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高中文言文必修一课文

来源:火烈鸟作者:开心麻花2025-09-191

高中文言文必修一课文(精选6篇)

高中文言文必修一课文 第1篇

我上高中的一天

我叫李康,住在石家庄,一个距离北京不远的城市。它是河北的省会。今天是我上高中的第一天,我正在记载我的一些想法。

我的新学校很好,我能看出这是为什么。老师们非常热情友好,教室令人惊奇。每间教室都有一台电脑,配有特别的屏幕,几乎和电影屏幕一样大。老师们在电脑上打字,这样他们打出的字就显示在他们身后的屏幕上。屏幕上海能显示图片,文本及来自网上的信息。它们真是太棒了。

英语课确实很有趣。老师是一位非常热情的叫沈老师的女士。我们使用新课本,并且沈老师的教学方法与我的初中老师的教学方法完全不同。她认为阅读理解很重要,不过我们课堂英语也讲得很多。我们上课很快乐。我认为我是不会对沈老师课厌烦的。

今天我们讨论互相自我介绍

。我们是以小组讨论式进行的。有些学生起初有些尴尬,不过每个人都很友善,这真是好。沈老师给我们提出要求,然后我们自己活动。

沈老师想帮助我们提高拼写和书写水平。我们用拼写游戏和其他活动这类有趣的方式来进行。我很喜欢她的态度,其他学生的行为表明他们也喜欢她。

我班上有65个学生,比我原来初中班上的人数多。学生中49人是女生。换句话说,女生的人数是男生的三倍。他们说通常女生比男生学习更努力,但在这个班上,每个人都很努力。作为我们今晚的家庭作业,我们写一篇描述我们所住街道的文章。

我的新教师 常言道第一印象非常重要,李老师给我的第一印象是紧张而且害羞。我想她那时可能就是这样,因为那是她给我们上的第一堂课。但现在,两周之后,全班同学都很喜欢上她的课了。她既和蔼又有耐心,而且她讲解英语语法如此清楚,以至于连我都明白。她避免使你感到自己很愚蠢。说英语时我一直很讨厌出错或发音有误。可是李老师只是笑笑,这样你就不会感到自己很蠢。我想可能对于成绩好的学生来说,她讲的有点慢,但是对我来说却极好。我觉得我会在她的课上取得进步的。

我猜陈老师快60岁了,她非常严厉——除非她要求我们(讲话),否则我们一句话也不敢说。她也很严肃而且不大爱笑。当她要你做什么事情时,你一定要马上做。我们班有几个学生上课老迟到,可是上陈老师的课他们一直都很准时。我们班有些同学不喜欢她,但是我们大多数人真的很佩服她,因为她讲课非常有条理,也很清楚。甚至还有几个学生表示喜欢她。在做科学实验时,她讲解的很确切,因此我的学习不断进步。虽然物理永远不会是我最喜欢的学科,但是我想由陈老师教我,我在考试中取得好成绩。

吴老师只教了我们两个星期就已经很受欢迎了。我想这是因为他真的喜欢语文数学——应该是热爱。他总是充满活力,这是一节你不会睡觉的课。我觉得他大约28岁,长得相当帅。他声音洪亮而且说话快,他兴奋的时候还会挥舞双手。他非常有趣,觉得我们感到厌烦时就讲笑话。上吴老师的课,即使向作文和总结这样的东西都充满了乐趣。我很敬重他。

我的首次火车之旅

我的名字叫爱丽丝.汤姆逊。我来自澳大利亚的悉尼,我18岁了。最近,我首次乘一列长途列车旅行。这次旅行真棒。我和我的朋友乘的著名的Ghan列车。我们在悉尼上车,在艾利斯斯普林下车,恰好在澳大利亚的中心,行程四千多里。我们在火车上度过了两天两夜。

这列火车非常不错,吃的食物相当棒。我们吃的美味饭菜是由烹饪专家做的。旅途的前几百公里景色非常丰富多彩。有土地,土壤是红色的。然后就是沙漠,太阳照耀着,没有一丝风,天空也没有云彩。突然,它看起来好像另一个时代的某个地方。我们看到被遗弃的农庄,这些农庄的建立史有一百多年。

乘这列火车是舒服的,车上的人也很友好。在白天,我做在车里看窗外,有时和别的乘客说说话。我读书,听汉语磁带。一天晚上,大约是午夜,差不多有一个多小时我都在注视着夜晚的天空。星星像钻石一样闪烁。

为什么这列火车叫Ghan?很久以前,澳大利亚人需要一种通往国家中部的途径,他们试过马,可是马不适合炎热的天气和沙地。一百五十年前,他们从阿富汗带回来一些骆驼。Ghan 是阿富汗的缩写。

对于长途跋涉而言,骆驼比马好得多。许多年以前,训练有素的骆驼运出事物和其他供给物,然后带回羊毛和其他产品。

阿富汗人和他们的骆驼穿梭其间,直到20世纪20年代。后来,政府建了一条新的铁路线,因此他们不再需要骆驼了。1925年,他们通过了一项法律,如果这些动物成了麻烦,就允许人们可以射杀它们。1935年,一个镇的警察曾在一天内在一天内射杀了153头骆驼。

因特网的发展历程

Internet是全世界最大的计算机网络,它起源与美国国防部高级研究计划局ARPA 于1968年主持研制的用于支持军事研究的计算机实验网ARPANET。ARPANET建网的初衷在帮助那些为美国军方工作的研究人员通过计算机交换信息,它的设计与实现基于这样一种主导思想:网络要能够经得住故障的考验而维持正常工作,当网络的一部分因受攻击而失去作用时,网络的其他部分仍能维持正常通信。

1985年当时美国国家科学基金NSF为鼓励大学和研究机构,共享他们非常昂贵四台计算机主机,希望通过计算机网络把各个大学和研究机构的计算机与这些巨型计算机连接起来。开始他们想用现成的ARPANET,不过他们发觉与美国军方打交道不是一件容易的事,于是他们决定利用ARPANET发展出来叫TCP/IP 的通讯协议自己出资建立名叫NSFNET 的广域网。由于美国国家科学资金的鼓励和资助,许多大学、政府资助的研究机构,甚至私营的研究机构纷纷把自己的局域网并入NSFNET。这样使NSFET在1986年建成后取代ARPANET成为Internet的主干网。

90年代初期,随着WWW的发展,Internet 逐渐走向民用,由于WWW良好的界面大大简化了Internet操作的难度,使得用户的数量急剧增加,许多政府机构、商业公司意识到Internet,这样Internet上的点数大大增长,网络上的信息 五花八门、十分丰富。如今Internet已经深入到人们生活的各个部分,通过WWW浏览、电子邮件等方式,人们可以及时地获得自己所需的信息。Internet大大方便了信息传播,给人们带来了一种全新的通讯方式,可以说Internet是继电报、电话发明以来人类通讯方式的又一次革命。

一个充满生机的城市 XL:又见到你真是太好了,约翰。

JM:见到你真高兴,你知道的,自从上次我们见面 到现在已经6年了。这是我第一次参观你的家乡。

XL:对,你能来这儿我很高兴。

JM:你知道,我已经看过中国的一些地方,游览过一些美丽的城市,但这是我到过的最吸引人的地方之一。这儿充满生机,每个人看起来都那么友好。

XL:是的,每个人都说这儿是沿海最有趣的的城市之一。生活在这里我感到很幸运。我喜欢住在海边。

JM:你住在厦门的西北部,对不对? XL:是的,你说对了。JM:这儿气候怎么样?

XL:夏天想当炎热潮湿,但冬天会很冷。

JM:对我来说听起来不错。这到处都有很多游客。难道他们不让你厌烦吗? XL:是的,因为夏天游客太多了,可能会挺烦的。JM:奥,看看那栋高大的公寓楼。

XL:是的,那楼刚完工。那里公寓的租金很高。JM:我相信你,这一地区的现代化程度很高。

XL:对,这是商业区。最近他们建起了许多高楼大厦,还有一些大型购物中心。看,我们刚经过一个,我妻子刚经过一个。我妻子刚从那的一个商店里买了一件漂亮的衣服。

JM:也许我可以在那买些礼物。

XL:明天我带你去。现在我们就要离开商业区,接近海港了。我们要进入西区,这里是全市最有趣的地方,有一些特别漂亮的公园。

JM:看起来真漂亮。刚刚穿过这片水域的是鼓浪屿岛吗? XL:是的,它是一个美丽的海岛,岛上有一些非常有趣的建筑。

JM:他们是这样跟我说的。你觉得我们停下来,四处走一会儿怎么样?

