二语习得学习总结
二语习得学习总结(精选6篇)
二语习得学习总结 第1篇
学习者个体差异对二语习得的影响论文
论文关键词:个体差异,二语习得
一、引言
自上世纪50年代以来,学习者个体差异在二语习得中的作用一直被广泛关注毕业论文提纲,学习者个体差异研究也已成为二语习得研究中的主线之一。按照众多学者的共识,这些个体差异因素包括以下几个方面:1)对如何学习外语所持的看法和观点;2)精神和心理状态;3)年龄因素;4)学习动机;5)语言能力倾向;6)认知风格 7)性格因素。本文主要探讨的时后四项个体差异因素对二语习得的影响。
二、动机因素对二语习得的影响
动机指的是那些能引起、维持一个人的活动,并将该活动导向某一目标,以满足个体某种需要的念头、愿望、理想等因素免费论文下载。其可分如下类型:
1. 内在激励,它指外语学习者从学习本身所获得的满足。教师和学生保持和谐的关系是维持学生兴趣的关键。
2. 结果动机毕业论文提纲,是指外语学习者由于取得好的学习成绩,产生成就感而获得的满足。动机与学习成绩是相辅相成。
3. 综合动机,指的是由于外语学习者对其所学语言为母语的民族及其文化等怀有一种浓厚的兴趣二学期语言,以达到与其交往,甚至融于该社会文化之中的目的。
4. 工具性动机毕业论文提纲,是外语学习者对外语本身并无兴趣或没有与讲母语的人进行焦急的条件,学习外语知识作为达到其他目的的手段或工具,如找工作,读原文报刊或通过考试等等,这样的动机成为工具性动机。
三、语言学习能力对二语习得的影响
语言能力倾向指外语学习者所具备的一种自然的语言学习能力毕业论文提纲,即它是一种可能发展出来的潜在能力。一般认为语言能力倾向主要体现在四个方面免费论文下载。
1. 语言解码能力,即具有辨别、记忆所学外语音素的能力。
2. 语法解码能力,有的学者亦称其为语法敏感性,这主要指学习者具有辨别句子中各个词所具有的语法功能的能力。
3. 归纳学习能力,指外语学习者所具有的辨别语言形式和意义之间对应关系模式的能力。
4. 机械学习能力毕业论文提纲,一般指对缺乏练习材料的学习或材料的意义联系缺乏领会的学习,即通常说的单纯重复,死记硬背的.学习。
四、认知风格对二语习得的影响
认知风格。它指个体在信息加工过程中表现在人之组织和认知功能方面持久一贯的特有风格。个体分支风格主要表现在以下几个方面:场依存性和场独立性;分析性与非分析型概念化倾向;对认知领域宽窄的选择;复杂认知与简约认知;冒险与保守。
认为属于连续体一段的人往往全年共享与更多地利用内在参照标志主动地对外来信息加工,这种人叫做独立于场的人;而属于另一端的人则往往倾向于更多地利用外在参照标志,不那么主动地对外信息加工毕业论文提纲,这种人叫做依赖于场的人免费论文下载。至于两种认知方式在外语学习方面孰优孰劣,目前尚无一致观点。
五、性格因素对二语习得的影响
在性格因素中诸如自尊心、抑制、焦虑、冒险精神及内外倾向等会对第二语言习得有一定的影响,它们使学习速度以及最终外语水平产生差异。
六、结语
在第二语言习得过程中,个体差异因素对学习者第二语言的系的影响非常大。但就目前研究成果而言,我们仍无法说明哪些个体差异因素对第二语言习得的成功起着至关重要的作用。此外,我们还应认识到除个体差异因素外,社会、外语习得机制、文化背景、学习氛围和环境等对学习者的二语习得影响也非常大。我们所研究探讨的个体差异因素仅仅是影响学习者第二语言习得众多因素之一。
参考文献:
[1]戴运财.场独立/依靠的认知方式和第二语言习得[J].外语教学与研究,
[2]蒋剑云,戴运财.年龄与第二语言习得[J]. 山东师大外国语学院学报, 2002
[3]朱中都.场独立性与场依赖性风格对二语习得的影响[J]. 外语与外语教学,2002
二语习得学习总结 第2篇
二语习得评论文章(读后感)
Critique of “What is the logical problem of foreign language learning?” by Robert Bley-Vroman Yang Wei This essay explores the available experience and attained competence in second language acquisition, namely, the logical problem of foreign language acquisition. According to the author, the logical problem of foreign language acquisition is that of explaining the quite high level of competence that is clearly possible in some cases, while permitting the wide range of variation that is also observed. This critique falls into two parts. First, a brief overview is made of the thesis; and in the second part, I will give some comments based on my own understanding on the thesis. 1. Overview In this thesis, the author explores and defends the proposition that child language development and foreign language learning are in fact fundamentally different, which is known as the Fundamental Difference Hypothesis. This hypothesis proposes that the language acquisition device (LAD) ceases to operate in foreign language learning and that foreign language learning is assisted by the native language knowledge as well as a general abstract problem-solving system. The