副总统蒙代尔也说;“这是真正的奇迹。全世界人民都应该到这里看一看。”仍这些高度凝练的话语中,我们不难看出秦俑的历史价值及艺术价值。下面,我想把秦始皇这位成就一代伟业的历史巨人介绍给诸位,以便使大家能对秦始皇兵马俑和与之相关的历史有一个较详尽的了解。
谈秦兵马俑,必须先介绍一下面赢政。公元前259年,一代伟人赢政诞生了。13岁时,其父死后.他继承了王位。按照泰国惯例.国王在22岁举行过“加冕礼”以后,才可以亲自执政。当时.秦国的大权仌攀握在太后、相国吕不韦、宦官谬瘪(160 6i)手中。特别是螺贞.手握大权,炙手可热,他见宛改逐渐长大,便阴谋叛乱.夺取政权。公元前238年,22岁的赢政去故都雍城纳新年宫举行加冕礼。谬酉在仍霸年宫回咸阳的路上埋下伏兵,准备将赢政杀死。当赢政察觉此事后,凭优势兵力订败锣盔,将其生擒并车裂致死。赢政亲致以后.以吕不韦放纵嫁亮为名,放逐日不韦。吕不韦后来饮毒洒自毙。这样,赢政顺利地消灭了政权内部的两大敌对势力,巩固了自身的地位。
为了进一步巩固君主权力,赢政选用了一批精明强干酌文臣步将,如掌握军事的尉缭,攀管国欧的李斯。接着,赢政制定了远交近攻、离间外敌、各个击破的战赂方针,开始统一中国,结束了春秋战国以来长达500多年各诸侯国割据称雄的混乱局面。仍公元前230年到公元前221年,在不到io年的时间里,泰国灭亡了6国,终于完成了统一大业,建立了第一个中央集权的封建国家,为封建社会经济、政治、思想文化的迅速发展奠定了基础。这又一次显示了赢政的维才大赂。
赢政称自己为始皇帝.因为他希望他的子孙后代能把他所创立的政权干代万代传下去。为此.他整顿了官僚制度。第一.仍中央到地方的官吏全由他亲自仸免;第二,废除分封制,推行郡县制。第三.秦始皇还统一了法律、文字、货币、度量衡等。这些措施极大地推动了封建社会政治、经济、文化的发展。另外,他还征用劳役,广修驰道,使各地交通便利,以利经济文化的交流。他将战国时期秦、赵、燕三国修筑的长城连在一起后.又加以扩展,形成了西起甘肃临挑,东到辽东因石的万里长城,有效地遏制tjb方游牧部族对案朝的骚扰。
中国皇帝大都为自己营造巨大而豪华的陵墓。在这一点上,案始皇也不例外。在他13岁刚即位时,就下令为其修建陵墓。这座原高120米.周长2000多米的巨大陵丘、虽经风雨侵蚀和人为破坏,现在仌有76米之高,g长400多米之大.案始皇把都城威阳微缩于自己的陵
园内,其布局几乎完全相同。陵园内城西北部为献殿建筑区,陵东北部洼地是用以祭记的养鱼池,陵园外城西北角是石料加工场.陵西外城之外是一个大坟场。据史书记载,秦朝全国总人口约2000万,壮丁不过700万,而筑陵时,壮丁最多达70万,可见工程之浩大。
现在,我们面对的是秦俑馆一号坑,坑里就是号称“世界第八大奇迹”的秦兵马俑。面对威步整肃的庞大军阵,你们的脑子里一定会闪现如下问题:这些秦佣是怎么发现的?为什么他们的相貌各异?为什么要制作这些俑?
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2、3号坑里共有多少俑等等。好,现在我就一一回答大家的这些问题。
这些俑是1974年3月西杨村农民们在打五的过程中发现的。据村里的老人讲.早在明朝,就有人在这里发现了秦俑。有一天,住在村里的难民在村外空地上订了一口五,五水清澈,甚是喜人,可是第二天他们却发现五底的水不见了。他们中胆大的腰系绳子,下去查看。不一会儿.五里传来惊叫声,上面的人暖紧把五里的人拉上来。这人说,他看见一个站立着的、身穿盔甲的怪物.伸手要抓他。听者都非常害怕,想赶快用土回填那口五。但他们最终决定报告文物部门。
经过耂古专家们的勘探、鉴定.秦捅馆内的t、
2、3号坑被确认为案始皇棱的陪葬坑。仍1974年到1979年,经过5年的艰苦努力,在1号坑遗址上矗立起一座气势宏伟、结构科学的建筑物。这就是1979年10月对国内外游客开放的素兵马俑1号坑。3号坑在1989年9月27日世界旅游日对外开放。现在,在2号坑的遗址上,一座大理石建筑又落成了,它于1994年11月开始接待游客。仍此,3个俑坑全都被保护在建筑物里,不再经受风吹日晒雨淋。在供游人观看、怀古的同时,耂古工作者们还在这里继续发掘整理兵马俑。
经测量,1号坑东西长330米,南北宽62米,面积4260平方米。侗坑的最东端是3gf面向东的步士,每排7个,共210个捅。他们是部队的前锋。前锋部队的后面为部队的主体,他们被诽成38路纵队,站在11个坑道里。每个坑道都是青砖铺地,坑道内例的两边,每隔2米就有1根立柱。这些立柱支撑着木质屋顶,屋顶上是织成“人”字形的纹席.席上是土。整个坑道距地表5米深。另外,在坑道的南、北、西三面备有一列面向外的步士.他们分别是部队的右翼、左翼和后卫。现在,1号坑已出土1000多件陶桶。根据推剿.全部发掘完后.仅1号坑就将出土6000多个兵马桶。
这里是1994年11月开放的2号坑。它是由车兵、骑兵和步兵构成的曲尺形方阵。估计可出土兵侗1000多件,车马和鞍马500多匹。2号坑占地6000平方米。它东面突出部分为一个小方阵,6334个弯兵桶组成。2号坑南部为64乘战车组成纳方阵,每排有8辆战车,共
8诽;中部为19辆战车和随车徒手兵涌;北部是战车和骑兵。北部是由战车6乘、鞍马和骑兵各124件组成的骑兵阵。
现在,我们来到了3号坑,它位于2号坑西边25米处。这个坑是1976年发现的。它里凹字形,占地520平方米。在3号坑里,耂古专家们只发现1辆战车和64件步士捅。它们两两相对站立,手捏仪卫兵器曼(sh6)。大多数耂古专家认为,仍这个坑里步士的排列方式和手中所握的兵器,以及该坑与秦陵的位置来判断,3号坑是整个军阵的指挥部。据估计,等
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2、3导坑全部开损后,将出土8000多件陶佰。这些佰相貌各异:有的沉稳刚毅,有的英勇果敢,有的慈善含笑。可谓杨杨如生,神情各异。因为,它们全是根据秦始皇彻林军中的将士们制作的,因此,在8000“地下御林军”中,弥绝对找不到两个相貌、形体相同的捅。他们一个个气废不凡,最重的有300多公斤,员轻的也有100多公斤,身高仍1.7米到1.9米不等。如果大家仔细观瞧,不难分辨出兵桶中履些是陕酉人,娜些是四川人,哪些是甘肃东部人。这仍他们的胡须梳理方式和长相即可看出。我们很多人在电影中都见过日本人的“仁丹须”.其实,案便中就有蓄仁丹胡酌,可见,这并不是日本人的发明,早在2000多年前,中国就有人留这种胡须了。
那些穿窄袖战袍外套,披挂齐腰短甲,脚登紧带兽皮鞋,头戴防风妇的,显然是机警的骑兵。那个左脚着地,s膝弓起,右腿脆地,有脚底向后翘起的为跪射佰。
他双目乎视前方,神情专注。这个涌鞋底的针角,两头细致续密.中间疏稀.完全符合历支真实。在亓六十年代的陕西农村,很多农民仌喜欢穿这种挂、只是鞋尖不向上朗翘而已。几乎每个捅的衣襟上都刻有工匠的姓名,这符合“物勒工名,以耂其诚”的制度。我们今天实行的产品质量监督管理制度,秦人2000年前就已采用了。
涌坑中约马屑典型的河西走廊马。它身高l 5米,长2米,分为头、颈、躯干和腿四部分。腿为实心,躯干中空,分段烧制,再组合在一起。马的两耳宜立,体型健壮优美。由此可看出,秦人不愧为养马世族。大家也许要问秦始皇为什么要为他制作数量如此之多的兵马桶呢?它们是怎样烧制成的呢?原来,秦始皇曾想用4000童男童女为其殉葬。他降旨令李斯承办此事。李斯心中惧怕.未敢马上执行此令。因为,6造秦腔.建筑长城已惹得民怨沸腾,再让如此众多的童男室女殉葬,岂不是火上浇油吗?他将来恐怕也死无葬身之地。于是,李斯向美始皇建议;制作与其人真马一样大小的兵马桶,守护其亡灵,以壮声威。闻听此官,秦始皇大喜,他重新降旨,让李斯征集全国的能工巧匠.以他的8060御林军为原型.q作陶佰。这些桶必须手握实战兵器按实战队形排列,秦始皇再三嘱咐李斯,此事万不能叫御林军知道。因为秦朝民间流传一个说法,如果一个人被别人复制成柄.其魂也就被勾走了.这可是大忌。案始皇当然不愿惹怒他喜爱的曰林军了。工匠们纷纷去找询林军中自己的亲戚、朊友、老乡、熟人,仔细观察其容貌特征,并默记于心。回去后,工匠们用模压、塑捏、刻画、贴条等手法制成陶佰,然后放在窑里烧。可是,放进去的陶佰全都被烧炸了,工匠们百思不解其中原因。后来,一个工匠为发泄对监工的仇恨,把制好的监工陶涌的头去掉,将其四肢“削”去,用手“掏净”其内脏,放到窑里分段烧。这一次竟没炸窑。他把头和四肢装在佰身上,一个活生生的监工出现了。,由此,工匠们开始了大规模的制捅工程。8000御林军捅就这样被造了 篇四:华清池导游词
华清池导游词
亲爱的游客朋友们,你们好,欢迎你们来到古城西安,我是你们的导游员王传芳,大家可以叫我小王或者是王导,很荣幸能有这个机会为大家介绍举世闻名的华清池。大家可曾听说“天下温泉二千六,惟有华清为第一”吗?举世闻名的华清池,位于陕西省临潼区骊山北麓华清宫故址,西距西安30公里,东与秦始皇兵马俑相毗邻,南依骊山,北临渭水。华清池作为历代帝王的离宫别苑和游览胜地,已经有近3000年的历史了。相传周幽王曾在这里建造骊宫;秦始皇砌石起宇,改名为“骊山汤”;盛唐时期的唐玄宗李隆基又对宫殿大加扩建,起名为“冬宫”。每年冬天李隆基都带杨玉环来华清宫避寒。后华清池成为历代帝王及皇亲国戚避寒休闲的福地。它既是一座国内罕见的大型温泉池,又是可供游人游览的文物保护场所,下面大家请随我一起游览一番吧!