XL:好,我正有此意。我们可以把车停在那儿,一个朋友告诉我,附近有一家不大但挺不错的鱼餐馆。我去那吃午餐怎么样? JM:听起来是个好主意,我快饿死了。

高中文言文必修一课文 第2篇

1.美国独立战争的胜利,使美国摆脱了英国殖民统治

2.独立之初,美国是松散的邦联制,社会动荡,经济发展受到严重影响

3.华盛顿等人受启蒙思想影响,希望建立统一而强大的共和制国家

二、基础:美国1787年宪法的制定

1.主要内容

(1)联邦制

①中央集权和地方分权有机结合(联邦政府拥有政治经济军事和外交大权,各州可以在不违背宪法的前提下制定地方法律,有一定的自治权)

②联邦权力高于各州权力

(2)三权分立

①国会由参议员和众议院组成,掌握立法权

②总统是国家元首政府首脑和军队总司令,掌握行政权(对宪法负责)

③最高法院拥有最高司法解释权,掌握司法权

(三者独立平等,互相制约,有利于防止专制的出现)

2.特点

分权与制衡; 联邦制 ;民主制

3.意义

①它是世界上第一部比较完整的资产阶级成文宪法,奠定了美国政治制度基础。

②体现了分权与制衡原则,以避免权力过于集中,在一定程度上保护了资产阶级民主。

③在一定程度上缓和了中央和地方之间 大州和小州之间南方和北方之间的矛盾,为美国的长期稳定和发展打下了坚实的基础。

4.局限性

①允许奴隶制的存在,为美国内战爆发埋下伏笔

②不承认妇女黑人和印第安人具有和白人男子相等的权利,没有真正解决人权问题

5.建立

1789年华盛顿当选为美国第一任总统,美国的联邦制共和政体开始确立起来。

三、两党制

1.形成

19世纪20年代末至30年代初,是美国两党制形成的重要时期。

19世纪50年代中期,民主党与共和党两大政党的对峙格局最终形成。

2.特点

两党对垒 交替执政

3.实质

两党本质上都是资产阶级政党,代表不同的利益集团

4.作用

两大政党控制了国会,也左右着总统选举和地方选举

两党交替执政,成为美国共和政体的一大特色

两党相互监督,可以限制当权政党滥用权力

两党轮流执政,一定程度上可促使其不断调整政策,满足民众的某些要求,从而巩固资产阶级的统治

5.局限

高中文言课文深度阅读教学策略 第3篇

关键词:文言文教学,定篇文言课文,文言文深度阅读

文言文确实存在阅读理解困难现象。长期以来学生为分而学,教师唯考是教,文言文教学模式一直颇受诟病。一些教师“过于重视知识灌输,忽视学生情感体验”,课堂形式呆板,教学效果甚微(1);学生少有主动学习文言文的热情,“很难享受到学习课文给他们带来的心灵愉悦”(2)。钱梦龙先生早已撰文(《文言文教学改革刍议》,1997)指出:“目前文言文教学最大的弊病是什么?一言以蔽之曰:有‘言’无‘文’。”

为了有效改变文言文教学现状,我们在区教育发展中心《高中语文定篇课文深度阅读的三维策略研究》的课题之下主动开展了“高中语文‘定篇’文言课文深度阅读”的子课题项目研究,此论文即为课题研究的成果之一。

我们认为把文言文置于一定文化历史背景中理解是阅读文言文之必需,以“篇”为单位对文言课文进行深度阅读则或将是高中文言文教学的出路。所谓深度阅读,指“一种慢速的、沉浸式的、有着丰富感官细节和复杂情感、精神体会的阅读”(3)。在此试将“高中文言课文深度阅读教学策略”分点论述如下:

一、前期指导策略

开展文言课文深度阅读,前期准备工夫必不可少。师生需共同为之创造条件:教师必须提前做好深度阅读教学设计,学生则要在教师指导下做好文章本体的基础性解读。

做好教学设计,就是让学生清楚地明白,对于某篇文言课文学习,我们到底需要做什么、怎么做、如何一步一步推进,最后要达到什么学习效果;师生共同确立学习目标和路径。

广西的张咸竹老师曾撰文指出:“目标是一切行为的动因及结果,而没有次序的目标,则会让人陷入逻辑混乱的泥潭。”他认为教学目标必须是“阶梯形成长性的教学目标”,得“既有小的切入点,又有大的着眼处”。以下为张老师讲授《鸿门宴》时的教学目标(4):

破结———句子直译无错(小),通晓全篇大意(大);

见事———明白事件起止(小),理清全篇脉络(大);

知人———扣紧一言一行(小),把握人物形象(大);

通神———崇敬高尚人格(小),亲近传统文化(大)。

从上例张老师的教学目标中不难明白,要实现文言课文深度阅读,设置循序渐进的教学目标就是必需。这对课堂教学的组织和阅读深度推进都是十分重要的。

做好文章本体的基础性解读,则是学生在学习目标的任务驱动下,做好基础性信息准备和结构解读,如文本涉及的文化信息、结构体例、创作背景、艺术风格、作者际遇等。这是与文本展开对话,进行深度阅读的基础;没有抓好这一环节,接下来的种种分析探究就只能是“空中楼阁”。

如我教学《烛之武退秦师》时,曾让学生先行了解战国时“七雄相争、晋楚交兵、秦晋之好、重耳流亡”等历史故事,然后要求学生选择其中某一个国家作为叙述角度,重新讲述一个相对完整的国别体小故事。这样学生对课文的基础性解读就做得相当细致而充分,所以接下来往深一层次探究“烛之武为什么能够退秦师”时,大家的看法自然就见仁见智,精彩非常。

教师要做好充分必要的教学指导,尽可能创造条件帮助学生提前解决在学习过程中可能遇到的问题。如编印专题导学案、补充文化常识、提供内容背景、给出具体提示、收集存在问题、预判学习状况、制作指导课件等。

二、中期教学策略

在对文章本体进行基础性解读之后,就要对文章开展更高层次的批评鉴赏,即深度阅读。要在疏通文义和了解背景的基础上,让学生沉浸到文章中,用批判性眼光品评、鉴赏,用深刻性思维质疑、探究,进而实现与文本的深度对话和与作者的深刻交流。

首先沉浸到文章中。我们都曾有过这样的体验:当我们真正沉浸在书香里的时候,就能静享阅读的美好时光,甚至“忘掉”周遭一切;我们会随书中主人公的情感与命运或喜或悲。其实文言文阅读更需要我们代入,那样才能更好地理解作者,享受阅读,进而感同身受,启悟人生。

如广州二中段雪婷老师教授《过秦论》时的做法就很值得我们借鉴。段老师把全班同学设定为汉文帝治下的文武百官,分为“军事”、“政治”、“文化”、“法律”四组,每组都站在自己身份角度上“过秦”;结果大家纷纷代入角色,以汉文帝朝的“太尉”、“丞相”、“太常”、“廷尉”自居,纵横开阖直陈秦之过失,这节课上得非常精彩(5)。又如讲授《烛之武退秦师》时设计了“假如你是郑、秦、晋三国之中的某一国谋士,针对‘晋君要去围攻郑伯’这件事,你将提出怎样的见解和策略?”这么一份作业,结果让学生成功地实现了角色代入,取得了良好的阅读效果。

其次是进行批判性品评、探究。对文言课文进行深度阅读,除了反复诵读并深刻理解文本之外,还要对作者的思想观点、情感态度、行为方式、处事结果等进行历史的、辩证的分析,从而洞明时事,练达人情,让自己有所增益。

如学习《荆轲刺秦王》,需要学会历史地看待古人和英雄,实事求是地评价“荆轲”这一形象。学习《劝学》,如何在知识激增的现代社会继承和发扬荀子的观点,同样值得我们思考。学习《寡人之于国也》,则孟子“可持续发展”的治国理念仍然极具价值。

文言文深度阅读既需要我们转换角色,设身感受荣辱沉浮,与作者同喜共悲,又需要我们转换时空,躬行实践进退得失,跟圣贤取法求用。

三、后期强化策略

荀子曰:“知之而不行,虽敦必困。”(6)懂得许多道理却不付诸实践,虽然知识很丰厚,但必将遇到困厄。文言文深度阅读教学关键是让学生将课文中的思想观点、方法技巧等运用到实际生活中。

教师要引导学生从不同角度看问题,有意识地将课文中古人的思想言行与现代人进行比较,进而提出看法甚或发表不同的观点,由此培养学生思维的独立性和丰富性。

如《鸿门宴》中的座位问题,学界本有争议(7)。不少同学学习的时候,自然提出了不同看法。有的认为项王年轻无城府,妄自尊大;有的认为刘邦小心谦让,刻意装孙;还有的认为当时的座次其实并无刻意安排,只不过是司马迁真实的记录而已;更有的甚至怀疑文中座次的尊位是否为“东向坐”。同学们通过分享和辩论,各抒己见,自圆其说,自然使课文阅读不断走向深入。

教师要指导学生运用课文中的思想观点创造性地解决生活中的问题,运用课文中的方法技巧智慧性地解决人生中的困境,进而发展课文中的思想、观点、方法和技巧,培养学生思维的灵活性和创造性。

如学习《寡人之于国也》时,我就引用了“百度贴吧”上的一段谐文《寡人之于学习也》(8)让学生品鉴,令其学以致用,思考和反省自身存在的问题:

“寡人之于学习也,尽心焉耳矣。物理差,则移其心于数学,移其力于英语;化学差亦然。察同桌之学习,无如寡人之用心者。同桌之分不加少,寡人之分不加多,何也?”

同桌对曰:“君好睡,请以睡喻。周公召之,昏昏欲睡,弃笔曳书而倒。或半节而后醒,或整节而后醒。以半节笑整节,则何如?”

曰:“不可,直不整节耳,是亦睡也。”

曰:“君如知此,则无望分多于同桌也。”

同学们的学习热情顿时高涨,纷纷仿效,进行改写和再创作。此篇文言课文的教学深度自然不言而喻。

综上,高中文言课文阅读教学的强化提升,教师应努力在作业内容设计和呈现方式上下工夫,通过精心设计的作业帮助学生加深对课文知识的理解,通过精心安排的活动促进学生对所学观点方法的运用;不应该仅止步于对课文词句的解释翻译、背诵默写,止步于对学案练习的讲评检查。

文言文不仅是文化的载体,更是文化本身,无论是它的形式还是内容,都是文化的体现。孤立地讲字词文法,摘句以释词,断章而取义,其实是舍本逐末,自然投入甚巨而收效甚微。

对高中文言课文,我们需要精读慢读,读深读细。即便囿于时间和精力不可能做到篇篇如此,至少也应该选择其中一些开展“定篇”文言课文深度阅读。或将可以更好地引导和激发学生的阅读兴趣,让他们主动沉浸到文本中,进而理解、质疑、探究,使之与作者感同身受,并能从中学以致用,躬行体验。

但愿我们都能少一些应试式急躁,多一些耕读式静美,从而踏出文言文阅读教学的新路途。

参考文献

[1]陈德炎.既重字词,兼及文本——提高文言文阅读教学的实效性[J].课外语文(下),2013(7):113.