acquisition problem was regarded as a logical problem: the uniformly successful and speedy acquisition of language by children in spite of insufficient input and without conscious efforts. In addition to first language acquisition, there are also people in many parts of the world who are learning a foreign language. Therefore, there is also a logical problem of adult foreign language learning: how do speakers come to know more than is present in the input? Before touching upon the logical problem of foreign language learning, the author lists nine fundamental characteristics of adult foreign language learning, from which it is evident that adult foreign language learning resembles general adult problem solving and not child language acquisition. In other words, adult foreign language learning is much more like general adult learning than it is like child language development. The nine fundamental large-scale characteristics of adult foreign language learning are: a. lack of success; b. general failure; c. variation in success, course and strategy; d. variation in goals; e. fossilization; f. indeterminate intuitions; g. importance of instruction; h. negative evidence; and i. role of affective factors. The above nine characteristics has provided solid foundation for the Fundamental Difference Hypothesis. Compared with child language acquisition, the author put forward that the function of LAD is filled in adults by the native language knowledge and by a general abstract problem-solving system. In the following the author summarizes four alternative hypotheses on the logical problem of foreign language learning. Besides the Fundamental Difference Hypothesis, there are the L1 Interference Hypothesis, the Input Hypothesis, the Affect or Socialization Hypothesis and the Competing Cognitive Systems Hypothesis. Then other possible evidences for the Fundamental Difference Hypothesis are mentioned. According to the author, three assumptions favor the Fundamental Difference Hypothesis, including learners’ languages not constrained by Universal Grammar, adults not having access to UG-generated knowledge and properties of language not necessarily clustering in adult-learned languages. 2. Comments The author’s argumentation on the logical problem of foreign language learning is based on solid foundations --- abundant evidences as well as quotations are provided to defend his opinion, and on the whole I’m convinced by the author’s standpoint. My experience of life can provide a good example for this. According to my teaching experience in senior middle school, it was very difficult to make the students pronounce some difficult English words decently. And different students took different learning strategies in English learning: some