各位游客,现在我们来到了华清池的大门。这里就是正门,名叫津阳门,俗称东门。大家可以看到,这个门是一字排开的五间仿唐建筑,房檐下悬挂的是“华清池”金字匾额,是一代文豪郭沫若先生亲笔所书。作为皇室别宫的唐华清宫,是和骊山秀岭合为一体的,其规模远比眼前的华清池要大得多。眼前的华清池是1959年国庆10周年前夕,以唐华清宫为蓝本并根据华清池所处地域的具体条件设计修建的,但它只相当于唐华清宫的核心部分,占地85560平方米,是唐华清宫的十分之一。郭沫若在游华清池诗中写道:“华清池水色青苍,此目规模越盛唐。”指的就是这新建的核心部分。现在大家随我进入门内,首先印入我们眼帘的是湖中央的一尊雕塑。大家猜猜她是谁?哦,对了,她就是此处的主人公杨贵妃了。此时此刻,她脱下外装,半披俗纱,足踩暖滑的骊山温泉水,正准备沐浴呢!这座雕塑高3.3米,重5吨,是华清池标志性的建筑,游客朋友们可以在此留影纪念。
现在我们来到九龙宫景区,这里属华清池西区。大家看到的这个湖叫做九龙湖。为什么叫它九龙湖呢?请大家随我手指的方向看去,我们可以看到远处的长堤下有八条小龙,再往上看,还有一条老龙共九只,因而以九龙命名。
据说李隆基和杨玉环在华清宫里整整呆了13个冬天,他们居住的地方就是围绕九龙湖而建的这座非常雄伟的仿唐建筑飞霜殿。为什么叫飞霜殿呢?因为每年冬天的时候,雪花漫天飞舞,银装素裹,唯有飞霜殿前落的是白霜,这是因为殿前的九龙湖整日热气腾腾,气温较高;又因为天子的寝室里有御寒设施,使室内的温度较高,不积雪,只化为白霜。现在飞霜殿已经作为接待外国元首和重要领导的接待室了。
看完飞霜殿后,请大家转过身来看我们对面这座苍翠的山。这座山的名字叫“骊山”。 从远处看这座山像一匹青黑色的骏马,古代的黑马称为“骊”,因此它取名叫“骊山”。 骊山主要由三个峰组成,第一峰就是骊山西绣岭,岭上绿树成荫,是国家森林公园,岭西有索道可直达山顶,山顶有烽火台。我国历史上著名的“烽火戏诸侯”的故事便发生在这里,历史上把这一段概括为“千金买一笑,一笑失天下”。
骊山岭上还有老母殿和老君殿,分别是崇奉女娲娘娘和太上老君的庙宇。其中老君殿曾出土一尊石制老君坐像,相传为西域艺术家元伽儿所刻,现存西安碑林博物馆。
说到这里给就要给大家讲讲杨玉环了。
杨玉环祖籍弘农(今华阴),原为李隆基第十八子寿王李瑁的王妃,她是中国古代四大美女之一,杨玉环不光姿色出众,又精通歌舞,性格活波开朗,深受李隆基喜爱。开元二十八年(公元730年),李隆基在高力士的怂恿下,诏其在骊山温泉宫见驾,赐为女道士,号太真,将其纳入后宫,一时间,“三千宠爱在一身”,后封为贵妃。每到冬季,李隆基都携贵妃前来华清宫避寒,唐代诗人白居易在《长恨歌》中所描写的“春寒赐浴华清池,温泉水滑洗凝脂。侍儿扶起娇无力,始是新承恩泽时。”便是他们当时的生活写照。杨玉环的亲属们也纷纷取得朝中要职,她的堂兄杨国忠更是身居相位。天宝十四年(公元755年)范阳节度使安禄山以讨伐权相杨国忠为名起兵造反,次年攻陷长安,李隆基率众西逃,逃至今兴平县马嵬坡,六军不发,护卫部队杀死杨国忠,并逼迫李隆基将杨玉环缢死于马嵬驿中。《长恨歌》结尾两句“天长地久有时尽,此恨绵绵无绝期”为他们爱情故事的悲剧结局加了最好的注解。
华清池内与李隆基、杨玉环有关的重要遗址还有梨园遗址,位于华清池东大.门内右侧,是他们教习梨园弟子演练歌舞的地方。今天的戏剧演员们称梨园弟子,起源于此。
从御汤博物馆向东有一组封闭的园林,称环园。环园南部高台之上有一字排开坐南朝北的五间房屋,人称“五间厅”。中国现代史上著名的“西安事变”就发生在这里。
这五间厅可谓来历不浅。八国联军进攻北京时,慈禧西逃时就住过这里;1934年修葺后,这里又成国民党高官游览休闲的场所;1936年10月、12月蒋介石两次到陕西来,都住在五门厅。他在这里策划高级军事会议,推行“攘外必先安内”的政策,引起了爱国将领张学良、杨虎城的强烈不满,导致了震惊中外的西安事变。
今天,当我们来到这里,自然会重温60多年前的一幕。你们看,这一号厅房为蒋介石的侍从室,二号厅房是蒋介石的卧室,三号厅房是他的办公室,四号厅房为会议室,五号厅房是蒋的秘书办公室。东边的三门厅是蒋介石贴身侍卫蒋孝先等人的住宿地和无线电通讯班所在地。各门办公室使用的桌子、椅子、床、沙发、茶具、火炉、地毯、电话等均按原貌复制摆放。游客们仍然能看到当年激战时在玻璃上留下的子弹孔和蒋介石从这里翻窗逃出后躲到俪山上的痕迹。
事变解决后,国民党政府为纪念这一事件,在虎斑石旁修建了一个草木结构的亭子,称“民族复兴亭”。1946年,胡宗南将亭子改建为钢筋水泥结构,更名为“正气亭”。解放后,人民政府将这个亭子改名为“捉蒋亭”,1986年,西安事变五十周年前夕,正式易名为“兵谏亭”。
好了,亲爱的游客朋友们,由于时间到关系,华清池的讲解就介绍到这里了,中国有句古语说的好两山不能相逢,两人总能相见,我期待着在不久的将来能和大家再次相聚在古城西安,祝大家旅途愉快。谢谢大家!
