mba英文信范文

mba英文信范文（精选8篇）

mba英文信 第1篇

november 2，20XX

letter of reference: kathleen floyd

dear prospective employer:

this is a letter of recommendation for kathleen floyd， i have only known kathleen since may，20XX but i believe she is one of the finest students i have ever had。 i highly recommend her to you。

kathleen took my introductory accountancy course in may。 she excelled，earning a high a i was impressed with her intelligent and insightful questions，by her understanding of fairly complex issues，her work ethic，interpersonal skills and team skills。 it is abundantly clear that kathleen is a top student。 at the university of shaaxi at xian，china she earned a business administration degree and was the top ranked student。 students like her and wanted to participate with her。 even though she is so bright and has a tremendous work ethic，she is also a great person，

she is easy to talk to，speaks excellent english and has great interpersonal skills。

i encourage you to closely examine kathleen’s resume。 you will see that she has had numerous jobs that deal with working with people。 this reinforces what i tell you about herexcellent interpersonal skills。 she is friendly and personable。

in closing，there are three super qualities that kathleen has。 they are not just good qualities，but some of the best you will find in any person。 they are her knowledge，work ethic and interpersonal skills，including language skills。 i highly recommend this greatlady to you。 i know you will make your organization better。

if you have any questions，please contact me at ______。edu。 i am on a sabbatical to ireland until january，so this is the best way to contact me。

sincerely

mba英文信 第2篇

Application for Admission

Dear sir or madam: I am writing to apply for an admission in the IMBA program in Wuhan university of the 2015 academic year.Pioneering, independent, and responsible, that’s my life value.As a woman who has all her life without ever hitting the rough waters, I decided to learn something rare in the working system in State Grid and challenge myself in a different area.My short-term goal after graduating from Wuhan University is to acquire a better development in my company.In the long run, I intend to pursue my own interests.Academically, obtained two bachelor’s degrees in Electric Engineering and English Literature at Wuhan University and Huazhong University of Science and Technology.I developed a broad perspective of problems at work and life.I will talk about the same merits that the inter-company and inter-personal relations share with international relations.In the Global Business Strategy discussions, I will share my knowledge of the diverse political environments and legal structures, widely disparate cultures and business norms, and varied negotiation strategies and tactics in different countries.I believe my unique perspectives will enhance my classmates’ knowledge and contribute to the diversity of ideas.Professionally, over the past few years, I volunteered to join every managing project in my department, managed my own reputation in the company, and met a group of friends with similar aspiration.The fundamentals I grasped through these efforts, coupled with practical project fieldwork, have better prepared me towards my career goals.I founded the first and only women’s climbing team in my company and won the first prize in the mountain-climbing competition in my company.I established the first narrator team in the company and whenever there are superiors come and inspect in both technical and management fields, it is our duty to give a brief and easy understanding introduction of what we have done.However, currently I need more to move on in this relentless journey.Important knowledge and skills, such as solid understanding in finance and management, in depth comprehension of organization operation, and seasoned insight on business strategy are essential to enter strategic consulting.In face of more complicated financial instruments and hidden risks, in order to address these opportunities, I need to be equipped with vertical industry expertise, global vision, and a well connected network.Wuhan University’s premier faculty and top courses, can arm me with necessary knowledge and practical know how to build more bricks to my pursuit.I can further deepen my industry perception, and establish connections that could ultimately become cornerstone to realize my firm-owner dream.I believe the experiences at Wuhan University will propel me on career track and eventually establish results and relationships within the MBA.I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.Yours sincerely, Tong Xiao

一封告别信（英文） 第3篇

Because I will be away for a few days after SpringBreak, I am writing this during the actual holiday, when Ican use time to catch up on a number of purely administra-tive items.

First of all, you should have received the letter I sent out on April 2nd advising of the transition arrange-ments to new leadership at ISM (International School of Moscow). In that letter I pointed out that Dr. Paul Malo-ne will be arriving in Moscow on Monday, May 4th, and that I will work with him during that week to ensure smooth transition. My last day at ISM will be Friday, May 8th.