[2]杜亭.还文言文”文”之本色——文言文阅读教学策略例谈[J].现代语文:中旬.教学研究,2013(9):120-121.

[3]徐庆龙.让文言文教学奏出和谐的音符[J].语文新圃,2010(1):47-48.

[4]李宝民.高中文言文阅读现状初探[DB/OL].http://www.ruiwen.com/news/45373.htm,2016-4-20.

[5]沈在连.文言文深度阅读教学[R].广州:广州市白云区教育发展中心,2015.

高中必修教材文言文注释问题探微 第4篇

一、出版部门应科学编写教材

高中语文教材出版部门是必修文言文的选编者,其所具有的工作态度与专业水平都对教材质量有重大影响。因此,为有效提高文言文注释的质量,教材编写部门及编辑应始终保持严谨的工作态度,本着为学生负责、为教育负责的态度严格审查入选文言文的注释,尽可能避免错误注释的出现。在教材被普遍使用后,出版部门应借助问卷反馈表、网络调查等形式广泛收集学生及教师对自己出版的教材文言文注释的建议与意见。假如有师生或社会人员发现注释中存在问题的话,应及时将这些问题汇集在一起和专家进行研讨、分析,一经核实及时更正。

为了有效提高学生、教师、学者及文言文专家对高中语文必修文言文注释关注的积极性,出版部门还应制定一定的激励措施,比如可对社会公布文言文注释意见反馈信箱,对可正确发现文言文注释问题者及对文言文注释提出更合理建议者,可给予其一定的奖励。在此基础上,语文教材出版部门才能不断优化文言文注释,才能从源头上为学生提供更科学、合理的文言文学习辅助信息,从而为高中学生更好地了解与学习古代经典思想、文化创造良好条件。

二、语文教师应善于发现问题

在高中文言文教学活动中,教师是课堂教学的组织者与引导者。为切实提高文言文教学质量,在日常教学中教师应努力为学生把好注释关,从而为学生自主学习或探究学习文言文课文创造有利条件。这就需要教师在实际教学中不能一味地迷信教材中的文言文注释,也不能盲目自大,应始终以严谨、科学的态度投入到文言文注释的研究中去,以便及时发现教材中存在的不恰当、不科学的文言文注释。

通常情况下,文言文注释都是编者的个人观点,编著这些文言文注释的主要目的是为学生理清文章外部与内部的关联性,使学生在文言文注释的帮助下,可对文言文内容有更全面、更合理的理解,进而在阅读与学习中汲取尽可能多的古代文化精髓。那么,教师怎样才能及时找出文言文注释中存在的问题呢?

第一,努力丰富专业知识。只有储备足够的古汉语专业知识,才能使教师在教学中较为容易地发现文言文注释中存在的问题。因此,教师在业余时间应尽可能多地阅读古汉语书籍、著作等,借助多种渠道储备专业知识,以加深自己对文言文的理解程度,为自己在教学中察觉出文言文注释的不科学性、不规范性奠定基础。

第二,应具有很强的质疑精神。教师一旦发现文中注释不恰当的话,就应大胆提出疑问,并采取有效方法进行深层次探究。比如,文言文中出现的“蹴”字,我们习惯解释为“践踏”,但是在“蹴尔”一词中,如果还将“蹴”解释为“践踏”就不够恰当,因此可判定这一注释是错误的。在这种情况下,教师就应该借助多种途径引经据典地探究出更为恰当的解释。

三、教师应引导学生质疑注释

在新课改背景下,学生是教学活动的主体,其在课堂中处于主体地位,并且他们是注释的最主要使用者,因此也有很大几率发现注释中存在的问题。这就需要教师充分发挥自身的教学引导与组织者作用,为学生提供自主学习与合作探究的机会与平台,使得学生在深层次探究与学习文言文的过程中自然发现注释中存在的不规范、不科学之处。

在实际教学中,教师应充分重视课前预习的作用,并依据文言文教学需求,为学生布置一定的预习任务与预习目标,使学生在预习过程中对文言文字词句有初步的了解,并能依据自己的理解讲述文言文的梗概,从而使得他们有机会应用注释进行自主学习,进而发现前后文注释中存在的冲突之处、已学文言文相似词句意思与本文注释的出入,最终将这些问题汇报给教师,并与教师一起分析这到底是不是真的“问题”。

教学实践表明,只有发动学生力量、借助学生的集体智慧,才能更加全面地对高中语文必修文言文注释进行多层面、多维度的分析与检验,才能及时发现必修文言文注释中存在的问题,从而使提高文言文注释的科学性与合理性成为可能。

总之,文言文是苏教版高中语文必修教材的核心内容,注释是学生自主学习文言文的主要辅助资料,其质量的高低直接影响了学生学习成效的优劣,甚至决定了学生是否能真正汲取到古代文化的精髓。因此,高中语文教材出版部门、专家学者、教师、学生以及广大社会人士都应关注文言文注释是否科学与合理,并及时发现其中的问题,以便为学生更好地学习古代文化创造良好条件。

高中文言文必修一课文 第5篇

Unit 1

Lesson 1

A Perfect Day?

A Couch Potato

When I Wake up I don’t get up immediately I turn on the television and watch the children’s programmes and old movies until about half-past ten.Then I get up, go downstairs and switch on the TV in the living room.For lunch, I have biscuit and a glass of milk, and I watch the news.In the afternoon, I often watch another old film-they’re showing some good ones at the moment.In the evenings, I often watch TV series or sport and the news again.I like the main news at six o’clock.At nine thirty, if there is a good ploy on BBC2, I switch over and watch it.Then at night, I watch more films and I Usually switch off the TV at about two o’clock.I never watch TV all night.I watch TV for sixteen or seventeen hours a day.I also do some exercise every day.I take Tina, the dog, for a walk to the every afternoon.I don’t go far, of course, I walk to the wall outside my house.I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle.Of course, I couldn’t live this lifestyle without a good wife.She’s not here now because she’s working, but she always makes my meals.We haven’t got much money, you know, but we’re happy.Sit down and watch TV.Here’s the remote control.You’ve got the world at your feet.And in your hand.Great!沙发土豆

当我醒来,我不马上起床,我打开电视,看儿童节目和老电影,直到过去十年半。然后我起床,下楼,打开起居室的电视。吃午饭,我吃了饼干和一杯牛奶,我看新闻。在下午,我经常看他们展示了一些不错的电影另一个老电影。在晚上,我经常看电视剧或体育新闻了。我喜欢在六点的重要新闻。九三零,如果有一个好的策略在BBC2,我切换和看它。然后在晚上,我看电影,我通常在二点左右,关掉电视。我从不通宵看电视。我看电视,十六或十七小时。我每天也做些运动。我把蒂娜,狗,每天下午散步的。我不要走远,当然,我走到房子外面的墙。我总是把我的手提电视,坐在石头墙而狗走在一个圆圈。

当然,没有一个好妻子,我不能这样生活。她现在不在这里是因为她工作,但她总是给我做饭。我们没有多少钱,你知道,但我们很高兴。坐下来看电视。这里的远程控制。就在你脚下的世界。和在你的手。太好了。

A workaholic

I normally wake up about five minutes before my alarm clock goes off.As soon as I hear my alarm clock, I jump out of my bed.It takes me less than fifteen minutes to wash, get changed, have breakfast, leave home and get on a bus.I am always the first person to the office.The mornings are even busier!Meetings and phone call take up a large part of the day.Every minute of the day is filled with urgent matters.By around eight o‟clock, I usually find some time to do my own paperwork and answer some personal e-mail.When I get home at about ten, I look at some documents that I bring back from the office so that I can be ready for the next day‟s work.I get to bed around midnight when my wife and children are already asleep.I seldom have time for fun and other activities with my family.My family complains about it.But I try to work hard so that I can make more money for them.Besides, I get bored if there’s nothing to do.I like being busy.工作狂

我通常醒大约在闹钟响前五分钟。当我听到我的闹钟,我从床上跳起来。洗,换衣服,吃早餐,我花了不到十五分钟,离开家上车。

我总是到办公室的第一人。早晨更忙!会议和电话花了一天中大部分的时间。每一天的每一分钟都充满了紧迫的问题。大约八点,我通常会找时间做我自己的文书工作和回答一些个人电子邮件。

当我回家时在十左右,我看了一些文件,我从办公室带回来,我可以准备一天的工作。我半夜才上床睡觉,当我的妻子和孩子们都已经睡着了。

我很少有时间和家人一起娱乐活动和其他活动。我的家人总是抱怨。但我努力工作,以便能为他们赚更多的钱。另外,我感到厌倦,如果没有做。我喜欢忙碌。

Lesson 4

City And Country

Debbie is an accountant in a large company in the centre of London.I need to be in my office by nine o‟clock.I travel to work on “the tube”.That‟s what people call the underground in London.It takes about fifty minutes.Usually, it‟s so crowded that I can‟t find anywhere to sit.I just stand.I‟m always tired before I arrive at work.I don‟t like the underground!