篇五:陕西著名景点导游词
1碑林
各位游客请看这块碑石。在中国古代石碑上出现外国文字的碑石在碑林中有好几块。而《大秦景教流行中国碑》大概就是碑林里国际知名度最高的碑石了。它刻于唐德宗建中二年,也就是公元的781年,由波斯人景净述事,吕秀严书写。原立于唐长安城的大秦寺内,后来埋没土中。明天启三年,也就是公元1623年被重新发现,清末移入碑林。“大秦”是中国古代对东罗马帝国的称呼。景教,属基督教的一个分支,称聂斯脱利派,公元431年由叙利亚人聂斯脱利派创立于费城,也就是今天土耳其的塞克城以北。据碑文记载:“由波斯人阿罗本率领的传教代表团欲公元635年到达长安,受到隆重接待,并准许其传教。从此,景教在中国大范围流传开来。“景”是光明、美好的意思。碑首刻有基督教标志十字架。这块碑石记载了基督教早期传入中国的情况以及教规、教义,还有古叙利亚和汉文对照刻了72个景教僧侣的名字。为研究中国古代和欧洲、中亚的友好往来提供了宝贵资料。《大秦景教流行中国碑》在近代引起国际上的广泛关注。此碑拓片曾经传到了国外,并译成了拉丁文稿,引起了许多国家的注意。一些外国人认为,欧洲多基督徒,那么像这样记载景教的碑石应该运到欧洲供人瞻仰。1907年,丹麦人荷尔漠受英国政府指使,企图以3000两白银复制的假碑换取此碑,受到舆论反对,只得将复制的碑石运往伦敦。现在世界上好几个国家有这块碑石的复制品。
在《大秦景教流行中国碑》对面,我们看到的这几通碑石是唐代著名大书法家颜真卿书写的。分别是《多宝塔碑》、《颜氏家庙碑》以及《争座位稿贴》。颜真卿不仅书法潇洒,而且在历史上也以忠贞有节、刚正不屈著称。在发生“安史之乱”时,他作为平原太守,也就是今天的山东太守,联络他的兄弟颜篙卿起兵抵抗,被推为盟主。合兵20万,有力地牵制了叛军,成为平息叛乱的中坚人物,被封为鲁郡公。后来,李希烈叛乱,他前往劝降,被杀害。颜真卿的书法字如其人。他初学褚遂良,后来跟随张旭学习草书,在正楷中参用篆书。颜真卿的书法可用四个字来概括,那就是“圆、大、厚、方”。他的行书气势开张,挥洒自如,对后世影响很大,人称“颜体”。《多宝塔碑》为颜真卿44岁时所写,是留存下来的颜书中的最早作品,代表了他的早期风格,常被人们作为学习颜体的入门范本。《颜氏家庙碑》是他73岁时所写,笔力雄健,气韵醇厚,书法造诣达到炉火纯青的境界。《争座位稿》是他55岁时所写,是写给当时另一位官员郭英义的书信手稿,指责郭在公众场合把宦官鱼吵恩的座位安排在许多大臣之上。行笔苍劲有力,一气呵成,是颜体行草书中的精品。
现在我们来到了碑林的第三陈列室。通过这里陈列的碑石,我们可以对中国古代书体的演变做一个大致的了解。据《史记》记载,文字是由黄帝时代的一个史官仓颉造的,所以人们称仓颉为“造字圣人”。这里我们看到的是《仓颉庙碑》。其实文字的发明不应该归功于某一个人,它是人民群众在长期的生活实践中共同创造出来的。篆书是流行至今最古老的字体,在碑林的这个陈列室中,我们可以看到宋代梦英和尚刻立的《篆书目录偏旁部首碑》。他把东汉许慎《说文解字》中的540个偏旁部首分别篆出,并用楷书注释,自作序文说明。这对研究汉字的渊源、演讲以及篆体书法都大有益处。篆书在秦代时达到了高峰。但由于它字体繁难不便于书写,秦代的狱吏程邈把篆书的笔画和结构作了简化,把圆转为方折,形成了使用较为方便的隶书。由篆到隶是我国书体的一大变革。隶书到了汉代成为通用文字,逐渐趋于成熟美观。在这里我们可以看到汉隶的一个代表作《汉曹全碑》,它是东汉时为陕西合阳县令曹全所立。从这块碑石上我们可以看到隶书的特点:蚕头燕尾,外柔内刚。楷书出现于三国时期,隋唐时楷书成为通用的字体。历代统治者都把楷书规定为书写官府文书和科举文章的正式字体。楷书和行草书在这里都有代表的作品。因为时间的关系,我们就不一一概述了。
有突出地位。石刻艺术室建于1963年,集中了散存在陕西各地的从汉到唐的圆雕、浮雕和线刻艺术品共70余件,分为陵墓石刻和宗教石刻两大类。陵墓石刻是用刀砸在石面上的图画,起源于西汉,盛行于东汉,2000多年来以它独有的特色显示着不朽的艺术魅力。 西汉时期,厚葬风气极盛,在贵族阶层中“事死如事生”的观念很强。他们生前的生活场景和宠幸爱慕的东西雕刻于墓室以尽人间之乐。汉代画像石便是在这种厚葬风气中逐渐产生的。石刻艺术室陈列的汉画像石大多出土于陕北。内容除少数神话故事外,其余的大量取材于现实生活,如牛耕、狩猎、乐舞,贵族生活等。汉画像石记载了大量的历史史实。因此,它们既是艺术创作又是历史记录,为研究东汉社会提供了珍贵的资料。《牛耕图》是汉代画像石的代表作,画面上有一人双手扶犁,前面有两头牛拉着,两头牛的牛颈上有一横杠,这就是二牛抬杠的耕作方法.汉朝时农业的耕作水平已经是很高的了.在陕北地区共出土汉代画像石500件,西安卑林博物馆收藏有133件。隋唐时期的陵墓石刻在这里陈列的有献陵石犀和昭陵六骏。我们现在所看到地这尊石雕是献陵石犀,它原来位于唐高祖李渊的献陵前,刻于公元635年,重10吨,是用整块巨石圆雕而成。这种犀牛的品种非常奇特。大家来看,它头上没有角,鼻子上方有一圆包,因此叫做“圆帽犀”。这种犀牛原产于东南亚一带,现已灭绝。据史料记载,唐初,林邑国,也就是今天越南顺化一带,以这种犀牛向唐王朝进贡,李渊非常喜欢。建造献陵时,唐太宗李世民就特意把石犀置于陵前。这一石雕注重写实,结构匀称,比例准确,显然是以活犀牛为“模特儿”,使人感到它温顺驯服,憨态可掬。 接下来各位看到的这一组石雕为“昭陵六骏”。它是原先置于唐太宗昭陵北麓祭坛两侧庑廊的六幅浮雕石刻。六骏,指唐太宗在统一中国的战争中曾经骑乘作战的六匹骏马。相传六骏图形出自于唐代著名画家阎立本之手。原先画面上角刻有唐太宗题铭的四言赞诗,是由欧阳询书写的,由于年代久远,字迹已经模糊了。唐太宗营建昭陵时,诏令立昭陵六骏的用意,除为了炫耀一生的战功外,也是对这些曾经相依为命的战马的纪念,并告戒后世子孙创业的艰难。六骏采用高浮雕手法,以简洁的线条,准确的造型,生动传神地表现出战马的体态、性格和战争中身冒箭矢、驰聘疆场的情景。每幅画面都告诉人们一段惊心动魄的历史故事。由于六骏雕刻精美,引起了外国人的注意。1914年,美国人毕士博勾结陕西军阀陈树藩将六骏中的两骏盗运美国,现存于美国费城宾夕尼亚大学博物馆内。这两骏便是拳毛弧与飒露紫。大家现在看到的这两幅完整的浮雕作品,便是拳毛弧与飒露紫的复制品。1918年,他们又再次来到中国,企图将剩余的四幅砸成数块再次装箱运走,被人们发现拦存了下来。所以大家现在看到的是四幅残损的浮雕。它们虽然是残缺的,但却是真品。
大家现在看到的这尊庄严的石像是老君像,是道教的石刻。老子像是道教的教主李耳的雕像。因为它是唯一反映道教的石刻,所以就非常珍贵。不知大家有没有发现,这个老子像的眉目不像我们中原人。据说这是因为这个作品的雕塑者是西域的一个著名雕塑家,名叫元伽儿。他从小就生活在少数民族的圈子当中,作画、写生都是以本民族的人为摹本,久而久之就形成了他这种独特的风格。老子的形象庄严肃穆,耐人寻味。台座的变形牡丹花图案疏密有致,匀称饱满。它原先位于骊山的华清宫朝元阁内,当年接受过唐玄宗的膜拜。后来在一个风雨交加的晚上,朝元阁倒塌了,使老子像的外面裹了一层泥塑,所以至今保存完整。于1963年移存到这里,是唐代石雕中的珍品。
各位团友,今天我们将游览被誉为“石作莲花云作台”的华山。华山又称太华山,位于西安城东120公里的华阴市以南。
华山古称西岳,是我国五岳之一,因山峰自然排列若花状,故得名华山。1992年12月会山被 评为全国风景名胜40佳之一。即使没来有来过华山的朋友也会从一些有趣的神话和掌故中了解到一些华山的情况,如“自古华山一条路”、“华岳仙掌”、“沉香劈山救母”、“华山论剑”,以及近代的智取华山等,这些美丽的神话传说和故事体现了自古以来人们对华山的向往和崇拜。
华南 山北瞰黄河,南依秦岭,被称为“华山如立”,整个山体线条简洁,形如刀削、斧劈,奇峰突兀,巍峨壮丽。被誉为“天下奇险第一山”。
说到奇,它是由一块巨大的完整的花岗岩构成。古人云,“山无石不奇,无纯石不大奇”,“华山削成而四方,其广十里,高五千仞,一石也”是谓之“大奇”。华山共有五座主峰,其中东、西、南三峰最高,三峰鼎峙耸立,“势飞向云外,影倒黄河里”,有“天外三峰”之称。提到险,其凌空架设的“长空栈道”,悬岩镌刻的“全真岩”,三面临空,上凸下凹的“鹞子翻身”以及在峭壁悬岩上开凿的千尺童、百尺峡、老君犁沟、擦耳崖、苍龙岭等处都奇险异常。“自古华山一条路”。山中道路仅有南北一线,约10公里,逶迤曲折,艰险崎岖,不少地方真可谓是“一夫当关,万夫莫开”。
华山除了有壮丽的自然景观之外,同时又有丰富的历史文化积淀,人文景观比比皆是。仅山上山下及峪道沿途,题字、诗文、石刻就会使人流连忘返。
朋友们,我们现在来到的就是玉泉院,据说因这里的泉水与山顶的玉井相通,水质清洌甘美,故名“玉泉院”。它是攀登华山的必经之地。相传为隐士陈抟所建。院内殿宇亭台、回廊曲折,泉水淙淙,是游赏胜地。玉泉院与我们一会将会见到的东道院、镇岳宫都是道教的活动场所,现共有殿宇53间。院中建筑多是清代乾隆年间重新修建的。
各位朋友,我们现在位于五峰之一北峰脚下,距华山谷口约10公里,这里是华山山峪水流的源头。请大家顺着我手指的方向看那些树,也许是许多人都会认识它,对,就是青柯树。这里青柯树在此浮苍点黛,故名“青柯坪”。
过青柯坪至回心石。登山的道路由此交从平坦的石板路变为在峭壁上开凿的狭窄的石梯,眼看山路盘旋而上,许多意志薄弱的游客来到这里都会回心转意望山兴叹无功而返。
现在我们来到的是中峰。中峰又名玉女峰。传说春秋时,华山隐士萧史,善吹洞箫,优美的箫声博得秦穆公的小女儿弄玉的爱慕,使她放弃了奢华舒适的宫廷生活,随箫史在此隐居,多年后二人修炼成仙乘凤而去,山上许多名胜也因此得名。有玉女洗头盆、舍身树等。由于这则美丽的爱情故事,华山在它博大、庄严、深沉之后又被赋于了一些浪漫与温柔。
经中峰,我陪同大家去东峰参观。
现在我们看到的巨石叫“斧劈石”。石身有一条0.66米宽的裂缝,关于这条裂缝也有一个感人的传说。玉皇大帝的小女儿圣母与被玉帝打下凡世的金单玺相爱之后,结为夫妻。二郎神杨戬大骂其妹三圣母私配凡夫,违反天条,于是将三圣母压在华山西峰顶的巨石下面,后来三圣母生下一个儿子,取名沉香,沉香长大成人得知真相后,来到华山,战胜杨戬,了压在母亲身上的巨石救出母亲,全家得以全聚。这就是“劈山救母”神话发生的地方。 亿万年来鬼斧神工,造就了华山惊险壮丽的自然景观,千百年来文人墨客的咏颂,使华山积累了丰富的文化内涵。可以说,华山与华夏紧紧相连,是中华民族的象征;从关于华山的传说、掌故中我们可以看出,它不但博大、计策、典雅、深沉、严肃,而且幽默、诙谐,甚至还有一丝浪漫与温柔,这不正我们中华民族的写照吗?