listening to special VOA every morning and evening; some reading several articles each week; some shouting Crazy English before breakfast; and even some only memorizing words from page to page before sleeping. But the result was more often than not dissatisfactory: they are incapable of communicating in English after graduation. However, things are totally different for children. My cousin’s two nineteen- month babies could call the names of others after hearing the pronunciation for only one time. What’s more amazing was that they were capable of imitating the English names such as “Wessle” even much better than my adult students! This example may provide a good evidence for the Fundamental Difference Hypothesis. Although the author’s view in this article is fully convincing, there are some important issues which are not covered. Here I’d like to mention one of them which I think is worthy of note: interpersonal competence versus academic competence. Scholars assert that communicative competence includes interpersonal competence and academic competence both in L1 and foreign language. There is a striking difference between the two. Interpersonal competence is generally acquired by ordinary people while academic competence is much more difficult to obtain. It is evident that not all native speakers can achieve L1 academic competence level, but some foreign language learners can achieve very high academic competence in the foreign language. In other words, non-native speakers can do better than native speakers in the academic competence of that language. This may pose a great challenge to the Fundamental Difference Hypothesis. REFERENCES Bley-Vroman, R. What is the logical problem of foreign language learning? Larsen-Freeman, D. et al. An Introduction to Second Language Acquisition Research Muriel Saville-Troike Introducing Second Language Acquisition
学习动机与二语习得 第3篇
近年来,英语学习动机的研究越来越引起教育界的重视,人们已经开始认识到它在英语学习中的关键作用。在二语习得过程中,动机是一个重要的情感变量,与第二语言的成就和水平呈正相关。动机较强的学习者通常在学习中比较活跃,而动机不足的学习者更容易引起课堂骚乱。对英语教师来说,只有了解学生的学习动机才能采取与之相应的教学策略来提高教学效果。在本文中,我首先介绍了动机的定义和分类,然后介绍了二语学习过程中动机的影响因素和重要性,并提出一些激发学习者动机的策略。
2. 定义和分类
学习动机就是推动学习活动的内外部因素。内部的动力因素称为内驱力,即学习者从事学习活动的内部驱动力量,它包括学习的兴趣、爱好和学习的信念等。外部的动力因素称为诱因,即能够激起有机体的定向行为,并能满足某种需要的外部条件或刺激物,如老师所提供的奖品、成绩等。在语言学习中,动机可以定义为学习者的整体目标或方向。
一般而言,动机分为三大类。第一大类中,动机可分为整体型动机、情景型动机和任务型动机。整体型动机即学习第二语言的整体方向或目标。情景型动机根据学习情景的不同而发生变化。任务型动机是执行特定的学习任务的动机。第二大类中,动机可分为内在动机和外在动机。前者是为了自我感知的需要和目标而学习;而后者只是为了得到别人的外部奖励而追求一个目标。在最后一种情况下,动机可以分为融合型动机和工具型动机。融合型动机指的是学习者对讲目的语的社团有真正的兴趣,希望能够更好地同使用目的语的社团的人交往,渴望参与目的语社会生活,甚至融入到目的语社团的文化当中。工具型动机则是指学习者为了某一特殊目的,如通过某一考试、获得某一职位、取得某种资格,或者是为了阅读、翻译目的语的材料,以获取目的语国家的某方面信息而去学习目的语。显然,融合型动机反映了学习者对目的语社团所代表的个人和文化有真正的、属于个人的兴趣,而工具型动机更重视目的语的实用价值及它的优势。
3. 二语习得动机的影响因素
影响二语学习者动机的因素有很多,最重要的有如下几种。
(1)自我意识主要是指学习者的自我概念、自我效能感和动力意识。