I speed all morning checking numbers.Lunch is always simple.I often get a sandwich in a nearby sandwich shop or I just have some biscuits and a cup of coffee.Then in the afternoon, I return to the paperwork in the office.On Monday nights, I have dance classes, and on Wednesday nights, I go to the gym.I need to do that because I don‟t get enough exercise otherwise.On Tuesdays and Thursday nights, I have French classes.I work for a French company so I think studying French will help me in my job.I go the cinema almost every weekend, Sometimes, if the weather forecast is good, my friends and I drive to the countryside for a weekend break.We like to visit nice, quiet places far away from the city and go walking where there are no shops, crowds or the tube.That fresh air is so good for my lings, I love it.Paul lives in a small village in the north of England.I usually get up at four o‟clock every morning when it‟s still dark.I live and work on the farm so I don‟t need to travel.After a big breakfast in my house, I work out of the front door and I‟m already at work.There are many things to do on the farm all day.We don‟t have the same work hours that office workers In the city have.We do jobs when they need to be done and that could be early in the morning or late at night.I have cows, sheep, pigs and chickens on my farm.I have to make sure they are free of sickness.I also grow wheat and vegetables so there are many things to look after.In the evening, I like to play with my children.I have two children, a boy and a girl.They are six and eight years old.I also like to study.Right now I am studying Chinese by distance learning.I am very interested in China and it‟s my dream to see the Great Wall one day.I love movies.My wife calls me a “movie fan”.But there isn‟t cinema in my village so I don‟t get the chance to go very often.I go about twice a year, usually when I go to London with my family.We take a weekend break there when I am not too busy on the farm.My wife loves looking in the clothes shops and I like all the crowds and the noise.I also like to buy a few cigars.Unfortunately, my wife isn‟t as fond of them as I am.My son and daughter love to ride on London‟s red buses and they especially love to go on the tube!④城市和国家

戴比是在伦敦市中心一家大型公司会计。

我必须九点在我办公室。我到工作在“管”。这就是人们所说的伦敦地铁。它需要大约五十分钟。通常,它是如此拥挤,我找不到任何地方坐。我只是站在。我一直都很累我上班之前。我不喜欢地下!

我整个上午检查数的速度。午餐总是很简单。我经常在附近的三明治店里买个三明治或我只是有一些饼干和一杯咖啡。然后在下午,我回到办公室的文书工作。在星期一的晚上,我有舞蹈课,在星期三的晚上,我去健身房。我需要做的,因为我没有得到足够的锻炼,否则。在星期二和星期四晚上我去上法语课。我为一家法国公司工作,所以我想学习法语,会帮助我在我的工作。

我去看电影,几乎每个周末,有时,如果天气好,我和我的朋友开车去乡下度周末。我们想去好,安静,远离城市,走在没有商店的地方,人们或管。这新鲜的空气是我的小狗很好,我喜欢它。在英格兰北部的一个小村庄,保罗的生活。

我通常会在每天早上四点的时候它还是黑的。我住在农场上工作,所以我不需要旅行。在我的房子里吃过丰盛的早餐后,我解决的大门前,我已经在工作。有许多事情要做,整天在农场。我们没有相同的工作时间在办公室工作的人们。我们做的工作时,他们需要做的工作,可以在清晨或深夜。我有牛,羊,猪和鸡在我的农场。我要确保他们都是免费的疾病。我也种植小麦和蔬菜,所以有很多事情照顾。

在晚上,我和我的孩子们喜欢玩。我有两个孩子,一个男孩和一个女孩。他们是六岁和八岁。我还喜欢研究。我现在正通过远程教育学习汉语。我对中国很感兴趣,我的梦想是有一天看到长城。

我喜欢电影。我的妻子叫我“影迷”。但没有在我村的电影院,所以我没有机会经常。我每年两次,通常当我去伦敦,我的家人。我们用一个周末休息时我不太忙农场。我的妻子喜欢逛服装店,我喜欢所有的人群和噪音。我也喜欢买几支雪茄。不幸的是,我的妻子不象我一样喜欢他们。我的儿子和女儿的爱骑在伦敦的红色双层巴士,他们特别喜欢去管!Culture corner

English Tea And Coffee Culture

One thing British and Chinese cultures share is a love for fine tea.Today, when we think of the English and beautiful china tea cups.Afternoon Tea

People believe that an English duchess, Anna, the 7th Duchess of Bedford(1788-1861)first introduced the idea of afternoon tea.In the 18th and 19th centuries, the English ate only two main meals each day – breakfast and a heavy supper that would last for several hours in the evening.As a result, people often got these two meals.To solve this problem, the Duchess came up with the clever idea of inviting some friends to join her fir an afternoon meal between four and five o‟clock.This meal included cakes and sandwiches, and tea was served to wash down the food.In order to make this afternoon meal important, fine china cups and plates, and silver teapots, knives, forks and spoons were used.Soon, afternoon tea parties became popular social occasions.Today, afternoon tea parties continue to play an important part in the social life of wealthy people in modern Britain.Will you come for coffee? Coffee also has an important role in British culture.People often use the words “will you come for coffee?” to mean “Would you like to come to my home for a chat?” Normally, several different drink like orange juice will be served as well as coffee, and you will be asked what you would like.However, you will not normally be offered wine at a “coffee” party.Coffeehouses and the London Stock Exchange

In the 17th century London, coffeehouses were busy, noisy places.Merchants and bankers went to coffeehouses to do their business, as well as to drink coffee.In fact, the London Stock Exchange is believed to have started from these coffeehouses.文化角

英国茶和咖啡文化

一个英国和中国文化共享是一个爱的好茶。今天,当我们认为英语和美丽的中国茶。

下午茶

人们认为,英国公爵夫人,安娜,第七贝德福德公爵夫人(1788-1861)首先介绍了下午茶的想法。在第十八和第十九世纪,英国只吃两个主餐每一天–早餐和丰盛的晚餐会持续几个小时在晚上。因此,人们经常把这些两餐。为了解决这个问题,公爵夫人想出邀请一些朋友到她的杉木四和五点之间一个下午餐的聪明的主意。这顿饭有蛋糕和三明治,茶是用来冲洗食物。为了使下午茶的重要,好的瓷器杯子和盘子,银质的茶壶,刀子,叉子和勺子被使用。很快,下午茶变成了流行的社交场合。今天,下午茶聚会中继续发挥富人在现代英国社会生活的一个重要组成部分。

你要来杯咖啡吗?

咖啡在英国文化中占有重要的作用。人们常说“你要来杯咖啡吗?“的意思是“你愿意来我家聊天?“通常情况下,几种不同的喜欢喝橙汁将服务以及咖啡,你会问你喜欢什么。然而,你将不在“咖啡”一方提供酒。

咖啡馆和伦敦证券交易所 在第十七世纪的伦敦,咖啡馆都忙,嘈杂的地方。商人和银行家去咖啡馆去做他们的生意,以及喝咖啡。事实上,伦敦证券交易所已开始从这些咖啡馆。

本单元单词

问卷,调查表questionnaire 要紧,有重大关系matter 搭档,合作者partner 生活方式lifestyle 牧羊人shepherd平静的,和平的peaceful 放松的,轻松的relaxing 充满压力的,紧张的stressful 认为,猜想suppose 系列series 电视连续剧TV series 卡通片,动画片cartoon 谈话节目,现场访谈talk show 抱怨,投诉complain 长沙发,睡椅couch 终日懒散在家的人couch potato 转换,转变switch 把开关打开,接通switch on 转换频道switch over 把……关掉,关上switch off 英国广播公司BBC=British Broadcasting Corporation 轻便的,手提(式)的portable 遥远的remote 遥控remote control 工作狂workaholic 日常文书工作 paperwork 警报,警告器alarm 闹钟alarm clock(铃,爆竹等)响go off 占据take up 充满着be failed with 急迫的,紧急的urgent 公文,文件document 午夜,半夜midnight 厌烦的,不感兴趣的bored 压力stress 演播室,工作室studio 专家 expert 遭受(痛苦)遭受疼痛suffer 忍受,遭受suffer from 压力pressure 社交的,社会的social 减少,降低reduce 组织 organise 饮食,节食diet 更喜欢,宁愿prefer 忍耐,忍受stand 志愿者volunteer 毕业graduate 零下,负minus 脸盆basin 挑战challenge 支持,支撑support 拨(电话号码)dial 设计design 广告advertisement 表演,展示presentation解决,解答solve 会计,会计师accountant(英)地铁tube 拥挤的crowded 附近的,在附近nearby否则,另外otherwise 预报,预测forecast 预报,预测forecast 人群,一伙人 crowd 肺lung 疾病sickness 距离distance 远程学习distance learning 雪茄烟cigar 此刻,目前at the moment数年间over the years 调查survey 古典的classical 迷你裙mini-skirt正式的,合礼仪的formal 骑自行车cycle(中国)功夫 Kang fu 风格,样式style

Unit 2 Lesson 1

Modern Heroes Nations Hero

China‟s first manned spaceship lifted off at 9 a.m.on Wednesday, October 15th , 2003 in Jiuquan, Gansu Province.The spaceship, called Shenzhou V, was carrying China‟s first astronaut, Yang LiWei.Yang, who was a pilot in the army, was chosen from 1,500 other army pilots and stared training for his space flight in 1998.The launch was very successful.“When the spaceship was lifting off.I could really feel the high gravity”, said Yang LiWei.When the spaceship separated from the rocket, I suddenly got a feeling of soaring into the sky because of the zero gravity”.During the 21 – hour space flight, the Shenzhou V circled the earth 14 times.While the spaceship was circling the earth for the sixth time, Yang LiWei spoke with ground control in Gansu.He was also able to speak with his wife and 8-year-old son.Yang LiWei had several tasks to complete during the flight and only slept in the spaceship for about 3 hours.While he was sleeping, the spaceship circled the earth twice.When the spaceship was doing its seventh circle, Yang LiWei showed the flags of China and the United Nations, expressing the wishes of the Chinese people to explore and use space peacefully.At 6:23 a.m.on October 16th, Yang LiWei landed in Inner Mongolia safely.He told reporters later.“The surface of the spaceship was glowing red when it came back into the earth‟s atmosphere.When Shenzhou V let out its parachute, I felt the ship was shaking,” As Yang LiWei returned into the earth‟s atmosphere, helicopters were flying to where he would land, ready to collect him.Millions of people all over China were watching TV when the spaceship landed safely.When Yang LiWei climbed out of the spaceship, he smiled and waved to the crowds waiting for him.Yang LiWei was happy to be home but he said, “I though 21 hours was too short to stay in space.”