最后,祝愿我们中华民族像华山一样永远屹立在世界的东方。
华清池位于西安市城东30公里处的临潼区内,南依骄山,北临渭水,内有自然造化的天然温泉。优越的地理条件和自然环境适于原始人类在此繁衍生息,更吸引了在陕西建都的历代帝王在此修建离宫别苑,自古以来就是我国著名的沐浴游览胜地。
第一点:我们今天要参观的华山是以险峻著称天下,一定要注意安全。最主要是记住走路不看景,看景不走路。不要翻阅护拦,不要到悬崖边等危险的地方去游览或者照相。不要刻意的追求摄影家的效果。带小孩子的游客,一定要把孩子看好。
第二点:大家要注意集合时间,地点,以免耽搁行程。记住我的电话13572368753,随时保持联系。华山的除了黄埔峪旅游进山公路30分钟没有信号外,基本都有信号,有的地方信号好点,有的要差点的。
现在我给大家说说华山的概况。华山是秦岭山脉的一部分,形成于距今7亿年前,俗称“西岳”。汉武帝把地处五个方位的山封为神山,华山地处西方,故名“西岳”。古代还为这5大名山对应了中国古代的五行就是金木水火土,华山在西方,属金,华山的形状刚好象是
一个金元宝,到了华山北峰我让大家在金庸华山论剑的地方和华山这个元宝合影。
华山得名北魏地理学家俪道元《水经注》里所说是因为远而望之,有若花状,古代花和华通用,故名华山! 1996年华山的缆车的通车,结束了自古华山一条路的历史,我们今天就是乘坐缆车登山。我们先要换乘华山进山专线车进山,我们现在车子行驶的是黄埔峪旅游专线公路,大家有没有看过电影《智取华山》这就是当年的寻找向导之路,从检票处到华山索道的黄埔峪旅游公路全长7.66公里,花费2000万人民币。相传春秋战国时期名医黄卢子曾经在这里隐居修炼。黄卢子能唤黄龙潭中黄龙上天耕云播雨,解除百姓之苦。给人看病,千里之外,只要告诉他病人姓名,就可以开出药方解除病痛。
现在我们大家乘坐缆车上山,缆车是新加坡三特公司投资8000万人民币,采用的奥地利的设备,全长1525米,落差760米。一个缆车挂兜可以乘坐6个人。
现在我们上了缆车就到华山的北峰,缆车下面的那条路就是智取华山路,现在是一条便道。1949年华山解放了,胡宗南保安6旅的旅长韩子佩带领县乡民团400多人占山为王,我们解放军从正面根本打不上去,绕道后山,奇袭成功,根据这一事件拍的电影就叫做《奇袭华山》,后来周总理看了,说这件事情充分的表现了解放军的智勇双全,后来就改名《智取华山》。
我们现在可不要走平坦的路上北峰智取华山纪念亭,我们走智取华山路,也就是那边的步行路一部分,我要看看大家有没有恐高症,可不可以上华山的苍龙岭等的线路,他和其他路的坡度差不多,但是要短的多,你的身体如果适合爬山那我就让你去,连这里都征服不了,那上了北峰拍张照片我就要劝你下山了。
上山要走直线,感受华山的险,俗话说上山容易下山难,下山要走之字型的路,安全容易掌握身体平衡。
到了北峰我们先穿过北峰饭店,可不要太着急,北峰饭店有张华山的地图,我要给大家讲讲,一会上山的时候可能就走散了,我们要先熟悉一下地形才能够征服华山呀!
这里就是看地图的位置,大家先不要着急,先不要看地图,两个屋檐之间看华山的东峰象一个秃头的老鹰,那里是观日出的最佳地点,一早挤满了游人,又称朝阳峰。旁边的哪个就是西峰,直直的,好象刀削的一样,在智取华山的电影里,是敌军指挥部。也是神话传说《宝莲灯》的发生地。
现在我们大家转身过来看这个地图,看看华山顶部,是不是象个元宝。两边的突起就是东西二峰,中间突起就是华山的最高峰南峰,是传说中的武林高手比武论剑的地方,还有华山第一险长空栈道。
我们所处的位置就是北峰,经过擦耳岩,天梯御道就到了苍龙岭,过了苍龙岭就是五云峰金锁关。金锁关就是上面的四个峰东.西.南.中峰的必经之路。到了那里你可以决定去看任何一个峰,也可以顺道把四个峰都逛完。
我们是从黄埔峪进上来的,另外一条路叫做自古华山一条路。大家跟我再上几个台阶就可以看见自古华山一条路了。
大家现在往下面看,下面的羊肠小路就是从前上华山的毕竟之路了,从山脚走到北峰,大概要三四个小时呢!
再往上走就是鲤鱼嘴,马上就到北峰最高处了,有两条路可以上去,鱼背叫做步步高升路,有惊无险,鱼嘴叫做连年有余路,非常平坦。大家可以自由选择。
骊山英文导游词范文第2篇
朋友们,我们现在正行驶在京珠高速公路上,大约三个半小时,就到了驻马店。相信大家初次来到驻马店,那我简单向大家介绍一下沿途风景。我们的大巴车现在正行驶在具有中华第一古都之称的新郑市内,那下面我就要考考大家了,谁知道新郑最有名的特产是什麽?“金丝枣”(游客回答)。“对,您说得很对,那又有谁知道新郑枣何以取名为金丝枣吗?”那是因为新郑种枣历史悠久且品种优良。产的枣颗粒饱满多汁。最为神奇的是把此枣这麽一拧便可以扯出丝来,故美其名曰“金丝枣”。金丝枣营养丰富,被称为“水果之王”,是适合中老年人和女士朋友的首选产品。同时,新郑还有两大代表品牌产品:“好想你红枣片”和白象方便面同样全国有名。好的,朋友们,随着车子的前进,咱们以经来到了许昌市内,许昌又名“莲城”,说起许昌,不得不说一下“滚滚长江东逝。水,浪花淘尽英雄”的雄浑的三国文化,三国文化的代表是曹操送别关羽之地灞陵桥和关羽,夜读之地春秋楼以及现今犹存的曹丞相府。另外呢许昌还是烟草之都,所以有兴趣的朋友们不妨来许昌体验一番,相信定会大有裨益的。好的朋友们,看完了许昌下面一站呢对美食爱好者来说可要注意了,朋友们谁知道“打造中国肉类第一品牌”是什么集团的口号?地球人都知道是中国驰名商标双汇,所以我们现在到达的是具有中国食品名城的漯河市 ,同时还有享有盛名的南街村集团的总部也驻扎在漯河市内,包括世界五百强企业可口可乐公司、百事可乐公司、中粮公司都在漯河市投资大量股份,是不是有心动的朋友想要来这里大饱口福呀!开个玩笑,朋友们相信有了这一路的期待,您一定想要对驻马店有更迫切的了解,不久之后我们就到了此次的目的地,现在我先大体介绍一下驻马店市概况,让您对此次的旅程多一份期待,多一份了解。
驻马店因为古代设立驿站而得名,古时为官员停靠休息和调换马匹的地方。从此处可以看出驻马店历来为交通要冲且在中国古代扮演着南北沟通的重要作用。说起咱驻马店的名气不得不提及一位历史名人唐明皇的老婆杨贵妃,有诗为证:“一骑红尘妃子笑,无人知是荔枝来。”想当年要不是咱驻马店,杨贵妃如何吃得上新鲜的荔枝。驻马店历史悠久,人文荟萃。论历史悠久,驻马店上古的伏羲画卦亭,秦王丞相李斯墓,孔子晒书台,罗成墓,战国炼铁遗址,同时还流传着美丽而古老的传说。比如有:“中有巨人,盘古是名,神斧铿锵,去、劈开阴阳。”的盘古开天劈地的传说,和“本是仙境两彩蝶,彩翼高扬气若连。”的梁祝化蝶传说,都给驻马店这个古老的城市增添了一抹神秘的色彩。好了,话说到此,我们也到了今天的目的地了,请大家带好自己的随身物品跟我下车,我们的车牌号是豫A10086,导游旗是蓝色的,让我们一起出发来探寻美丽而又风情万种的驻马店市吧!