自我概念意味着对学习第二语言的优势或劣势的自我识别。自我效能感是指自我判断能力。当学生们意识到他们完成某项具体任务的能力,他们就会决定这项任务是否合适。如果认为目标很有意义并与之紧密相关,他们就会有强有力的动机。如果感觉没什么重要性,随之他们就不会有强烈的动机。
(2)学习者对第二语言的情感和态度。
感情因素指的是影响动机的感情变化。一些学生喜欢这门课程只是因为喜欢这位任课老师。
(3)社会环境和要求。
社会环境虽然是外部因素,但也影响学习者的动机。Ellis指出,外部环境、“黑匣子”和个体学习者因素都有可能影响二语习得。社会环境如种族背景会影响学习者学习某种特定语言的动机。如果他们所在的社会忽视某种语言,那么他们就可能没有学习这门语言的动机。
4. 动机对于英语学习的重要性
动机是语言学习的最重要的因素之一。动机与学习成就之间存在互动关系。动机为开展语言学习提供了主要动力,并为维持长期而乏味的学习过程提供了驱动力。一方面,如果没有足够的动机,即使是能力最显著的个体也不能完成长期目标,不能确保取得成就。另一方面,强烈的动机能够大大弥补学习者在语言天赋和学习条件方面的缺陷。
5. 激发学习者动机的策略
学习动机的激发,就是使学生把已经形成的潜在的学习需要充分调动起来,发挥其积极性。这是实现大学英语教学目标的保证。在我看来,激发学习者动机的策略主要有如下几种。
(1)培养学习者在二语学习中的自信。
如果学生满怀自信,他们的学习动机就会更加强烈,会表现得更好。相反,如果学生缺乏自信,他们自然而然就不会表现得很好,进而会失去学习的兴趣和动机。所以,培养学生的自信心至关重要。教师有必要让学生坚信,只要他们不遗余力地学习,英语能力是变化的是可控制的,一定要让他们充满希望。
(2)营造轻松愉快的课堂气氛。
紧张的课堂气氛容易引起学生的焦虑,这将阻碍学生的学习动机和学习效率。然而,轻松愉快的课堂气氛有利于学生自如地表达他们的思想,当他们犯了错误也不会感到很尴尬。所以,教师应该减少学生的课堂焦虑,让课堂更加轻松自如。一般来说,耐心幽默的教师倾向于营造轻松愉快的英语课堂气氛。
(3)使用原汁原味的实用的教学材料。
除非学生发现他们所学的材料值得学习,否则的话他们就提不起学习兴趣,所以使得教学材料对学生更有价值,更符合学生的口味,这很必要。教学材料应该包括一些有趣的故事和实用的时事,等等,这样可以激发学生的学习动机进行广泛的阅读。而且,目的语的地方或国际新闻也有助于学生更好地学习英语。使用实用的教学材料目的在于激发学生学习英语的兴趣。
(4)“以学习者为中心”的课堂教学。
在语言课堂上,教师应该摈弃传统的“以教师为中心”的教学模式。教师可以利用多媒体从各个方面来介绍英语电影、音乐和历史事件,以激发学生的兴趣。一旦有了兴趣,学生就会具有强烈的动机参与课堂活动,从而达到英语学习的目标。对于教师而言,不能只是要求学生死记硬背语言点和词汇,应该借鉴交际法的一些理念,提供给学生充足的机会来练习刚学的知识,在真实的语境中学会应用。教师可以设置一些问题供学生讨论,鼓励学生互相问问题,甚至是互相争论一些存在争议的问题。挑战可以激发更强的学习动机,产生更有效的学习效果。在课堂活动中,教师扮演的角色应该是“组织者”、“激发者”、“合作者”、“参与者”、“引导者”和“顾问”。“以学生为中心”,学生扮演主角的课堂才是成功的课堂。只有在“以学生为中心”富有活力的课堂上,学生才能够更好地练习英语,取得更大的进步。
(5)端正学生的态度,布置适当的任务。
学习者对于第二语言社团和文化的态度影响他们对二语学习的好奇心和注意力。学习态度很大程度上受第二语言价值的影响,例如实用价值和内在价值,实用价值是精通英语的结果;内在价值与学生参与英语活动的兴趣以及他们学习英语的预期感受息息相关。所以,在二语学习中,教师应该帮助学生树立积极主动的学习态度。
学习任务很重要,一定程度上我们可以说它是获取知识的保证。因此,在布置任务时,教师应该铭记学习任务要与学习内容有关,难易适度,而且要有挑战性,富有意义。
(6)教学方式多样化。
适当的教学方法能够激发学生的动机。教师应该意识到,他所采用的方法要对学生的学习动机产生影响。当学生深入地参与一系列有趣的富有挑战性的学习任务时,他们的自主性和创造性才能得以激发。因此教师应该倡导自主学习和合作学习。教师是促进者而不是导演,应帮助学生以任何方式激励他们的学习动机。教师应该不断变换教学方法,例如做游戏、看电影、唱英文歌、辩论等。通过这样做,学生的兴趣和动机才能得以激发。
(7)及时地鼓励表扬学生。
教师不要吝啬对学生的鼓励和表扬。学生如果经常因为在课堂上表现不好而受到批评,那么他将会失去学习英语的信心和兴趣。鼓励比责怪产生的效果要好。学生能够从老师的鼓励和表扬中获得自信。学生喜欢某个老师,不仅仅因为他的学术水平,更因为他的关爱和良好的性格。责怪批评会降低学生的学习动机,而经常性的鼓励会增强学生的自信心,使其取得更大的进步。
(8)给予适当的外部激励。
虽然一些研究人员声称,帮助儿童和成人思考和学习的最有效的方式之一是让他们摆脱奖罚的控制,但是我仍然认为适当的外部激励也可以产生更好的学习成绩,因为学习者的外部动机能够通过适当的奖励而得到加强。否则,如果没有外部动机,那些对于语言学习从内心不感兴趣的学习者就会失去动力。
6. 结语
第二语言学习动机是学习的前提。它激励学生学习,给予他们方向,产生成功的学习效果。而成功的学习又反过来激励学习动机。总之,学习动机在二语学习中起着举足轻重的作用。所以,加深对二语学习动机以及它的影响因素的了解对英语教师非常有帮助,他们可以有目的地采取一些措施来解决学生因动机不足而产生的学习问题。将来会有更多的关于学习动机的研究得以开展。希望我的文章能对各位英语老师有所帮助。
参考文献
[1]Domyei, Z.Teaching and Researching Motivation[M].Bei-jing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2005.
[2]Ellis, Rod.Understanding Second Language Acquisition[M].Shaanghai:Shanghai Foreign Educ ation Press, 1999.
[3]Freeman, D.L.&Long, M.H.An Introduction to Secnd Lan-guage Acquisition Research[M].Beijing:Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2000.