国家英雄

中国第一艘载人飞船升空,在星期三上午9点,2003年10月15日在酒泉,甘肃省。宇宙飞船,“神舟五号,载着中国第一位宇航员,杨利伟。杨,谁在军队飞行员,是从1500名军事选择盯着他的太空飞行训练1998。发射非常成功。“太空船起飞时。我真的觉得高重力”,杨利伟说。当飞船与火箭分离,我突然有一种感觉,升入天空因为零重力”。

在21–小时的太空飞行,神舟五号绕地球转14圈。当飞船环绕地球第六次,杨利伟跟甘肃地面控制。他同时也能与他的妻子和8岁的儿子说。杨利伟有几个任务飞行期间完成,只能睡在船上约3小时。他睡觉时,飞船绕地球两圈。当飞船飞到第七圈时,杨利伟展示了中国国旗和联合国国旗,表达了中国人民和平开发、利用太空。

在十月十六日早上6:23,杨利伟在内蒙古安全着陆。他后来告诉记者。“宇宙飞船的表面发光的红色回到地球的大气层。神州5号释放降落伞时,我感到船摇晃,”杨利伟返回大气层时,直升机飞往他将着陆的地方,准备好接他。成千上万的中国人正在看电视时,飞船安全着陆。杨利伟走出飞船,他微笑着,等候他的人群挥手。杨利伟很高兴能回到家,他说,“我虽然很短,在太空停留21小时。”

Lesson 3

Sports Stars

VENUS AND SERENA WILLIAMS are sisters.They are also both tennis champions who often have to play each other!Venus is now eleventh in the world, and her younger sister Serena has moved up to third.The two sister were born in a poor and dangerous area of California.It was full of drugs and violence.In a recent interview, Venus spoke about the time when she and Serena were practising tennis and they had to run and hide as bullets started flying through the air.Finally, in 1991, the sister then they have never looked back.The sisters‟ father, Richard, started to train Venus and Serena when they were young children.He has always been very strict with his daughters, training them hard to compete against each they completed their high school while developing their tennis careers.Today, both sisters are studying design at college.They have already expressed a keen interest in working in design after their tennis careers come to an end.The sisters‟ road to success has been amazing.The first time Venus played in a big event was in 1996.Since then, she has won Wimbledon and the US open make fantastic progress.In 1999 and 2002 and 2003, she was the woman‟s singles champion at Wimbledon.Has tennis ever caused problems between the sisters? Fortunately, no.“We‟ve played each other before and it hadn‟t worried us yet!” says Venus.“If she wins,” Serena jokes, “Mama says she has to do the dishes!”

③体育明星

金星和小威廉姆斯是姐妹。他们也是网球冠军经常要打对方!金星现在在全世界的第十一,和她的妹妹塞雷娜已经上升到第三。

两个姐姐都出世在一个贫穷的、危险的地区加利福尼亚。这是充满毒品和暴力。在最近的一次采访中,维纳斯说,那时她和塞雷娜都练习打网球,他们不得不跑和子弹在空中穿梭隐藏。最后,在1991的妹妹,然后头也不回地。

这对姐妹的父亲,李察,开始训练金星和塞雷娜在他们年幼的孩子。他一直与他的女儿非常严格,训练他们很难对他们完成高中在发展他们的职业网球比赛。今天,姐妹俩都在大学学习设计。他们已经表示在网球生涯结束在设计工作的兴趣。这对姐妹的成功之路是惊人的。金星在一个大事件,第一次是在1996。自那时以来,她已经赢得温网和美网取得了惊人的进步。1999、2002和2003,她是女子单打冠军在温布尔登。曾引起姐妹之间的问题打网球吗?幸运的是,第“我们已经打了对方之前,它没有担心我们呢!“说金星。“如果她赢了,”塞雷娜说,“妈妈说她做的菜!“

Lesson 4

Superhero

Christopher Reeve was born in September, 1952.He was in his first school play when he was eight and he stared to act in TV shows and films while he was still in college.He made many successful films and TV shows but he is most famous for his Superman films.Unfortunately, disaster came in 1995 when he fell from his horse and broke him to live.However, he made amazing progress.At first, he couldn‟t breathe without a machine, but he learnt to breathe on his own.He would never walk again but he stared a new life with great courage.The second year after hid accident, Christopher returned to film making.He also raised a lot of money to promote medical research into back injuries.He made speeches all over the USA about his experiences.This not only draw public attention to research into back injuries but also encouraged a lot of people living with all kinds of problems.From their home, Christopher and his wife Dana spoke about their life after the accident.Have you though of giving up after the accident?

“No.Four days after the injury, I came to understand my situation.My wife Dana and I were in the hospital.The doctor said I was not going to pull through, Dana said: „But you‟re still you, and I love you.‟ And that saved my life.Since that moment I have never thought of giving up.Of course, I‟ve had moments of felling sorry for committing suicide.”

Did you think that your marriage was so strong?

“Yes, because Dana‟s so wonderful.We have always got on really well.Our relationship has always been fantastic.”

How did your parents react to the accident?

“They divorced when I was four.They‟ve got closer since the accident.”

How did you get involved with charity work? “I know a lot of disabled people need my help.This is how I got involved with my charity work to improve the quality of life for all disabled people.”

“With the progress of new medical research, I‟m confident that people like me would be able to walk again one day.So you can see.I‟m far too busy with living to think of giving up!”

Christopher Reeve died on October 10, 2004.But people all over the world will always remember him as a superhero.④超级英雄

克里斯托弗里夫是天生的九月,1952。他在他的第一所学校打在他八岁的时候,他开始在电视节目中表演和电影时,他还在上大学。他做了许多成功的电影和电视节目,但他最著名的是他的超人电影。

不幸的是,灾难降临在1995时,他从马上摔下来,摔他活着。然而,他取得了惊人的进步。起初,他离不开呼吸机,但他了解到自己呼吸。他再也不能走路,他盯着新生活的勇气。

第二年后隐藏的事故,克里斯托弗回到了电影制作。他还提出了很多钱来促进背部受伤的医学研究。他各地讲述自己的亲身经历的美国。这不仅吸引公众的注意力研究背伤也鼓励了大量的各种问题的人生活。

从他们的家里,克里斯托弗和他的妻子Dana讲述了事故发生后他们的生活。你虽然放弃了事故发生后?

“受伤四天后,我才明白我的情况。我的妻子达娜和我在医院里。医生说我不会拉,Dana说:“但你还是你,我爱你,救了我的命。”。从那一刻起,我从未想过放弃。当然,我已经感觉对不起自杀的时刻。” 你认为你的婚姻是如此强烈?

“是的,达娜真棒。我们一直相处得很好。我们的关系一直都很好。” 你的父母是如何对事故的反应?

“我四岁的时候就离婚了。他们走近时由于事故。” 你是如何参与慈善工作吗?

“我知道很多残疾人需要我的帮助。这是我如何参加了慈善事业,提高残疾人的生活质量。”

“随着新的医学研究的进步,我相信像我这样的人可以走一整天了。所以你可以看到。我想放弃的生活太忙碌!“

克里斯托弗里夫于2004年10月10日去世。但是全世界的人民将永远记住他是一个超级英雄。

Culture Corner

Space Heros In the course of space exploration, 434 astronauts have made the journey into space.Men and women from nations all over the world have studied, trained and worked hard in order to go into space.Yet, it is not a job without risk and 20 of those people have died while in space or in space programme training.Yuri Gagarin

On April 12, 1961, Russian astronaut Yuri Gagarin became the first person in space.He died only seven years later on March 27, 1968 in an air crash during a training session in the East of Moscow.Gregory Jarvis, Ronald McNair, Francis Scobee, Michael Smith, Judith Resnik Ellison Onizuka, Sharon MacAuliffe

On January 28, 1986, these seven American astronauts(five men and two women)died when the space shuttle Challenger exploded soon after launching.Among them was Sharon MacAuliffe, a high school teacher, who was to be the first teacher in space.Millions of people around the world and many students in primary and secondary schools saw the tragedy on TV.Chawla kalpana(USA), Rick Husband(USA), William McCool(USA), Michael Anderson(USA), Laurel Clark(USA), Ilan Ramon(Israel)

On February 1, 2003, 16 minutes before landing, the space shuttle Columbia exploded.The five men and two women crew, which included the first Indian born woman in space as well as Israel‟s first astronaut, all died.Here is part if US President Ronald Reagan‟s speech after the 1986 Challenger disaster:

“For the families of the seven, we cannot bear, as you do, the full impact of this tragedy.But we feel the loss, and we‟re thinking about you so very much.Your loved ones were daring and brave, and they had that special grace, that special spirit that says,‟ Give me a challenge and I‟ll meet it with joy.‟ They had a hunger to explore the universe and discover its truths.They wished to serve, and they did.They served all of us.”