朋友们我们今天的第一站是驻马店市的温州步行街,很早以前听人说初到一座城市,便先寻觅这座城市的步行街,很早以前听人说初到一座城市,便先寻觅这座城市的步行街,步行街对一座城市的意义已远远不知是商店林立的购物街那般简单,它更可以是这座城市的历史、文化和风土人情的生动体现,纵是多麽喧嚣的人潮也无法将之掩盖。一座城市的个性也往往通过步行街展现出来,当我们听着潺潺流淌的古筝曲《梁祝》九月九日忆山东兄弟,是否顷刻间把刚来时的疲惫消散殆尽,也为我们以后的旅程奠下基调,就让我们在这条步行街中来体验一个优雅、厚重和一个延续了千年的驻马店风情吧。现在呢大家看到这家店铺前面有一首诗“每逢佳节倍思亲”。大家知道这是描写什么节日的吗?大家都应该知道唐代诗人王维有一首诗《九月九日忆山东兄弟>>,就是描写重阳节感怀的,而重阳节的发源地就是在驻马店,不得不让我们引发感慨。
好了,看看这家店铺里的麦草画由不得你不震撼,麦草画是我们驻马店最有名的民间艺术被人们视为祈福迎祥的象征,并且已经申请了世界遗产名录。大家是不是很想知道麦草画的制作过程呢?它是将麦秆经过:熏、蒸、漂、刮、推、烫以及剪、刻、编、烩等多道工艺,以麦秆本身的光泽、纹彩、质感,一般不着色,根据需要进行裁剪和粘贴而成,给人以古朴自然高贵典雅之美。麦草画被文化部誉为“中国民间艺术一绝”,并且走出国门,走向世界,常言道:“越是民族的就越是世界的”。不仅令我们顿生几分豪情。我们驻马店麦秆画种类齐全,挂式、座式、卧式大中小型种类齐全,是您居家必备和装饰家居摆饰以及赠送亲朋好友的极其珍贵的工艺品。如果有文艺兴趣的朋友们,不妨收藏一幅我们驻马店这永恒的骄傲。
驻马店孕育了淳朴的风俗人情,每每我们看到农贸市场上早早而来的三两农民带着新鲜初摘的蔬菜。更有趣的是,有的摊子面前竟然没人,只写着“蔬菜两元一把,钱投进竹筐里即可。”朋友们,这种古朴淳厚的确令人向往。如果大家有时间,可以体验一下,这信任产生的美好感觉,无疑会使您的旅途更加愉快。
好啦,朋友们,今天的讲解词就到此为止了,大家回去好好休息,养足精神,我们驻马店还有更多好玩的地方等着你们去欣赏。
各位上午好,看见大家精神抖擞,满目生辉,我很高兴,今天呢我们要前往驻马店市最有名的省级名胜区嵖岈山。如何来描述嵖岈山呢?那摩请听如果你去了济南而不看大明湖,来到了杭州而不欣赏 西湖十景,去了云南而不探险一下西双版纳那样令人可惜。那我们就现在出发尽情游览嵖岈山吧。
亲爱的朋友们,漫步于嵖岈山径,大唱着“你挑着担,我牵着马。”那种豪迈之情油然而生,吴承恩先生所弘扬的不怕艰难、不为苦痛的西游精神深深熔铸到驻马店人的精神之中。在蒋大为先生《敢问路在何方》这首曲子中,然我们把这座兼有华山之险、泰山之雄、黄山之奇、和青城之幽的嵖岈山踩在脚下。“敢问路在何方,路在脚下。”我想如果我是吴承恩先生的话,我也会选择这样一处圣地作为隐居之所的,看着远处的炊烟袅袅,大概也会想起的“远上寒山石径斜,白云深处有人家。”那种野趣吧。
朋友们,这座四A级景区有蜜蜡山、南山、北山、六峰山等八大山峰组成。蜜蜡山主峰绝崖耸峙,高三百米;国内独一无二,顶峰溪泉缓流似蜜汁涂壁,而以此得名蜜蜡山。嵖岈山畔景点密布“莲花掌”酷似莲花出水,“石猴院大小石猴天造地设;醉八戒憨态逼真,睡唐僧惟妙惟肖。同时这里还流传着唐代书法家颜真卿的真迹。美丽的嵖岈山可谓一步一景,步步如画,景区四季分明,气候宜人。春季野芳新开,杨柳依依;夏季绿树掩映,流水淙淙;秋季秋高气爽,舒适宜人;冬季银装素裹,晶莹剔透。这样的人间仙境可看比得上王母的瑶池,想为之赋诗一首,无奈心有余而力不足呀!朋友们拿起你们的相机摄下最美的景色吧,让嵖岈山成为此时的圣地。那摩今天的讲解到此完毕,大家自由活动时注意安全!半个小时咱们集合。
骊山英文导游词范文第3篇
we are now going to pay a visit to a place of special interest. this scenic spot is located at the center of beijing and is characterized by thousands of palatial architectures and purple walls as well as yellow glazed tile roofs- it is simply a sea of palaces. this is the world – famous wonder – the palace museum.
the palace museum has served as the royal residence during the ming and qing dynasties. it was here that a total of 24 monarchs ascended the throne and wielded power for some 500 years. the palace museum, as the most beautiful spot of interest throughout beijing, is unique for its location: to the northwest is beihai(north sea) park, famous for its white pagoda and rippling lake; to the west is the zhongnahai (central and south sea); to the east lies the the wangfujing shopping street; and to the north id jinshan park. standing in the wanchun (everlasting spring) pavilion at the top of jingshan(charcoal hill) park, you overlook the skyline of the palace museum. at the southern end of the palace is tian` anmen (gate of heavenly peace) and the famous square named after it . this is the symbol of the people` s republic of china.
a world-famous historical site, the palace museum is on the world heritage list of unesco and is an embodiment of oriental civilization.
the palace museum is rectangular in shape, 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west, covering a space of 720,000 square meters of which 150,000 is building area . it has 9000-strong rooms in it . according to legend there are 9999.5 room-units in all .the whole compound is enclosed by a 10-meter-hign wall and is accessed through four entrances, namely, the meridian gate in the south ,the gate of military prowess in the north, donghua(eastern flowery ) gate in the north, donghua ( eastern flowery) gate in the east and xihua(western flowery ) gate in the west. on each corner there is a turret consisted of 9 roof beams, 18 pillars and 72 ridge . encircling the compound there is a 3,800-meter-long and 52 meter-wide moat, making the palace museum a self-defensive city-within-a city.
the palace museum was made a center of rule during the ming dynasty by zhun di, the fourth son of the founding emperor zhuyuanzhang. the whole complex straddles on an 8-kilometers-long central axis that stretches from yongding (forever stable) gate in the south to gulou (drum tower) in the north. prominence was given to the royal power by putting the “three main front halls” and “three back halls ”on the axis while arrange other subsidiary structure around them .the construction of the palace museum involved manpower and resources across china. for example, the bricks laid in the halls ,known as “gold brick, ” underwent complex, two –dozen processes. as the final touch ,the fired bricks were dipped in chinese wood oil. involving complicated processes and high cost, these brick are called “golden bricks.” the palace museum serves as a living embodiment of good tradition and styles unique to china` s ancient architecture. it reflects to the full the ingenuity and creativity of the chinese working people. a carefully preserved and complete group of royal residences, the palace museum is a prominent historical and tourist site.
what we are now approaching is the main entrance to the palace museum-the meridian gate, which is characterized by red walls, yellow glazed –tile roofs and upturned eaves. on top of this walls, yellow glazed-tile roofs and upturned eaves. on top of this magnificent building ,there stand five lofty halls with a main hall in the center. the main hall is roofed by multiple eaves and covers a space of 9 room-units. it is flanked by two wings on each side .the wings are square in shape ,complete with multiple and four edged eaves and pinnacles. all of these structures are connected by a colonnade. because these halls resemble a soaring bird, it was also know as wufenglou (five-phoenix tower) . inside the main hall there is a throne. drums and bells were stored in the wings. whenever the emperor presided over grand ceremonies or observed rites in the hall of upreme harmony, drums, bells and gongs would be struck to mark the occasion.
as the legend goes, the meridian gate used to be a place where condemned ranking officials would be executed. this not true. however, flogging was carried out here by the ming emperors ,if a courtier falls afoul of the emperor, he would be stripped of his court dress and flogging with a stick .at one point the punishment became so harsh that a total of 11 people died from fatal wound on a single occasion .on the other hand, this building was also used to observe important occasions like the traditional chinese lantern festival (15th day of the first lunar month). on these occasions, chinese lanterns would be hanged and sumptuous banquets would be given in honour of the whole court of ministers and other ranking officials.
upon entering the meridian gate we began our tour of the palace museum. the river foowing in front of us is known as jin shui he (golden water river) and the five marbles bridges spanning it are known as the inner golden water bridges. the on in the middle was used exclusive by the emperor and its banisters were carved with dragon and phoenix designs. the bridges flanking the imperial one were reserved for princes and other royal members. the rest were used by palatines. aside from decoration, the golden water river was also dug as precaution against fire. most of the structures within the palace museum are made of wood. what is more ,according to ancient chinese cosmology, the south is the abode of fire, so this brook was dug on the southern tip of the palace. in this way, the palace museum reflects traditional chinese culture.
this building is called the gate of supreme harmony .in the foreground stand two bronze lions. can anybody tell which is male and which is female? the one on the east playing with a ball is male, symbolizing power and universal unity. the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female? the one on the east playing with a ball is male, symbolizing power and universal unity. the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female, representing prosperity the endless succession. a layout of the palace museum is posted by the entrance . from it ,you can see that the palace museum has two main parts: the forecourt and the inner court. the three main halls constitute the mainstay of the forecourt, and it was here that the emperor announced decisions and observed rites. behind the forecourt there is the inner court, consisting of major halls and the imperial garden .it was where the emperor attended state affairs, lived and enjoyed his luxurious life. the exhibition system of the palace museum involves historical court relics and articles of ancient art and culture. the palace museum houses nearly one million articles of rare treasure, or one sixth of the total number in all of china `s museums. there are the three main halls of the palace museum, built on a triple marble terrace . since most of china `s architecture is made of wood, the buildings cannot be too tall. to gain the height of the architecture, ingenious ancient artisans built the hall on a gigantic stone terrace .it is also to this end that not a single plant was grown in the square. on stairways of triple marble terrace there are 18 bronze tripods .the verandah is flanked by bronze tortoises and cranes, which served as symbols of longevity .on the east is a sundial, an ancient timepiece. on the west there is a grain measure suggesting that the emperor was just and equitable. in the front and on each flank ,there is a pair of gilt bronze vats (caldrons ) molded during the reign of emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty .each of these weights 2 tons and is filled with water as a precaution in the event of a fire .the structure in the very middle is the hall of supreme harmony ,also known as the throne hall. it is 64 meters in width and is 38 meters from entrance to rear. with terrace exclusive ,the hall is 26.92 meters in height and is 35.03 meters in all .covering and areaof 2,377 square meters, the hall of supreme harmony is china` s largest exiting wooden structure. the hall is supported by 6 thick ,round pillars carved in a design of coiling dragons. as the holiest place in the hall, the ceiling and colored patterns were made of the finest material available at that time. the throne was placed on a terrace and is flanked by statues of elephants, luduan (a unicorn which could travel 18,000 kilometers a day and understand all languages), cranes and incense barrels .over the throne there is the caisson ,or covered ceiling ,which consists of a coiling dragon playing with a ball in its mouth .this ball is known as xuanyuan mirror ,and was supposedly made by a chinese emperor of remote times to serve as a reminder that thee rulers to follow were his hereditary heirs. the throne is made of nanmu and painted in gold .magnificently built and luxuriously decorated ,this hall did not serve as a place in which the emperor attended to daily affairs. he used his hall for major events such as his birthday, conferral of title of empress or dispatch of generals to war.