Several people have asked me why I required Dr. Malone to come early. There are many problems facing ISM at the moment which have major implications(影响) for the future, and it makes sense for the new direc-tor to come aboard before the end of the school year. This will give him the chance to play a major role in the planning process for 2014—2015 and beyond. The fact that Paul Malone is able to arrive in early May is good for the school. I have been working closely with him, and will do everything possible to see that he can move in easily when I leave. From here I will go to Hong Kong for a couple of weeks to spend time in my new situation, and then I will return to the United States for a few weeks’vacation.

In the most recent edition of the Compass, I wrote briefly what I consider to be the major challenge for ISM in the future. I am sure that the new leadership of the school will be able to face those challenges in an active manner, which will ensure a strong future for the school. I shall certainly watch the progress of the school with interest. The results of the school for the past few years have been quite outstanding, and I fully ex-pect that level of performance to continue.

阅读短文后,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中,选出最佳选项。

1. We can infer from the text that the writer was the ________ of ISM.

A. director B. employee C. teacher D. student

2. Why should Dr. Malone come to ISM early?

A. To work closely with the author.

B. To do everything possible for the school.

C. To move in easily when the author leaves.

D. To work with the author for a few days and make a future plan.

3. From the text, we learn that ________ .

A. Paul Malone is a capable man

B. the writer is a best friend of Paul Malone’s

C. Paul Malone will work with the writer for several years

D. the writer will do his best to help Paul Malone to work well at ISM

参考答案与解析:

1. 选A。从第三段第二句中的“it makes sense for thenew director to come aboard”可知文中所涉及的职位是director。

2. 选D。从第三段第三句“This will give him the chanceto play a major role in the planning process for 2014—2015and beyond.”可知,Malone提前来校可以参与新学年规划。结合第二段第二句中的“I will work with him during that week toensure smooth transition”可得出答案。

高考英文应聘信要这样写 第4篇

假定你是李华，在校报英语专栏看到了学校“英语文化节”的一则招募启事。请阅读启事，并根据写作要点和写作要求写一封应征邮件。

Volunteers Wanted

Our annual English Festival， which will be held on June 15～17， 2015， is now looking for 20 student volunteers to provide service for Talent Show， Speech Contest， and English Debate. If you are interested， please send an application email at your earliest convenience to Ms Chen at chenlaoshi@aef.com.

写作要点：

1. 表达写信意图；

2. 陈述应征目的；

3. 说明应征条件（性格、能力等）。

写作要求：

1. 邮件词数不少于100；

2. 开头和结尾部分已写好，不计入总词数；

3. 可根据情况增加细节，使行文连贯；

4. 不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。

Dear Ms Chen，

I'm Li Hua， a student from Class 2， Grade 3. ________________________________________________________

Looking forward to your reply.

Yours truly，

Li Hua

1. 掌握应聘信的常规写作内容

一般来说，应聘信由介绍个人身份、表明写信意图、交代应聘目的、陈述应聘条件、表达感激之情、表明期待答复等几部分构成。在写作时，首先应介绍个人身份，表明自己的来历，比如真题开头部分的个人介绍交代了应征者的姓名、身份等。接着应表明写信意图，比如后附的参考范文第①句，说明自己要应聘学生志愿者（student volunteer）这个职位。接下来需要陈述应聘目的，说一下自己应聘这个职位的目的和动机，比如范文第②句说明自己是为了提高组织能力（organizational abilities）、沟通能力（communication skills）和增加当众说英语的自信（confidence in speaking English in public）。表明动机后再来说明应聘条件，介绍自己的优势和长处。为了增强说服力，在摆明自身优势时还可结合个人经历，比如范文第三段就举了自己做英语老师的助手帮助组织英语活动的例子。这三部分内容是应聘信最重要的部分，也是高考通常要求考生写作的内容。介绍完这些之后不要忘记表达一下自己的感激之情，比如范文第⑦句，这是应征者要具备的最基本的礼节。上述真题虽没有做出要求，但考生若能写出来，势必会为自己的作文加分。信的最后，可以表明自己期待对方的答复，比如真题的结尾句。如果需要还应提供自己的联系方式——这点高考一般不会要求，大家了解就行。具备上述内容，一封应聘信就算得上完整了。