[4]Gardner, R.C.&Lambert, W.E.Attitudes and Motivation in Second Language Learning, Newbury House, 1972.
学习动机与二语习得 第4篇
近年来,英语学习动机的研究越来越受到教育界的重视,人们已经开始认识到它在英语学习中的重要作用。在二语习得过程中,动机是一个比较重要的情感变量,与第二语言的成就和水平呈正相关,动机较强的学习者在学习中比较活跃,动机不足的学习者则较容易引起课堂骚乱。对英语教师来说,在了解学生的学习动机的情况下,才能采取与之相应的教学策略来提高教学质量。在本文中,我首先介绍了动机的定义和分类,其次介绍了二语学习过程中动机的影响因素和重要性,同时提出一些激发学习者动机的策略。
1.定义和分类
学习动机是指推动学习活动的内外部因素,内部的动力因素称为内驱力,即学习者从事学习活动的内部驱动力量,它包括学习的兴趣、爱好和学习的信念等。外部的动力因素称为诱因,即能够激起有机体的定向行为,并能满足某种需要的外部条件或刺激物,如老师所提供的奖品、学生考试的成绩等。在语言学习中,动机可以定义为学习者的整体目标或方向。
一般而言,动机分为三大类。第一大类将动机分为整体型动机、情景型动机和任务型动机。整体型动机即学习第二语言的整体方向或目标,情景型动机则根据学习情景的不同而发生变化,任务型动机是学生执行特定的学习任务的动机。第二大类将动机分为内在动机和外在动机。内在动机是为了自我感知的需要和目标而学习,而外在动机是为了得到别人的外部奖励而追求的一个目标,在第三大类中,动机可以分为融合型动机和工具型动机。融合型动机指的是学习者对讲目的语的社团真正有兴趣,希望能够更好地同使用目的语的团体的人交往,并且渴望参与目的语社会生活,甚至融入到目的语社团的文化当中。工具型动机是指学习者为了某一特殊目的,例如获得某一职位,通过某一考试,获取某种资格,或者是为了阅读、翻译目的语的材料,以获取目的语国家的某方面信息而去学习目的语。显然,融合型动机反映了学习者对于目的语社团所代表的个人和文化有真正的属于个人的兴趣和爱好,而工具型动机更重视目的语的实用价值及它的优势。
2.二语习得动机的影响因素
影响二语学习者动机的因素有很多,最重要的有以下几种:
(1)自我意识主要是指学习者的自我概念、自我效能感和动力意识。
自我概念是指对学习第二语言的优势或劣势的自我识别。自我效能感是指自我判断的能力,当学生们意识到他们能够完成某项具体任务的能力,他们就会决定这项任务是否合适,如果他们认为目标很有意义并与他们紧密相关,他们就会有强有力的动机;反而如果他们感觉没什么重要性,随之就不会有强烈的动机。
(2)学习者对第二语言的情感和态度
感情因素指的是影响动机的感情变化,例如一些学生喜欢这门课程只是因为喜欢这位任课老师。
(3)社会环境和要求
社会环境虽然是外部因素,但也影响学习者的动机。Ellis指出,外部环境、“黑匣子”和个体学习者因素都可能影响二语习得。社会环境如种族背景会影响学习者学习某种特定语言的动机,如果学习者所在的社会忽视某种语言,那么他们就可能没有学习这门语言的动机。
3.动机对于英语学习的重要性
动机是语言学习的最重要的因素之一,动机与学习成就之间存在互动关系,动机为进行语言学习提供了主要动力,同时为维持长期而乏味的学习过程提供了驱动力。一方面,学习者如果没有足够的动机,即使是能力最显著的个体也不能完成长期目标,不能确保取得成就。另一方面,强烈的动机能够极大地弥补学习者在语言天赋和学习条件方面的缺陷。
4.激发学习者动机的策略
学习动机的激发,就是让学生把已经形成的潜在的学习需要充分调动起来,发挥其积极性,这是充分实现大学英语教学目标的保证。在笔者看来,激发学习者动机的策略主要有以下几种:
(1)培养学习者在二语学习中的自信
如果学习者满怀自信,他们的学习动机就会更加强烈,那么他们就会表现得更好。相反,如果学习者缺乏自信,他们自然而然就不会表现得很好,从而会失去学习的兴趣和动机。因此,培养学生的自信心至关重要,教师有必要让学生坚定地相信,只要他们不遗余力地学习,英语能力是可变化的也是可控制的,一定要让他们充满希望。
(2)营造轻松愉快的课堂气氛
紧张的课堂气氛容易导致学生的焦虑,这将阻碍学生的学习动机和学习效率。然而,轻松愉快的课堂气氛有利于学生自如地表达他们的思想,即使他们犯了错误也不会感到很尴尬。所以,教师应该减少学生的课堂焦虑,让课堂更加轻松自如。
5.结语
二语习得评论文章读后感 第5篇
Critique of “What is the logical problem of foreign language learning?” by Robert Bley-Vroman Yang Wei This essay explores the available experience and attained competence in second language acquisition, namely, the logical problem of foreign language acquisition. According to the author, the logical problem of foreign language acquisition is that of explaining the quite high level of competence that is clearly possible in some cases, while permitting the wide range of variation that is also observed. This critique falls into two parts. First, a brief overview is made of the thesis; and in the second part, I will give some comments based on my own understanding on the thesis. 