behind the hall of supreme harmony ,there sits the hall of complete harmony. this structure is square in shape .each side is 24.15 meters. this was the place where the emperor relaxed and greeted his courtiers before proceeding to the hall of supreme harmony to observe rites. this was also the place where the emperor prepared prayers or examined seeds and sowers bef ore he attended ancestral sacrifices or participated in snowing ceremonies. a grand ceremony was also held here once every 10 years for the emperor to genealogize the royal blood. there are two sedan chairs on display in the hall. behind the hall of complete harmony ,you will see the hall of preserving harmony, which was used as a place where imperial examinations were held. the imperial examination was the hignest level of competing for meritorious appointment under the feudal system dating back to the sui dynasty. china` s last imperial examination was held in 1904 during the reign of emperor guangxu of the qing dynasty. to the rear of hall there is a marble ramp carved with cloud and dragon designs, the largest of its kind in the whole country . it is 16.57 meters in length, 3.07 meters in width, 1.7 meters thick and weighs 250 tons. it was quarried in fangshan county in suburban beijing. to bring this giant piece of stone to beijing people poured water onto the road and applied rolling blocks during the process.
we are now standing before the square of the hall of heaven purity. it served as a divide separating the forecourt from the inner court .this building is known as the gate of heavenly purity. emperor qianlong held court here. proceeding further north ,you can find three main rear halls ,i.e. the hall of heavenly purity. the hall of union and peace and palace of earthly tranquility. the hall of heavenly purity if flanked on either side by two gates named after the sun and moon .inside the enclosure there are 12 palaces and halls symbolizing constellations. all of the other buildings are centered around the palace of heavenly purity , which was meant to suggest that the monarch` s power was endowed by heaven. the empress and concubines lived in the inner court.
the hall of heavenly purity was where the emperor lived and attended to daily affairs. later the emperor moved to live in the palace of mental cultivation. looking up you can see a plaque bearing the chinese inscription “be open and above-board,” a manifesto to court struggle .behind the plaque a strongbox was stored containing a will bearing the name of the would –be royal successor. this approach of secretly selecting the next emperor was adopted by emperor yongzheng of the qing dynasty. two copies of the will were prepared .one was stashed by the emperor in person ,the other was placed inside the strong box behind the plaque. after the death of the emperor, the two copies would be compared and successor would be announced. it was in this way that emperor qianglong and others have ascended the throne.
behind the hall of heavenly purity you will see the hall of union and peace , which is indentical to the hall of complete harmony. it was there that the emperor received congratulations and tributes from imperial officials on major calender occasions , a total of 25 imperial seals are stored there. in the hall, you will see a plaque with the handwritten inscription of “we wei,” exhorting taoist doctrines.
further northward is the palace of earthly tranquillity, which once served as the living room of the empresses` . the hall was later converted into a sacrificial place .through the windowpanes on the eastern wall you can see the royal bed decorated with dragon and phoenix designs. this hall has also served as the bridal chamber of monarchs.
the gate of earthly tranquilliity leads to the imperial garden (known to westerners as qianlong` s garden ),which was used by the emperor ,the empress, and the concubines. a magnificent structure stands in the middle. it is called the qin `s an (imperial peace) hall. it is the only building in the palace museum that was built in taoist style. it served as a shrine to the taoist deity. the garden covers a space of 12,000 square meters ,and is 130 meters from east to the west and some 90 meters from north to the south. there are a dozen halls, verandahs, pavilions and waterside houses in the garden . on each of the fur corner there is a pavilion dedicated to the four seasons which is different in construction style and shape. the garden also features an imperial landscape. with rare trees and exotic rockery, the imperial garden served as a model for china` s imperial parks .in all ,a total of 10-strong building styles were applied.
骊山英文导游词范文第4篇
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Welcome to the Temple of Heaven. (After self-introduction) preserved cultural heritages of China. There are basically two kinds of visitors who come here: local pensioners who do exercises here in the morning and evening and sightseers both from home and abroad. All in all, there are 12 million visitors very year. Now we are going to go along the route that leads to the altar. It will take roughly one hour. Mind you, the emperor also walked along this route to pay tribute to the God of Heaven.
(Along the Southern Sacred Road leading to the Circular Mound Altar)
The largest group of architectures ever to be dedicated to Heaven, the Temple of Heaven served as an exclusive altar for Chinese monarchs during the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was decreed that rulers of successive dynasties would place altars in their own capitals to worship Heaven and pray for good harvest. But why?
The ancient Chinese believed that Heaven was the supreme ruler of the universe and the fate of mankind, and thus worshiping rites dedicated to Heaven came into being. The Heaven the ancient Chinese referred to was actually the Universe, or nature. In those days, there were specific rites of worship. This was especially true during the Ming and Qing dynasties when elaborate ceremonies were held.
The Temple of Heaven was built in 1420 during the reign of Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty. Situated in the southern part of the city, this grand set of structures covers an area of 273 hectares. To better symbolize heaven and earth, the northern part of the Temple is circular while the southern part is square .The whole compound is enclosed by two walls, a square wall outside a round one. The outer area is characterized by suburban scenery, while the inner part is used for sacrifices. The inner enclosure consists of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest and the Circular Mound Altar.
(Along the Imperial Passage leading from the Southern Lattice Star Gate in front of the Circular Mound Altar)
The Circular Mound Altar is enclosed by two walls, each containing four groups of Southern Lattice Star Gate, each in turn consisting of three doors, with 24 marble doors altogether. Standing on the passage facing north, you will notice that with each pair of doors on is narrower than the other. This reflects the feudal hierarchy: the wider door was reserved for monarchs, while the narrower one was used by courtiers.
1
On the day of the ceremony, the emperor would don his ritual costume and be ushered in by the official in charge of religious affairs. He ascended the three terraces in the forefront to pay tribute at the altar.
(Atop the Circular Mound Alter)
We are now on the top terrace of the Altar, or the third terrace. Each terrace has a flight of 9 steps. At the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 steps. At the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 concentric rings of stone. The number of stones in the first ring is 9, in the second, 18, up to 81 in the 9th ring. Even the number of carved balustrades on these terraces is a multiple of 9. But why?
According to ancient Chinese philosophy, yin and yang were two opposing factors. Heaven and the odd numbers belonged to yang while the Earth and even numbers belonged to yin. Nine was the largest heavenly number accessible to man. What is more, the ancient people also believed that heaven consisted of nine layers and that the emperor` s abode was on the uppermost tier.
Once more look at the round stone in the center. The upper terrace is nine zhang (a Chinese unit of length, one zhang equals 3.3 meters) in circumference, while the middle is 15 zhang, the lower, 21 zhang. Classified as yang numbers, the sum of these numerals is 45 zhang which was meant to symbolized success. What is more, by applying the concept of odd numbers and strengthening nine and its multiples, the concept of heaven was thus illustrated and realized. The concept of nine will also be mentioned when we visit some other buildings.
Now I will give you a brief account of what happened here annually on the Inter Solstice. The memorial tablet dedicated to Heaven would be set up on the north side of the terrace; while tablets dedicated to the emperor `s ancestors would be enshrined on the flanks. The service would begin around 4 o` clock in the morning. All of the lanterns would be lit .In the foreground, a sacrificial calf is being barbecued. On the square in front of the altar, the emperor, under heavy escort of nearly a thousand courtiers, princes of royal blood, musicians, dancers and uniformed soldiers, would slowly ascend the altar to offer sacrifice and pray in honor of Heaven. When the service drew to a close, the sacrifice offered in front of the memorial tablets would be incinerated .All of participants would watch the thick smoke rise upward as if they were seeing God off .Music and dancing would follow .In the end, the emperor would return to the Forbidden City secure in the belief that he would be blessed and protected by Heaven until the next winter Solstice. It is interesting to note that, the stone in the very middle of the altar was of major importance, since it was where the emperor used to stand to say his prayer. The stone, which is known as the God’s heart Stone, is peculiar in that it is characterized by a
2 specific acoustic phenomenon: it made the emperor` s voice clearer and louder, thus adding to the mystic atmosphere of the service .You can try this out by yourself. (Proceed northward to pass through the Lattice Star Gate)
(In front of the Gate of glazed tiles)
this structure is known as Heaven` s Storehouse. It is entered through the Gate of glazed Tiles. The roofing, beams, and brackets are all made of glazed tiles or bricks. This is the only structure of its kind in China today.
the Heaven` s Storehouse was where memorial tablets dedicated to the gods were kept. Douglas Hurd, a former British foreign secretary, once said, “God attends to His affairs on the Circular Mound Altar but stays here.” Now let` s go in to see it (Go through the left side door)
(In the courtyard of Heaven` s Storehouse)
this is the Imperial Vault of Heaven, the main structure of Heaven` s Storehouse. It was built in 1530 and is 17 meters in height and 19 meters in diameter. The structure feature blue roofs topped by a gilded ball, and carved wooden doors and windows. It is decorated with colored paintings. Founded on a 3-meter-hign round marble terrace, the building also features a gigantic carved marble ramp laid in the stone staircase leading up to the front entrance. The ramp is carved in “Two dragons Playing with a pearl” design in relief. We will enter the main hall by going up the stone staircase on the eastern side.