2. 把握应聘信的写作基调

众所周知，写信应聘必然需要应征者表明自己的诚意，展示自己能做好工作的自信，并拥有感恩之心，因此应聘信应以表示真诚、展现自信和表达感激为基调。以参考范文为例，在表明自己对学生志愿者这个职位的渴望时，应征者用了really来强调自己的诚意，除此之外，还可以使用indeed、to tell you the truth等表示程度的词语。在介绍自己的优势时，范文用了such a good command of ...、successfully等词语来展示自己的自信心。当然，应征者最后也应不忘感激。表达感激之情除了可以使用范文中的I would be grateful if you ...，还可以使用I would be （very） thankful ...等。

3. 了解应聘信的语言规律

应聘信也有自己的语言规律，主要体现在句型表达上。参考范文就使用了多个应聘信特色语句，下面结合范文将一些常用句型总结如下。

介绍个人身份常用句型：①I'm ...， a/an ... ②I'm ... from ... ③I'm ... who is a/an ...

表明写信意图常用句型：①I'm writing to apply for the position of ... ②I want to apply for the position to ... ③I'd like to apply for the position of ...

交代应聘目的常用句型：①By offering my service， I will be able to ... ②If I get the position， I can ... ③Getting the position， I will realize my aim of ...

陈述应聘条件常用句型：①I'm a/an ... girl/boy. ②I'm ...， ... as well as ... ③I'm good at ... ④My ... is especially good. ⑤I have a good command of ... ⑥I have been elected as assistant to ... ⑦I have lent a helping hand to ... ⑧My talent has been appreciated by both ... and ... ⑨I'm sure that I can meet your expectations.

表达感激之情常用句型：①I would be grateful if you could ... ②I would appreciate it very much if you could ... ③I would be very thankful if I could get the position.

表明期待答复常用句型：①Looking forward to your reply. ②I'm waiting for your early reply.

4. 善于使用过渡性词语

不管何种文章都需要过渡性词语来衔接前后文，应聘信自然也是如此。信中使用过渡性词语较多的是在应聘目的和应聘条件的介绍上。当有多个目的需要说明时可以使用first、besides、what's more等过渡性词语，这些词语在介绍应聘条件时也可以使用，比如参考范文中就用了besides来展示自己不同方面的优势。除此之外，还可以用at the same time、in the meanwhile、in addition、also等过渡性词语。

Dear Ms Chen，

I'm Li Hua， a student from Class 2， Grade 3. ①I'm writing to apply for the position of student volunteer.

②I really want to obtain this precious opportunity because， by offering my service， I will be able to improve my organizational abilities and communication skills as well as my confidence in speaking English in public.

③As an outgoing girl， I get along well with my classmates. ④Besides， I have such a good command of English that I have been elected as assistant to my English teacher. ⑤I have successfully lent a helping hand to her in several English class activities， which has been appreciated by both teachers and my classmates.

⑥I am sure that I can meet your expectations. ⑦I would be grateful if you could consider me for the position.

Looking forward to your reply.

Yours truly，

Li Hua

要写出一篇应聘信不难，难的是如何写好。希望上述指导可以帮助各位同学写好高考英文应聘信。

作者简介：

mba面试信 第5篇

EMBA英文全称为EXECUTIVE MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION，直译为高级管理人员MBA。

它是由芝加哥大学管理学院首创。

读EMBA的学员一般由公司推荐，利用业余时间集中上课，课程内容广泛，理论与实践平衡。

其实质是一种具有学位的在职培训，它对升至公司中上级而又无MBA学位的管理人员很有意义。

EMBA英文全称为EXECUTIVE MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION，直译为高级管理人员MBA。