文化角 航天英雄

在空间探索的过程中,434名宇航员进行太空之旅。来自世界各地的研究国家的男人和女人,训练和努力工作是为了进入太空。然而,这是不工作,没有人的风险和死亡20人而在空间或空间计划的培训。尤里加加林

1961年4月12日,俄罗斯太空宇航员尤里加加林成为第一个。他去世七年后对空难1968年3月27日在训练在莫斯科以东。

格雷戈瑞贾维斯,罗纳德•迪克斯科比,弗兰西斯,迈克尔史密斯,朱迪思尼克埃利森鬼冢,沙龙麦考利夫

1986年1月28日,这七名美国宇航员(五男两女)去世时,挑战者号航天飞机爆炸后不久,发射。其中沙龙麦考利夫,一个高中老师,谁是第一个进入太空的教师。世界各地的小学和中学的许多学生数百万人在电视上看到的悲剧。Chawla Kalpana(美国),瑞克丈夫(美国),威廉麦库尔(美国),迈克尔安德森(美国),桂克拉克(美国),宜兰拉蒙(以色列)

2003年2月1日,着陆前16分钟,哥伦比亚号航天飞机爆炸了。五男两女船员,包括印度第一个天生的女人在空间以及以色列的第一位宇航员,都死了。这里是如果美国总统罗纳德里根的演讲1986挑战者号灾难后:

“对于七的家庭,我们不能承受,因为你做了,这个悲剧的全部影响。但是我们感受到了损失,我们非常想念你们。你们的亲人勇敢无畏,他们的特殊的恩典,特别的精神,说,“给我一个挑战,我都会欣然接受。”他们渴望探索宇宙和发现真理。他们希望服务,和他们做的。他们为我们所有的人。”

Bulletin Board

A TV programme, Hero Show, is inviting student‟s opinions on what qualities heroes and heroines should have.Read the notice and the two responses.Then add your ideas on the board.Heroes and Heroines

What qualities should a hero or heroine have? Good looks, a kind heart, a special talent? Send your views to the Hero Show.Here you can share your ideas with other students and exchange photos about your heroes and heroines.Yao Ming is my hero.I think he‟s a fantastic basketball player … He not only plays basketball well, but he is also nice and friendly to his fans.He is the most successful Chinese basketball player who has joined NBA and is admired by Americans.I think he has won honour for our country.My grandma is my heroine.She‟s lived a hard life but still manages to be cheerful and kind to others.She also has a good memory and tells me what life was like when she was young.I‟ve learned a lot from listening to my grandma and want to thank her fir everything she‟s taught me.公告板

一个电视节目,是英雄,邀请学生的意见有什么品质的英雄应该。看,这两种反应。然后添加你的想法在板上。英雄

一个英雄应该具备什么素质?看起来很好,善良的心,一个特殊的人才?把你的意见向英雄展。在这里,你可以与其他学生和交流的照片,你的英雄分享你的想法。

姚明是我的英雄。我认为他是一个很棒的篮球运动员„„他不仅打篮球打得很好,但他对他的球迷也很友好。他是中国最成功的篮球球员加入NBA和敬佩的是美国人。我认为他已经为我们国家赢得了荣誉。

我的祖母是我的英雄。她过着艰苦的生活,但仍要开朗善良的人。她也有很好的记忆力,告诉我是什么样的生活时,她很年轻。我已经学到了很多从听我奶奶要感谢她的FIR一切她教我的。

本单元单词

镇静的,沉着的calm 慷慨的,大方的generous 暴力的violent 人物,性格character 太空船spaceship载人宇宙飞船manned spaceship 省province 宇航员astronauts 飞行,航班flight 发射launch 地心引力gravity升空,升腾soar 联合国the United Nations 探测,勘探explore 和平地,平静地peacefully 记者,通讯员report 发光glow 大气,气氛atmosphere降落伞parachute 直升机helicopter 百万million 数百万millions of 挥手示意wave 革命revolution建立,创立found共和国republic 电灯泡light bulb 意见,看法,主张opinion在我看来in my opinion就自己而言personally 种族主义racism平等的equal 斗争,拼搏struggle 抗议protest 游行示威;行军march 卓越的brilliant灵巧的,熟练的skilful(口)糟糕的,极度的awful 差劲的,无用的useless不平常的unusual 冠军chemical 暴力,暴行violence 子弹bullet 比赛,竞争compete 强烈的,渴望的keen 职业,一生的事业career 令人惊异的amazing竞赛,事件event 幸运地fortunately 运动员athlete超级英雄superhero 然后,后来afterwards 超人supermen 灾难disaster 独立地 on one’s own 促进,提升promote 伤害,损伤injury 放弃give up 开始(认识,理解)come to do something使从(受伤)中活下来;渡过难关pull through 犯(错误)干(坏事)commit 自杀commit suicide 融洽相处,进展get on 关系relationship 反应react 离婚divorce 涉及,参与involve 参加,参与get involved with慈善,施舍charity 质量,品质quality 残疾的disabled 自信的confident太,极为far too 别胡扯come off it 奥运会的Olympic 羽毛球badminton 钦佩,羡慕admire 完全地,绝对地dead(right)当然,绝对地absolutely 奖章,勋章medal 你所说的似乎有道理。You’ve got a point there!跳水,潜水dive

Unit 3

Lesson Festival

Autumn

Every year in September or October, the Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated by the Chinese people all over the world.On this day, the moon is said to meet in the evening and watch the moon.The Mid-Autumn Festival is important because it is special occasion for family.It is also a day for special foods like moon cakes.There are all kinds of moon cake.Traditional moon cakes are usually made with bean paste, but nowadays, there are many different kinds of moon cakes including fruit, coffee, chocolate and even ice-cream moon cakes.Winter

The lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.It marks the end of the Chinese New Year celebrations.There are many stories about how the Lantern Festival stared.In one story, lanterns were lit to celebrate the power of light over darkness.In another story, a town was almost destroyed but the light from many lanterns saved it.The story was about a god who wanted to burn down the town.He was fooled when he saw thousands of lanterns.He thought the town was already burning.In the past, lanterns were usually lit by candles and decorated with picture of birds, animals and flowers, etc..Nowadays, most lanterns are made with light blubs and batteries, and they come in many shapes and sizes.In the north-eastern part of China, there are even ice-lanterns.The special food for the lantern festival is the sweet dumping.Sweet dumplings are boiled and served in hot water.Summer

The Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar year.As it is in early summer, it marks the beginning of the hottest season of the year.The tradition of the Dragon Boat Festival started more than 2,000 years ago.In the old days, dragon boat races were organised only by Chinese people from other cultures have also taken part in the races and enjoyed the fun.There is special food for the festival.It is called zongzi, which is sticky rice in fresh bamboo leaves.①节 秋天

在九月或十月的每一年,中秋节是全世界的中国人庆祝。在这一天,据说月亮在晚上见面,看月亮。

中秋节是重要的因为它是家庭特别的场合。这一天要吃月饼之类的特殊食品。有各种月饼。传统的月饼是用豆馅制成的,但如今,有许多不同种类的月饼,包括水果,咖啡,巧克力和冰淇淋月饼。冬天

元宵节是在农历的第一个月的第十五天。它标志着中国新年庆祝活动的结束。有很多故事关于元宵节的凝视。在一个故事中,灯笼被点燃,庆祝光明战胜黑暗的力量。在另一个故事,一个小镇几乎被摧毁了,但是从许多灯笼的光救了它。故事说的是有一个神仙想烧毁城镇。他愚弄了,当他看到成千上万的灯笼。他认为该镇已经燃烧。

在过去,灯笼通常点燃蜡烛和装饰画的鸟,动物和花卉,等。如今,大多数的灯笼轻Blubs和电池,和他们有不同的形状和尺寸。在中国的东北部,甚至有冰灯。元宵节的特殊的食物是甜的倾销。甜饺子煮熟,热水。夏天

端午节是在农历年的第五个月的第五天。它是在初夏,它标志着一年中最热的季节的开始。

端午节的传统开始于2000年前。在旧时代,龙舟比赛只被来自其他文化的中国人组织也参加龙舟赛,享受乐趣。

有这个节日的特殊食品。叫粽子,它是新鲜的竹子糯米叶。

Lesson 3

Weddings

Weddings in Indonesia

If a friend gets an invitation to a wedding, you can go with him/her, ever if you don‟t receive an invitation yourself.The times of the wedding ceremony and the reception are both on the invitation.However, you ought not to go to the ceremony because it is only for close family.If you really want to see it, you ought to ask first.Everyone can attend the reception afterwards.Nowadays, Indonesian woman don‟t have to caver their heads, but they usually wear traditional clother.There is a box at the entrance to the reception and you ought to put money into it!But don‟t worry, you don‟t have to contribute a lot of money.And remember – at most wedding receptions you can‟t drink alcohol.Greek weddings

On the day of a Greek wedding ceremony, the bridegroom has to ask the bride‟s father for his daughter‟s hand in marriage.The bridegroom‟s best man then goes with the couple to the church, to be married.During the church ceremony, the best man should help put crowns made of flowers on the heads of the bride and bridegroom.A long silk ribbon that links the crowns is a symbol of a long and happy life for the couple.After the ceremony, the guests can attend a wedding reception, which is usually a huge party and can last through the night.There is a lot of eating, drinking and dancing, including the famous Greek circle dance, where everyone joins in.During the reception, guests can throw dishes on the floor and put money on the bride‟s wedding dress for good luck.③婚礼

在印度尼西亚的婚礼

如果一个朋友收到婚礼请柬,你可以跟他一起去,即使你没有收到。

婚礼仪式的时间及婚宴的邀请。然而,你不应该去仪式,因为它仅仅是亲密的家庭。如果你真的想看到它,你应该先问一下。每个人都可以参加酒会之后。目前,印尼妇女不必探察洞穴的人他们的头,但他们通常穿着传统的衣服。有在招待会门口一个盒子,你应该把钱放进去!但别担心,你不一定要有很多钱。记住–在大多数婚礼接待你不喝酒。希腊婚礼