(On the marble terrace of the main hall)
The arch of the hall is buttressed by 16 giant pillars on two rings. On top of the pillars there are gilt brackets supporting a circular caisson, or covered ceiling .The ceiling is characterized by a golden coiling dragon design. The 8 pillar of the inner ring are painted scarlet and decorated with golden lotuses.
To the north of the hall there is a marble pedestal. Atop it, up a wooden flight of 9 steps, is where the major tablet dedicate to Heaven was enshrined. On each flank four tablets are enshrined in honor of the ancestors of the Qing emperors. In the annex hall in hornor of the ancestors of the Qing emperors. In the annex halls in the courtyard, there are tablets dedicated to the deities of the sun, moon, constellation, cloud, rain, wind and thunder.
(Echo Wall and Triple –sound Stones)
Aside from exquisitely laid out architectures, Heaven` s Storehouse is also famous for two structures with peculiar acoustic features, i.e. the Echo Wall and the Triple-
3 Sound Stone. A mere whisper at any point close to the wall can be heard clearly on the other side, although the parties may be 40 or 50 meters apart. This is possible because the wall is round and hermetically constructed with smooth, solid bricks.
In front of the steps leading away from the halls is the Triple Sound Stone. If you stand on the first stone and call out or clap your hands, the sound will echo once; on the second stone, the sound will be heard twice; and on the third stone, the sound will repeat three times. Hence the name. (Go out through the right door and stroll along the circular path northward)
(Nine-Dragon Cypress)
the Temple of Heaven is also famous for its cypress trees-there are more than 60,000 cypress trees in all ,among which over 4,000 are more than one hundred years old ,adding to the solemn atmosphere of the temple .This tall cypress was planted more than 500 years ago. Its thick branches and twisting trunk resembling nine coiling playful dragons; thus it is known as the Nine-Dragon cypress. It is said that this tree was here to welcome the monarchs. Now it is here to welcome visitor from all over the world.
(In the south of Chengzhen Gate)
Now we are back again on the Central Axis. This brick-arched gate is known as Chengzhen (Adopting Fidelity) .This gate is the northern gate of the Circular Mound Altar and the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest. The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest is situated at the extreme end of the axis. It was used by the emperor in the first month of every lunar year for services dedicated to good harvest.
(On the Red Stairway Bridge)
Entering the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest, we set foot on a raised passage 360 meters long, which the emperor also took to proceed to the hall. This broad north-south walkway, called Danbiqiao (Red Stairway bridge), connects the two sets of main building in the Temple of Heaven and constitutes a single axis.
The passage is divided into left, control and right paths by the cross arrangement of slabs. The central and widest path is known as Heavenly Thoroughfare, which was reserved exclusively for God; nobody, including the emperor, was allowed to set foot onto it. The emperor used the path on the east, which is known as the Imperial Walk. The ministers and princes used the one on the west .Interesting enough, there is no walkway left for ordinary people. This is because the Temple of Heaven used to be off-limits to them.
4 Contrary to appearances, this walkway is not a bridge at all. But how so? This road is 4 meters above the ground and there is a cavern underneath that was reserved for sacrificial oxen and sheep. The cattle were slaughtered at a slaughterhouse about 500 meters away and brought here for sacrifice. All in all, it can be said this walkway did serve as bridge and can be looked upon as the first cloverleaf in Beijing.
Looking back at the thoroughfare, you may realize that this walk is gaining height toward its northern end. As people approach the architectural group of the Hall of Prayer for good Harvest, the flanking groves of cypress recede and perspective widens. Here you are in Heaven.
(Costume-Changing Terrace)
The marble terrace up ahead is called jufutai, or Costume Changing Terrace. It is located to the east of the Red Stairway Bridge and covers a space of 25 square meters .IT has marble Slab balustrades. The day before the service, officials in charge would put up a yellow satin tent on the terrace for the emperor to change out of his yellow dragon robe into blue ceremonial clothes. After the service, the emperor would return to the tent and change back into his imperial robe before returning to the palace. (Proceed to the South Gate of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest)
(At the Gate of Prayer for Good Harvest)
This structure is called the Gate of Pray for Good Harvest. We can catch a slight glimpse of the central building, the Hall of Prayer for Good harvest, though the colonnade of the Gate. A gigantic and lofty group of buildings, the complex includes the Gate of Prayer for Good Harvest, the hall of prayer for good harvest, eastern and western annex halls, the Huanqian (Imperial heaven) Long corridor, Heaven Kitchen, slaughterhouse, etc. The annex halls were symmetrically built on a 1.5-meter-hignbrick-and-marble terrace, to set off the loftiness and magnificence of the main hall .This unique building, 38 meters in height, is characterized by a cone-shaped structure with triple eaves and a top that is crowned by a gilt ball. The roofing is made of blue glazed tiles, the color of the sky .Underneath the roof, the beams and bracket are decorated with colored paintings. The base of the structure is a triple-tiered, circular marble terrace. At a distance, the terrace looks like a gigantic, spiraling cloud with the structure perched on top of it.
Today the hall of prayer for good harvest is the hallmark of Beijing, which enjoys a prolonged history of civilization.
(At the base of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest)
The base of the hall is a triple-tiered, circular marble terrace, which is 90 meters in
5 diameter and 6 meters in height, covering a space of 4,000 square meters. Meticulous accuracy was given to the layout of the structure. In the middle of each three-tiered flight of stairs, there is a giant marble ramp carved in cloud, dragon and phoenix designs. To set off the ramps, the top of the balustrades and down pipes are designed with corresponding floral scrolls. In southern part of each tier, a gigantic bronze incense burner is placed. Sandalwood was burnt in them when rites were observed.
(In front of the hall of Prayer for good harvest)
Climbing up this marble terrace, we see the main hall, a masterpiece of ancient China. Looking up you will see the caisson, or covered ceiling, characterized by complex designs of dragons and phoenixes. In and out, the hall is decorated with colored drawing of dragons and phoenixes.
Without the use of steel, cement and nail, and even without the use of big beams and crossbeams, the entire structure is supported by 28 massive wooden pillars and number of bars, laths, joints and rafters. The four central pillars, called the dragon-Well Pillars, are 19.2 meters high and painted with designs of composite followers, representing the four seasons. There are two rings of 12 scarlet pillars each. The inner ring represents the 12 months and the outer rings the 12 divisions of the day and night .Between the two rings there are 24 partitioned spaces to mark the solar terms of the Chinese lunar year. The pillars, 28 in number, also represent the 28 constellations in the universe- the ancient Chinese believed that there were 28 constellations that made up the sky.
The center of the stone-paved floor is a round marble slab, which is 88.5 centimeters in diameter. Interestingly, the slab features natural black and white veins, corresponding to the dragon-phoenix design on the ceiling. This particular slab is known as the Dragon-phoenix stone and is regarded as a treasure inseparable from the hall.
The furnishings within the hall are placed in their original positions dating back to when Emperor Xianfeng ruled .In the forefront and above the throne are enshrined tablets in commemoration of Heaven. On either table on each side tablets of the emperor` s ancestors were placed. Each tablet is fronted by an altar. A total of 24 kinds of offering were made on it, including soup, wine, assorted cereals, and a calf.
The sacrificial rites were observed in the wee hours of the morning, sometime in the first month of the Chinese lunar year. Because it was still dark, candles, lanterns and torches were lit. This lighting coupled with the incense being burnt inside the hall, helped make the ceremony both grand and mystical.
By the time the service began, 207 musicians and dancers would be performing on platforms outside the hall. The emperor, in his blue sacrificial robe and with an air of
6 piety and sincerity, would walk slowly into the hall, kowtow, and offer wine and prayer in honor of the deities and his ancestors. All of the offerings would then be taken to incinerators on the eastern side of the gate of prayer for Good Harvest. With this we conclude our visit to the Temper of Heaven. The feudal monarchs and their sacrificial rites have long vanished in history .However, this group of magnificent and lofty structures remain as a fine testament of the ancient Chinese` s ingenuity and as one of the cultural heritages of mankind.
(On the Long Corridor)
From the Eastern Gate of the hall of prayer for good harvest, we have now entered a 300-meter-long corridor. Consisting of 72 sections, this corridor served as a connecting building between the Slaughterhouses. Heaven Kitchen, and the main hall, It is said that this once served as a sacrificial food production line. Flanking the corridor are shopping stalls. You may find some souvenirs for your family and friend there.
骊山英文导游词范文第5篇
Welcome to guilin!My name is xijingjing, and I’m very glad to be your local guide for today’s visition.
Now , I’d like to give you a brief introduction of the guilin,guilin isfamous as tourist city in the world , attracting a greatnumber of tourists who are from all over the word .With the increasing number of tourists ,the construction of tourist service facilities have beendeveloped rapidly in GuiLin.Nowadeys ,there are over 20 air routes thatcan reachHong Kong and the othermajor domestic tourist cities . 现在,桂林已经成为一个世界的重点旅游城市,每年都吸引大量的中外旅游者前来游览,随着游客的不断增多,桂林市的旅游服务设施建设也在迅速的发展。现在已有20多条空中航线可直接飞香港和国内的各个主要的旅游城市。
Guilin is a renowned historical and cultural city with 2000 years of history and a famous tourist city.GuiLin have a great number of ancient cultural relics, for example ,the han tombs in yanshang mountains ,the ancient pagoda of the tang dynasty , sculptures on the precipices of west mountains in tang dynasty,the ruin of dahe kiln of the song dynasty ,huaqiao ,tombs of king jinjiang of the ming dynasty ,the city wall of the ming dynasty ,and so on .