它是由芝加哥大学管理学院首创。

读EMBA的学员一般由公司推荐，利用业余时间集中上课，课程内容广泛，理论与实践平衡。

其实质是一种具有学位的在职培训，它对升至公司中上级而又无MBA学位的管理人员很有意义。

在国外，如要就读MBA需参加GMAT入学考试。

但就读EMBA只有71%的学校要求GMAT成绩，平均过线分数为530分，而海外学生只需要托福550分成绩即可。

但这并不是说，EMBA入学非常容易，学校更看中的是学员的工作经验、工作能力、专家的推荐信和面试结果。

就读EMBA的学生要求必须有工作经验，他们很多人能得到公司的资助。

在美国，读EMBA学员来自各类公司，如制造部门、金融部门、贸易部门、政府部门，加拿大读EMBA的学员来自政府部门的较多。

他们的平均入学年龄为38岁，96%的人取得大学学士学位，一般具有的管理经验，年收入为78000美元。

有60%的EMBA项目开设国际经营、贸易和金融方面的课程。

还有10%的项目，学校会组织学生就某一国际问题专门到国外进行为期一周的学术访问。

有些学院设立知名人士系列讲座，请成功的企业家、政府官员和社会名流给学员演讲并和学员交流。

在国外，继续深造被看做是一项投资，读EMBA的学员希望两年几万美金的投资，学成之后能够得到回报应该是不成问题。

具有EM?BA学习背景，又有很多年工作经验的人，很受用人单位的欢迎。

目前，各学校学费标准差别很大，平均每人每年学费为11000美金，著名的学校学费高达25000美元。

在全球经济一体化的大背景下，特别是我国加入世界贸易组织以来，中国企业面临着更加复杂的竞争和更为严峻的挑战，因而，企业的高层管理人员系统地学习管理知识、提高管理能力变得更加迫切。

国务院学位委员会日前首次批准国内30所高校开办高级管理人员工商管理硕士(EMBA)教育，此举对培养高层管理人员以及完善MBA教育体系均具有重要意义。

由于MBA入学考试需要考外语、数学，这就给那些管理经验丰富但离开应试环境多年的企业高层设置了门槛。

目前国内MBA正出现低龄化现象，考分高的往往是那些大学毕业3年左右、应试能力强的年轻人。

而EMBA入学笔试、面试均由培养单位自行组织，门槛大为降低。

当然，这并不等于说，只要是老板、老总就可以读EMBA。

国家规定，具有本科以上学历，8年以上工作经历(其中4年以上管理工作经历)，较大规模企业的现职高层管理人员才可报名。

在教学模式上二者也有很大不同，MBA多采用“讲授+案例分析+团队讨论”的方式，EMBA则更注重在启发的基础上，将课程与学员实际体验结合，因此更适合正在商场实战的高层管理者。

南京大学此次将招收的EMBA学员限定为100人，聘请的外籍教师将在50%左右，且基本是来自美国哈佛、南加州大学的教授，而在这些聘请的外籍教授中，80%是华裔，以期让学员和教师之间能做到更多的“互动”。

EMBA直译为“高层管理人员工商管理硕士”。

三月是EMBA招生的黄金期，所有的EMBA项目都在使出“浑身解数”各亮招牌，而使得报名者“乱花渐欲迷人眼”。

到底哪种EMBA适合自己呢?把这些EMBA项目分类细化，有助于读者擦亮眼睛慎重地选择。

价格等级区分的EMBA各取所需

EMBA的“身价”一直是最受关注的话题，而有些培训机构开始打价格牌来吸引不同层次的学生，其中一些“民办”EMBA纷纷打出低价，北京光华管理研修中心董事长邵明路谈及原因时说，中高级职业经理市场是10万元以下的定位，这些人有很大的提升空间对自身的充电需求又非常强烈。

而像北大、清华、复旦等“老字号”仍然保持较高的价位，复旦的EMBA甚至还提高了价格。

他们针对的是大型企业的高级经理人这个相对稳定的群体，因此价格也能保持稳定。

以专业划分的特色EMBA走俏 一些EMBA培训机构根据市场走俏的热门行业推出“特色”的EMBA课程，由于课程都是倾向热门行业设立的，所以给人一种“赶时髦的感觉”。