在希腊婚礼仪式上,新郎问新娘的父亲许配给他女儿的手。新郎的伴郎然后与夫妇到教堂,要结婚了。

在教堂婚礼上,伴郎要帮助把花冠戴在新郎和新娘的头。一个链接的冠长丝带是一对夫妇幸福长寿的象征。

仪式结束后,客人可以参加婚礼,通常是一个大型聚会,可以持续到晚上。有很多吃,喝和跳舞,其中包括著名的希腊圆圈舞,人人都会加入其中。宴会期间,客人可以把盘子摔碎在地板上,把钱花在新娘的婚纱的好运气。

Lesson 4

Christmas

Memories of Christmas

For me, Christmas always began in the middle of the cold, windy month of November.My sister, Alison, and I sat down in front of the fire and wrote a letter to Father Christmas telling him about all the presents we wanted.We seriously wrote “Father Christmas, the North pole on the envelope, before giving them to our mother to post.With December our excitement grew each day – as we opened the new year calendar, Christmas cards arrived in the post, Christmas lights appeared in the streets, and we attended the town carol service.And of course, there was snow everywhere.Enough snow to make snowmen, and to have exciting snowball fights in the school playground.On Christmas Eve, the whole family helped to decorate the house, put up the Christmas tree, the decorations and the balloons.Then, in the afternoon, when Auntie Kathleen and my two cousins arrived, everything was ready.Before we went to bed, we left some wine and biscuits for Father Christmas and then put our stockings at the end of our beds.We tries to stay awake as long as possible to see Father Christmas but the next thing we knew it was morning.Christmas morning!

At the bottom of the bed was the stocking, now full of kinds of small presents and sweets.Christmas morning was bright and I went out into the garden to play a lunch!Was bright and sunny and, after church, my with our new presents.Lunch was always late, but what a lunch!A big turkey with all the vegetables followed put so much food in my mouth sometimes that it was laughed at jokes, put on silly paper hats and laughed again.After lunch, the adults slept on the sofas in front of the Queen‟s speech on television whole we all played cards.Then we had tea, with a huge Christmas cake covered eating.By bedtime all of thr children were very tired.As soon as we turned off the light, we all fell into a deep, happy sleep.④圣诞节 圣诞回忆

对我来说,圣诞节总是开始在中间的冷,风的十一月。我的姐姐,艾丽森,和我坐在火炉前,写信给圣诞老人告诉他我们想要的礼物的一封信。我们认真地写了“圣诞老人,信封上的北极,然后交给妈妈寄。

十二月我们的兴奋与日俱增–为我们翻开了新的一年的日历,圣诞卡抵达后,圣诞灯出现在街头,我们参加了镇上的颂歌。当然,那里到处都是雪。足够堆雪人,并在学校的操场上有激动人心的打雪仗。

在平安夜,全家人帮助装饰房子,把圣诞树,圣诞装饰和气球。然后,在下午,当凯思琳阿姨和我的两个兄弟来了,一切都准备好了。我们睡觉之前,我们给圣诞老人留些酒和饼干,然后把袜子放在床底。我们试图尽可能长的保持清醒看到圣诞老人,但接下来我们知道它是早晨。圣诞节的早晨!

在床的底部是袜子,现在满的小礼物和糖果类。圣诞节的早晨阳光明媚,我到花园里去玩一个午餐!阳光明媚,礼拜后,我与我们的新礼物。午餐总是很晚,但午餐!与所有的蔬菜大火鸡然后把如此多的食物在我的嘴有时是讲着笑话,戴上傻傻的纸帽子,再笑。

午饭后,大人睡在女王演讲前的沙发上电视全我们打牌。然后我们喝茶,吃一个巨大的圣诞蛋糕覆盖。到睡觉的时候所有的孩子们都很累。当我们把灯关了,我们都陷入了深深的,幸福的睡眠。

Culture Corner

Happy Halloween!

Over 2000 years ago, people known as the Celts lived in Northern Europe.They worshipped the sun god and believed the god made their crops grow.On the night of 31 October, after their crops had been harvested and stored for winder, the Celts began a 3-day New Year holiday.During this time, they offered crops and dead animals to thank the god and danced in costumes made from animal heads and skin.Later, when the Romans invaded Europe.They adopted the Celts‟ New Year customs and used them in their own festivals.After 835 AD, the Catholic Church in Europe invented a holiday on 1 November, All Hallow‟s Day, to honour saints.Later, it invented another holiday on 2 November, All Souls‟ Day, to honour dead people.To celebrate All Souls‟ Day, people, made big bonfires and dressed up as angels, devils, saints and witches.They lit candles in lanterns made of hollowed-out turnip or pumpkin to frighten away ghosts.On this night, people also traveled from village to village to ask for food.It was believed that any village that did not give food would have bad luck.Gradually, over the years, the Celtic, Roman and Catholic customs and holidays got mixed together, and finally 31 October became known as Halloween.In the nineteenth century, Irish immigrants took Halloween customs from Europe to the USA.Today, in the USA and the UK in particular, Halloween has become a special occasion for young people.In these countries, children wear spooky costumes and go from door to door saying “Trick or treat!” and they are given sweets to take home.文化角 万圣节快乐!

2000多年前,人们称为凯尔特人居住在欧洲北部。他们崇拜太阳神,认为神造他们的作物生长。在10月31日夜,在庄稼已收割和储存的绕线机,凯尔特人开始了为期3天的新年假期。在这段时间内,他们提供的作物和动物尸体感谢上帝和从动物的头和皮服装跳舞。

后来,当罗马人入侵欧洲。他们采用了凯尔特人的新年习俗和使用他们自己的节日。在公元835年,欧洲的天主教了假日,在1十一月,万圣节,纪念圣徒。后来,它发明了另一个节日在十一月2,万灵节,纪念死去的人。为了庆祝万灵节,人,大篝火,装扮成天使,魔鬼,圣徒和巫婆。他们点燃蜡烛制成镂空的萝卜还是南瓜吓跑鬼灯笼。在这个晚上,人们也专程从村庄找食物。据认为,任何的村庄,不给食物会带来坏运气。

渐渐地,在过去的几年中,凯尔特人,罗马天主教的习俗和节日混合到一起,并最终成为被称为万圣节十月31。

在第十九世纪,爱尔兰移民把万圣节习俗从欧洲到美国。今天,在美国和英国,万圣节已经成为年轻人的一个特殊的场合。在这些国家,孩子们穿着怪异的服装和挨家挨户说“恶作剧还是款待!“给他们糖果带回家。

Bulletin Board

A travel agency is collecting information about the Chinese festivals for a group of foreign visiting students.Read the notice and the two responses.Then add information you know about on the board.Festival Collage

October 1 is the day when the People‟s Republic of China was founded.It is a national holidays.People have different activities to celebrate the day.There is always a huge public firework display on National Day.Sometimes there are parades and gatherings.Since it is one of the longest holidays in the year, for most people it‟s the time to get relaxed or go out of the city to travel.We‟re collecting information about the Chinese festivals for a group of visiting foreign students.Ideally, the information should include special customs, decorations or food used in celebrating Chinese festivals.If you would like to help us, contact Lisa Wang on 88889132.The Spring Festival is the most important holiday for the Chinese people.There are many traditional activities to celebrate the festival, such as to do a thorough cleaning to have a new look for the new year, to paste handwritten couplets on front doors to bring good luck, to conduct Yangge dance and lion dance to increase the festival atmosphere, to prepare a variety of foods to treat the family, friends and relatives.The festival lasts for 15 days.It‟s usually the biggest family gathering for most families, so everyone is supposed to go home to join the celebration.Train and airplane tickets are very difficult to get before the festival.公告板

旅行社是收集有关的一组外国访问学生信息的中国节日。看,这两种反应。然后添加信息,你知道在板。节拼贴

十月一日这一天时,中华人民共和国成立。它是一个国家的节日。不同的人有不同的活动来庆祝这一天。在国庆节总是有一个巨大的公共的焰火表演。有时也有游行和集会。因为它是一年中最长的假期,时间去放松或去出城旅行对大多数的人来说。

我们收集了一组来访的外国学生的中国节日的信息。理想的情况下,信息应包括特殊风俗,装饰或食品中使用的庆祝中国的节日。如果你想帮助我们,联系丽莎王88889132。

春节是中国人最重要的节日。有许多传统的活动来庆祝这一节日,如做一个彻底的清洗,有一个新的寻找新的一年,在门前贴上手写的对联带来好运气,开展秧歌、舞狮来增加节日的气氛,准备各种各样的食物,善待家人,朋友和亲戚。节日持续15天。它通常是大多数家庭的最大的家庭聚会,所以每个人都应该回家参加庆祝活动。火车、飞机票到节日前很难。