桂林具有两千年的历史文化名城,著名的旅游城市,桂林有着众多的古文化遗迹,如雁山汉墓群、唐代的木龙古塔、唐代的西山摩崖造像、宋代的大河窑址、花桥、明代的靖江王墓群。明代的王城等
GuiLin locate in the Limestone karst landscape ,therefor guilin is not only surrounded by the stone in the urban area ,but also is surrounded bythe weird shaped stonein the center city .It is surprised to everyone . There are many famous scenic spots. For example ,Trunk mountain, Diecai mountain, Seven Star rocks, and Fubo mountain ,and so on . 桂林处在石灰岩岩溶地貌,所以不仅城区周围峰石环绕,即使市区也是奇峰耸立,令人称绝,独秀峰。象鼻山、伏波山、七星岩、芦笛岩等都以成为特色的旅游景点。
There is much characteristic food in Guilin . Nowadays , Sichuan Food and Cantonese cuisine are vary popular . From splendid restaurants to local snacks, tourists who are from around the world can find that your need is met beyond your expectations. The most popular local snacks including Guilin rice noodles (mifen), nun noodles, chestnut glutinous rice dumplings (banli zong), stewed duck with gingko, lotus-leaf duck and stewed duck with ginger.
桂林包括许多地区特色食品。近年来,四川菜和广东成为最受欢迎的。从华丽的餐厅,小吃,来自世界各地的游客一定会发现,你需要的是 遇到超出您的期望。最受欢迎的地方小吃 包括桂林米粉(蜜粉),尼姑面,板栗粽子(半粒宗),白果炖老鸭,鸭和鸭烧生姜莲花叶。
米粉Rice noodles 扣肉Braised pork啤酒鱼Beer fish
桂林人口有125万,其中包括汉、壮、苗、瑶等11个民族,在桂林我们可以体验各种民族风情。
骊山英文导游词范文第6篇
苏州园林导游词【1】
各位下午好,我姓张,大家可以称呼我“张导游”,今天我给大家介绍苏州园林,希望大家一起度过今天的美好时光。
现在还没到景点,我先带大家了解一下苏州,自古有“上游天堂,下游苏杭”之说,苏州还有“东方威尼斯”之称。苏州园林宅园合一,可赏,可游,可居,可以体验让人舒畅的生活,美化和完善自身居住环境的一种创造。先提醒大家,在我们游玩期间,将会经过很多美丽的景点。为了保证大家的安全,请不要乱攀爬假山,不要践踏花草树木,也不要乱扔垃圾。另外,特别要带好自己的孩子,附近园林里水十分多。
各位游客,现在我们来到了沧浪亭。沧浪亭建于宋朝, 是苏舜钦的私人花园。园内有一泓清水贯穿,波光倒影,景象万千。踱步沧浪亭,可以看见沧浪亭外临清池,曲栏回廊,古树苍苍,垒叠湖石。曾经也许多赞美沧浪亭的诗句,比如“明月本无价,近水远山皆有情”。
我们继续往前走,现在到了狮子林。狮子林占地十五亩,东南多山,西北多水。狮子湖是水景观的主要景点,那里的假山别有特色,相当的精美。狮子林的建筑以燕誉堂为主,堂后有一个精美的小方厅。像燕誉堂之类的建筑在狮子林几乎随处可见,有名的有立雪堂。大家现在可以在狮子林自由活动30分钟,可以在此拍照留念。最后祝大家玩的愉快。
苏州园林导游词【2】
各位朋友,大家好,非常开心认识大家,并由我陪同大家去我国的著名历史文化名城和旅游胜地苏州观赏园林,到人间天堂去享受一天。
在车到景点之前,我先为大家介绍苏州园林的基本情况。“上有天堂,下有苏杭。”苏州为典型的江南水乡城市,素有“东方威尼斯”之美誉。当然,也请大家注意环境卫生,做一个文明游客。
我们马上到了今日黄金游的第一站留园。好,留园到了。留园位于苏州市园林路。它应用了分合,明暗等对比手法。大家好好观赏吧!
留园不留我们,那我们就去狮子林吧!狮子林到了,你们跟我来,狮子林变幻莫测,值得一览。
走过狮子林,出去约5千米,可见寒山寺,要不现在大家休息一会儿吧。说到寒山寺,大家自然会想起“姑苏城外寒山寺,夜半钟声到客船”的诗句吧!因唐初有个叫寒山的和尚未在这里住过而得名。现在寺内存碑一方,上刻张继写的《枫桥夜泊》一诗。
告别寒山寺,大家还恋恋不舍。希望它能给你们留下一个美好的回忆。
各位朋友,今天我们在人间天堂苏州度过了美好的一天。谢谢各位!愿大家旅途平安愉快,再见!
苏州园林导游词【3】
各位旅客,大家好!欢迎来到苏州园林参观。我是你们的导游,姓潘,就叫我小潘或潘导好了。下面就让我带你们去参观吧!
苏州园林以山水秀丽,典雅而闻名天下,有“江南园林甲天下,苏州园林甲江南“的美称。那里既有湖光山色,烟波浩淼的气势,又有江南水乡小桥流水的诗韵。
现在我们来到了拙政园。拙政园是我国四大古典名园之一。它位于苏州娄门内,是苏州最大的一处园林,也是苏州园林的代表作。你们看,拙政园建筑布局是不是疏落相宜、构思巧妙,风格清新秀雅、朴素自然?它的布局主题以水为中心,池水面积约占总面积的五分之一,各种亭台轩榭多临水而筑。主要建筑有远香堂、雪香云蔚亭、待霜亭、留听阁、十八曼陀罗花馆、三十六鸳鸯馆等。下面大家拍拍照吧,小心点,不要掉到水里或乱扔垃圾了!
参观拙政园后,现在大家跟我来到了沧浪亭。沧浪亭是苏州最古老的一所园林。沧浪亭园内以山石为主景。瞧,迎面一座土山,沧浪石亭便坐落其上。假山东南部的明道堂是园林的主建筑,此外还有五百名贤祠、看山楼、翠玲珑馆、仰止亭和御碑亭等建筑与之衬映。造园艺术与众不同,未进园门便设一池绿水绕于园外。山下凿有水池,山水之间以一条曲折的复廊相连,多美丽啊!
下面大家看到的是狮子林。是苏州四大名园之一。因园内石峰林立,多状似狮子,故名“狮子林”。林内的湖石假山多且精美,建筑分布错落有致,主要建筑有燕誉堂、见山楼、飞瀑亭、问梅阁等。狮子林主题明确,景深丰富,个性分明,假山洞壑匠心独具,一草一木别有风韵。
最后,让我们参观留园。留园为中国四大名园之一。始建于明代。留园占地约50亩,中部以山水为主,是全园的精华所在。主要建筑有涵碧山房、明瑟楼、远翠阁曲溪楼、清风池馆等处。留园内建筑的数量在苏州诸园中居冠,充分体现了古代造园家的高超技艺和卓越智慧。
现在,我们已经把苏州园林的几个名园都不得参观完了。我很高兴能和大家一起游览这些名园,非常感谢这一路来对我工作的支持,今天的旅途就先告一段落吧。
苏州园林导游词【4】
亲爱的游客朋友们你们好!欢迎大家来到苏州。我是你们这次旅行的导游小导。在接下来的旅程中将由我和大家共同度过,在游览的过程中,希望各位能积极配合我的工作,我也会尽全力为大家提供优质的服务,在此小贾先谢过各位了。
我们今天要游览的景点是苏州园林,提到它呢我想问一个问题:苏州园林是园林吗?大家会想:如果苏州园林不是园林,那我们去哪游玩啊?各位其实啊,苏州园林真不是园林,它是指中国苏州城内的园林建筑,是一个统称,主要以私家园林为主,其历史可以追溯到春秋时期的吴国。到清末苏州已有各色园林一百七十多处,现保存完整的有六十多处。在1997年,以拙政园、留园、网师园和环秀山庄为代表的苏州古典园林被评为世界文化遗产。
好了游客朋友们,现在呢我们就来到了拙政园。它与北京颐和园、承德避暑山庄、苏州留园合称为我国“四大名园”,被誉为“天下园林之母”,始建于1509年,据传它的建造者王献臣在建园之初,曾请吴门画派的代表人物文徵明为其设计蓝图,形成以水为主、近乎自然风景的园林。王献臣死后,他的儿子一夜豪赌,将园输给了他人。各位从园门进来呈现在我们眼前的便是东花园。入园后,首先映入眼帘的是东花园的主厅“兰雪堂”。“兰雪”二字出自李白的诗句“春风洒兰雪”,厅堂中间屏门上有一幅漆雕画,是拙政园的全景图。大家请看,拙政园分为三个部分:东部,曾取名为“归园田居”,以田园风光为主;中部,称为“复园”,以池岛假山取胜,也是拙政园的精华所在;西部,称为“补园”,以清代建筑为主。整个院子没有明显的中轴线,也不对称,但错落有致,近乎自然,是苏州园林中布局最为精巧的一座。
各位走出了兰雪堂,迎面而来的是一组太湖石假山。这块名为“缀云峰”的假山高耸在绿树竹荫中,与西侧形状怪异的石峰并立,叫做“联壁”。走到这里我们可能都会联想到《红楼梦》中大观园进门处的假山,是不是和这座假山极为相似。
游客朋友们走出了东花园,我们便来到了中园。中园是拙政园的主体部分和精华所在。总体布局以水池为中心,四周分布着高低错落的建筑物。从东面看,一山高过一山;从南面看,一山连接一山;从西面看,一山压倒众山,体现了一种“横看成岭侧成峰,远近高低各不同”的意境。各位请跟我走,我们面前的这座亭子叫作“悟竹幽居”。此亭俗称“月到风来亭”。是一座方亭,4个圆洞门使人联想到十五的月亮。站在其中向外看,犹如四个巨大的镜框镶嵌着苏州园林一年四季的风光。亭内有文征明的书额和对联:“爽借清风明借月,动观流水静观山。”
看过了东园田园风光,欣赏过了中园的池岛假山胜景,最后我们来到了西园。西花园的主体建筑 “卅(sa)六鸳鸯馆”和“十八曼陀罗花馆”是鸳鸯厅结构。从外面看是一个屋顶,里面是四个屋面;从里面看是一个大厅,南北分为两个客厅,北面客厅是夏天盛凉用的,南面客厅是冬天取暖用的。
游客朋友们,接下来大家可以在此拍照留念,咱们30分钟后集合,谢谢大家!
骊山英文导游词范文
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