记者在和中欧国际工商学院EMBA负责人周华军的采访中了解到，EMBA是作为高级决策者的综合能力的培训课程，按照国际趋势是不应该有明显倾向性的。

但是，国内部分热门行业发展迅速，而这些行业又都与国际联系是比较紧密的，客观上他们对EMBA有需求，因此为他们“定做”有方向性的EMBA是合适的。

国际合作办学EMBA打“品牌” 与国外院校合作办EMBA是如今这个市场的“流行趋势”。

但是国内的院校是如何选择合作伙伴的呢?是否有相应的标准和条件呢?北大国际MBA的项目负责人王旺桂告诉记者，之所以要选择合作高校有一个关键因素,就是要确保学员拿到权威的EMBA学历证书。

因为世界知名的商学院如哈佛等不会拿自己著名的EMBA项目来和别的院校合作的，换言之就是即使国内有打着哈佛等牌子的EMBA班，毕业时也只能拿到课程结业证，而非学历证书。

如果学员花掉几十万元学费，而最后拿不到货真价实的证书那就非常得不偿失了。

所以如何保证EM-BA证书的含金量是中外EMBA合作项目最重要的选择条件和合作基础 MBA是(Master Of Business Administration)的英文缩写，中文称工商管理硕士。

MBA是市场经济的产物，培养的是高质量、处于领导地位的职业工商管理人才，使他们掌握生产、财务、金融、营销、经济法规、国际商务等多学科知识和管理技能，有战略规划的眼光和敏锐洞察力。

MBA学位是一种注重复合型、综合型人才培养的学位，是能力培养重于知识传授的学位。

它教授的是面对实战的“管理”，而不是注重研究的“管理学”。

它要求其毕业生有应变能力、预测能力、综合能力、组织能力，并能在风云变幻的世界市场和国际化竞争中不断发展，不断取胜。

其课程内容涉及管理类、经济学类、金融、财务、法律等等，能力训练不光讲究组织、领导才能，也涉及以口才为依托的沟通能力、把握全局、进行敏锐思考、判断和处理问题的能力等等。

MBA是第一个被广泛接受的国际学位。

MBA是一个研究生学位，对MBA有最必要的素质、知识和学术标准要求。

进入MBA学习一般必须有第一学位要求，只有个别具有丰富职业经历的人可以例外。

MBA是一个具有工作经验以后的学位，它被看成已有3年职业经验之后的一个事业加速器或转换手段。

MBA课程涵盖了现代管理的所有主要职能方面，如会计、财务、金融、营销与销售、运筹(生产作业)管理、信息系统管理、法律、人力资源管理等等。

它也提供基本的经济与数量分析，课程是高度综合性的，并且包括工商政策与策略。

除此之外，课程还要求学生获得理论联系实际的知识和技巧，如决策能力、团队合作、领导艺术、企业家潜力、谈判技巧、沟通与报告技术。

在学习的过程中，学员应有选修偏好，并选择一个主修方向。

MBA的最低学习期限为全日制一年或在职学习的相应时间份量。

MBA最少要求400小时的课堂学习，整个课程要求最少1200小时的个人课外作业。

MBA项目要求对知识的渴求和个人倾注全力的投入和努力。

进入MBA课程就读必须通过一个强有力的筛选过程，以保证只有那些合格的人选才能获取MBA学位。

所有学员必须经过严格的考试和评卷评分工作，以保证学习目标能满足MBA学位的标准。

不是所有商学院都能满足这些标准，如果这些标准不能满足，就不能说是真正的MBA。

MBA与企业管理硕士区别

首先，报考的条件不一样。

企业管理硕士只要符合国家统一的报考规定即可，也就是说，应届生与在职人员均可报考。

报考MBA必须是大学本科毕业后有3年或3年以上工作经验的人员;大专毕业后有5年或5年以上工作经验的人员;已获硕士学位或博士学位并有2年或2年以上工作经验的人员(指毕业日到入学日)。