1. Overview In this thesis, the author explores and defends the proposition that child language development and foreign language learning are in fact fundamentally different, which is known as the Fundamental Difference Hypothesis. This hypothesis proposes that the language acquisition device (LAD) ceases to operate in foreign language learning and that foreign language learning is assisted by the native language knowledge as well as a general abstract problem-solving system. The acquisition problem was regarded as a logical problem: the uniformly successful and speedy acquisition of language by children in spite of insufficient input and without conscious efforts. In addition to first language acquisition, there are also people in many parts of the world who are learning a foreign language. Therefore, there is also a logical problem of adult foreign language learning: how do speakers come to know more than is present in the input? Before touching upon the logical problem of foreign language learning, the author lists nine fundamental characteristics of adult foreign language learning, from which it is evident that adult foreign language learning resembles general adult problem solving and not child language acquisition. In other words, adult foreign language learning is much more like general adult learning than it is like child language development. The nine fundamental large-scale characteristics of adult foreign language learning are: a. lack of success; b. general failure; c. variation in success, course and strategy; d. variation in goals; e. fossilization; f. indeterminate intuitions; g. importance of instruction; h. negative evidence; and i. role of affective factors. The above nine characteristics has provided solid foundation for the Fundamental Difference Hypothesis. Compared with child language acquisition, the author put forward that the function of LAD is filled in adults by the native language knowledge and by a general abstract problem-solving system. In the following the author summarizes four alternative hypotheses on the logical problem of foreign language learning. Besides the Fundamental Difference Hypothesis, there are the L1 Interference Hypothesis, the Input Hypothesis, the Affect or Socialization Hypothesis and the Competing Cognitive Systems Hypothesis. Then other possible evidences for the Fundamental Difference Hypothesis are mentioned. According to the author, three assumptions favor the Fundamental Difference Hypothesis, including learners’ languages not constrained by Universal Grammar, adults not having access to UG-generated knowledge and properties of language not necessarily clustering in adult-learned languages. 