Literature Spot 1

A CHRISTMAS CAROL

It was Christmas Eve.Ebenezer Scrooge was in his office, the office of Scrooge and Marley.His clerk, poor Bob Cratchit, was working Suddenly, Scrooge‟s young nephew came into the office.“Hello uncle.Merry Christmas!” he said happily.“Do you want to come and have Christmas dinner with us tomorrow?” “Christmas?” Scrooge replied.“Bah!Humbug!” Scrooge hated Christmas and he refused his nephew‟s invitation for dinner on Christmas Day.His nephew went away.Later two men came to the office, asking for money for the poor.“Bah!Are there no prisons for these people?” Scrooge refused to give even a penny.Then, when it was time to close the office, Bob Cratchit asked for the day off, because it was Christmas.“All right,” Scrooge was sitting in front of his fire at home when, suddenly, he saw a ghost in front of him.“Who are you?” Scrooge asked nervously.“In life, I was Jacob Marley, your partner.I an wearing these chains and I can never be in peace, because when I lived, I only though about money.But I an here to help you.You have a change to escape my terrible destiny.Tonight he woke up.The figure of a strange old man appeared near his bed.“I am the Ghost of Christmas Past.Of your past,” it told Scrooge.The ghost took Scrooge to scenes of Christmas from the past.In one scene Scrooge saw himself as a boy at school.He was reading a book.All the other boys had gone home for Christmas.In another scene Scrooge saw himself as a young man.He was talking to his girlfriend, who he didn‟t marry because she didn‟t have any money.Scrooge began to feel sadder and sadder.“Stop!Show me no more!” he cried.Finally the ghost brought him home and Scrooge fell asleep again.Later that night, Scrooge woke up again.“I am the Ghost of Christmas present.Look at me!” said the second ghost, laughing.He was a large man with a beard, wearing a green robe.He took Scrooge to the house of Bob Cratchit and his family.It was cold in the house and Bob and his family were sitting around a very small Christmas pudding.“What a wonderful pudding.Merry Christmas everyone!” cried Bob.Scrooge felt sad, because he could see ho poor the Cratchits were.Bob‟s smallest child, Tiny Tim, was weak and ill.The ghost finally took Scrooge to a very poor area of London.There were two poor children?” he asked the ghost, who repeated what Scrooge had said before.“Are there no prisons?” The ghost laughed and disappeared.Then, the third ghost appeared.He was dressed in black and looked…

“Are you the Ghost of Christmas Future?” Scrooge asked nervously.The ghost did not answer.It took Scrooge and showed him scenes of the future.In one people were talking about Scrooge‟s death, but not one person was unhappy about it.The ghost also took him to the Cratchit family.The family was very sad.The little boy, Tiny Tim, him died.The next morning Scrooge opened his window and asked, “What day is it today?”

“Why sir, it‟s Christmas Day,” replied a young boy in the street.“Merry Christmas!Merry Christmas!” He wished everybody he saw Merry Christmas.He met the man who had asked for money for the poor and gave him a large sum of money.Scrooge then went and visited his nephew and had the best Christmas dinner in his life.The next day he went to his office early.He waited for Bob Cratchit.“You are late!” said Scrooge in an angry voice.“Yes, I‟m very sorry…” replied poor Bob.“In that case, I‟m afraid I‟m going to…increase your salary!Merry Christmas, Bob!”

From that day, Scrooge was the happiest man in the world.He gave money to the poor.He helped Bob Cratchit‟s family.And people always said of him: “he knew how to celebrate Christmas.”

文学现场1 圣诞颂歌

这是平安夜。斯克鲁奇是在他的办公室,办公室的史克鲁奇和马利。他的职员,可怜的鲍勃Cratchit,正突然,史高基的侄子走进办公室。“你好,叔叔。圣诞快乐!”他高兴地说。“你想来吃圣诞晚餐我们明天?“

“圣诞节吗?“吝啬鬼回答说。“呸!骗子!“斯克鲁奇讨厌圣诞节,他拒绝了他侄子的邀请,在圣诞节的晚餐。

他的侄子就走了。之后两人来到办公室,要求钱给穷人。“呸!有这些人没有监狱?“他甚至拒绝给一分钱。

然后,当到了关门的时间了,鲍勃Cratchit要求休假,因为今天是圣诞节。“好吧,”他坐在他面前的火在家的时候,突然,他看到在他前面有一个幽灵。你是谁?“他紧张地问。

“在生活中,我是雅各伯马利,你的伴侣。我穿着这些链和我不能平静,因为我活着的时候,我只想到钱。但我在这里帮助你。你有一个改变逃不过我的可怕的命运。今晚他醒来。一个奇怪的老人的身影出现在他的床上。

“我是以前的圣诞鬼魂。你的过去,”它告诉Scrooge。鬼魂带着斯克罗吉场景从圣诞节过去。在一个场景中,他看到自己在学校的男孩。他正在读一本书。其他的男孩都有圣诞节回家。在另一个场景史克鲁奇看到自己作为一个年轻人。他跟他的女朋友说话时,他没有结婚,因为她没钱。史克鲁奇开始感到悲伤和悲伤。“停止!我没有更多的!“他喊道。最后,鬼带他回家,他又睡着了。那天晚上,他再次醒来。

“我是圣诞老人的礼物。看着我。“第二个鬼说,笑。他是一个有胡子的大男人,穿着一件绿色的长袍。他把司克洛奇的房子Cratchit鲍伯和他的家人。在那所房子里很冷,鲍勃和他的家人围坐在一个很小的圣诞布丁。“多好的布丁。大家圣诞快乐!“鲍勃哭了。

史克鲁奇感到很伤心,因为他可以看看可怜的Cratchits。鲍勃最小的孩子,小提姆,是软弱和生病的。鬼终于带着他到一个非常贫穷的地区,伦敦。有两个可怜的孩子?“他问鬼,谁重复克鲁奇说之前。“有没有监狱?“鬼笑了,消失了。然后,第三鬼。他穿着黑衣服,看„ “你是未来的圣诞鬼魂?“他紧张地问。

鬼魂没有回答。它带着斯克罗吉和未来的场景展示了他。在一个人们都在谈论他的死亡,但没有一个人不高兴。鬼也把他带到柯家。家里很难过。小男孩,小提姆,他死了。

第二天早晨,他打开了窗户,问,“今天是什么日子?“ “为什么先生,今天是圣诞节,”一个小男孩在街上说。

“圣诞快乐!圣诞快乐!“他希望大家看到圣诞快乐。他遇到过谁的钱给穷人,给了他一大笔钱的人。斯克罗吉再去探望他的侄子和他生命中最美好的圣诞晚餐。第二天,他去他的办公室早。他等待着鲍勃Cratchit。“你迟到了!“他在一个愤怒的声音说。“是的,我很抱歉„„”可怜的鲍勃。

“这样的话,恐怕我要增加你的工资„!圣诞快乐,鲍勃!“

从那一天,在世界上他是最幸福的人。他给穷人钱。他帮bob的家庭。人们总是说他:“他知道如何庆祝圣诞节。”

本单元单词

高中语文文言文必修一知识点 第6篇

一、通假字

1.秦王必说见臣 说,通“悦”,yuè,高兴。

2.日以尽矣 以,通“已”,已经。

3.今日往而不反者 反,通“返”。

4. 燕王诚振怖大王之威

5.荆轲奉樊於期头函 奉,通“捧”,捧着。

6.图穷而匕首见 见,通“现”,出现。

7.秦王还柱而走 还,通“环”,绕。

8.卒起不意 卒惶急无以击轲 卒,通“猝”,仓促,突然。

二、古今异义

1.樊将军以穷困来归丹 古义:走投无路,陷于困境。今义:生活贫困,经济困难。

2.仰天太息流涕 古义:眼泪。今义:鼻涕。

3.丹不忍以己之私,而伤长者之意 古义:品德高尚之人,此指樊将军。今义:年长之人。

4.今有一言,可以解燕国之患 古义:可以用它来。今义:表可能、能够、许可。

5.持千金之币物 古义:礼物 今义:钱币。

6.秦王方还柱走 古义:跑 今义:步行。

7.诸郎中执兵 古义:宫廷侍卫 今义:指中医。

8.左右既前,斩荆轲 古义:周围侍从。今义:表方向或大约。

三、词类活用:

名词作状语

1.进兵北略地

2.此臣日夜切齿拊心也

3.函封之

4.发尽上指冠

名词作动词

1.樊於期乃前曰 又前而为歌曰 荆轲顾笑武阳,前为谢曰 左右既前,斩荆轲

2.皆白衣冠以送之

3.乃朝服,设九宾

使动用法

1.使使以闻大王

2.使毕使于前

3.自引而起,绝袖

意动用法

1.太子迟之

2.群臣怪之

四、特殊句式:

判断句

1.此臣日夜切齿拊心也

2.今日往而不反者,竖子也

3. 事所以不成者,乃欲以生劫之

省略句

1.秦王购之 ( 以 ) 金千斤

2.欲与 ( 之 ) 俱

3.见燕使者(于)咸阳宫

4. 而(群臣)卒惶急无以击轲

被动句

1.父母宗族,皆为戮没

2.燕国见陵之耻除矣

介宾短语后置

1、常痛于骨髓 ( 介宾短语后置 )

2、嘉为先言于秦王 ( 介宾短语后置 )

3、燕王拜送于庭 ( 介宾短语后置 )

4、使毕使于前 ( 介宾短语后置 )

定语后置

1.太子及宾客知其事者

2.群臣侍殿上者,不得持尺兵

五、一词多义

1、发

轲既取图奉之,发图 打开

顷之未发,太子迟之 出发

发尽上指冠 头发

2、顾

顾计不知所出耳 只是,不过

荆轲顾笑武阳 回头

3.为

父母宗族,皆为戮没 被

为之奈何 对付,处理

乃为装遣荆轲 准备

乃令秦武阳为副 做为

其人居远未来,而为留待 因为

荆轲和而歌,为变徵之声 发出

4.而

可以解燕国之患,而报将军之仇者 并且,表递进

其人居远未来,而为留待 因而,表因果

今日往而不反者,竖子也 却,表转折

于是荆轲遂就车而去 就,或不译,表承接

荆轲逐秦王,秦王还柱而走 相当于“地”或不译,表修饰

六、固定句式

1.臣乃得有以报太子 ( “有以”,意为:有用来的办法 )

2.然则将军之仇报 (既然这样,那么)

3. 荆轲有所待( 有的)

4.仆所以留者,待吾客与俱 事所以不成者,乃欲以生劫之

(复音虚词“所以”常引出表原因、手段等的分句,译为:的原因。)

5.而卒惶急无以击轲 ( “无以”,意为:没有用来的办法 )

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