2. Comments The author’s argumentation on the logical problem of foreign language learning is based on solid foundations --- abundant evidences as well as quotations are provided to defend his opinion, and on the whole I’m convinced by the author’s standpoint. My experience of life can provide a good example for this. According to my teaching experience in senior middle school, it was very difficult to make the students pronounce some difficult English words decently. And different students took different learning strategies in English learning: some listening to special VOA every morning and evening; some reading several articles each week; some shouting Crazy English before breakfast; and even some only memorizing words from page to page before sleeping. But the result was more often than not dissatisfactory: they are incapable of communicating in English after graduation. However, things are totally different for children. My cousin’s two nineteen- month babies could call the names of others after hearing the pronunciation for only one time. What’s more amazing was that they were capable of imitating the English names such as “Wessle” even much better than my adult students! This example may provide a good evidence for the Fundamental Difference Hypothesis. Although the author’s view in this article is fully convincing, there are some important issues which are not covered. Here I’d like to mention one of them which I think is worthy of note: interpersonal competence versus academic competence. Scholars assert that communicative competence includes interpersonal competence and academic competence both in L1 and foreign language. There is a striking difference between the two. Interpersonal competence is generally acquired by ordinary people while academic competence is much more difficult to obtain. It is evident that not all native speakers can achieve L1 academic competence level, but some foreign language learners can achieve very high academic competence in the foreign language. In other words, non-native speakers can do better than native speakers in the academic competence of that language. This may pose a great challenge to the Fundamental Difference Hypothesis. REFERENCES Bley-Vroman, R. What is the logical problem of foreign language learning? Larsen-Freeman, D. et al. An Introduction to Second Language Acquisition Research Muriel Saville-Troike Introducing Second Language Acquisition★ 隐喻理论在二语习得中的应用
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二语习得:语言观及典型研究 第6篇
二语习得:语言观及典型研究
本文在<二语习得研究特征之评析>一文的基础上,进一步搜集并梳理了第二语言习得研究的大量文献,发现第二语言习得研究中所表现出来的语言观分别为先天论、环境论和相互作用论,一些典型的研究揭示了第二语言习得研究在方法论上表现为语言学理论视角、心理学理论视角、教学理论视角和综合性视角等等.
作 者:丰国欣 FENG Guo-xin 作者单位:湖北师范学院,外国语学院,湖北,黄石,435002刊 名:湖北师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版)英文刊名:JOURNAL OF HUBEI NORMAL UNIVERSITY(PHILOSOPHY AND SOCIAL SCIENCES)年,卷(期):200828(6)分类号:H0-06关键词:二语习得 语言观 学科视角 典型研究
二语习得学习总结
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