其次，考试科目不一样。

MBA入学考试要参加全国试点62所院校的联考，联考科目是政治、数学、英语、管理、语文与逻辑。

第三，试题难度不同。

一般来说，报考企业管理硕士参加的全国统一入学考试英语、数学的难度要高于MBA，但由于近年来国内MBA报考人数直线上升，竞争也相应越来越激烈。

第四，培养方式不同。

企业管理硕士生一般为国家培养，每个月有200元以上的补助，也有委托培养和自筹经费培养的学生，MBA一律为自筹经费或者单位委培。

第五，培养目标不同。

MBA的培养目标是优秀的企业家和实践工作人员，如清华大学经济管理学院MBA毕业生应当能够胜任工商企业和经济管理部门中、高级职务的工作，是能够适应未来社会激烈竞争的复合型人才。

北大光华管理学院MBA项目面向跨国公司、大型国有企业、大型民营企业和大型金融机构。

光华管理学院致力于帮助跨国公司管理队伍本地化，民族企业管理国际化，民营企业管理现代化。

所以MBA课程注重实用性。

企业管理硕士既要培养企业的实际管理人员，同时注重对学员管理科学理论的教育，为学科的发展培养接班人。

MBA信 第6篇

我很荣幸推荐我的下属张xx参加贵校MBA班的学习。

张xx在20xx年3月因其优异的成绩被招聘到贵州益佰制药股份有限公司后，工作非常努力。在三个月的试用期中，工作上一丝不苟、表现出了一个在大学里学习优秀的大学生的内在素质。在平常与同事们的交往中，为人谦虚好学，是一个难得的善于沟通的好员工。在调到我的办公室任我的助理期间，我了解到她是一个好学和勤奋的人，她总是积极完成我布置给她的各种任务并学习掌握知识。其实某些任务对一般的员工是有难度的，比如她的专业是经济学，而我们是制药业，可她总能出色地解决它们，这些正是缘于她的学习能力、工作态度、沟通能力和团队合作能力。在工作中，她也打动了我。在20xx年底至20xx年7月我对全国市场的调查中，她积极地、富有创意地协助我完成了这个调查。因此我给了她比其他许多员工更好的评价。

在被调到董事会秘书处任副处长期间，她和我的其他中高层干部以及本处员工的沟通都很顺畅且相处非常融洽，这使得她的.工作开展相当出色，同时也成为了我公司最年轻的一名中层干部。于是我就鼓励她积极报考贵院攻读MBA进行再度深造，将来用作公司管理之用，会比现在更好些。

根据我的判断，在贵校MBA的学习中，张xx完全能够按照您们的设计和构想完成学业，表现杰出优秀，肯定能取得长足的进步。

mba 信格式 第7篇

有的学校只接受网上的推荐信，有的学校同时也接受普通的邮递推荐信， 具体请见各学校的规定。

推荐人的选择写推荐信的第一步就是要选择推荐人，有工作经验的人认识的人，结交的朋友多的很，到底由谁来写推荐信最好呢?是不是一定要找职位最高的人来写呢?这里就介绍几个选择推荐人要注意的问题：

第一：写推荐信的人的职位并不是越高越好。

首要条件是选择一个最了解你的人，最了解你的成长过程的人，只有这样的人才能够针对你的优点缺点进行深入的分析，继而提供有深度的推荐，而不是泛泛而谈。

如果你找了一个身处高位，但是和你不熟悉的人来写一封用在谁身上都合适的推荐信，可能达不到应有的效果。

第二：推荐人最好熟悉你的职业成长经历。

有的学校要求2-3 封的推荐信，有的只要求一封，这个时候选择推荐人就更有讲究了。

对于只要求一封推荐信的学校，最好是选择你现在任职或过去任职的单位的直接上司来写推荐信，因为MBA 的申请和职业经历有很大的关系，学校比较看重的是你的职业经验和成长过程，任职单位的老板写出来的比较有说服力，如果你选择了一个以前在校学习时的教授来写，估计达不到同样的效果。

如果学校要求2-3封推荐信，你可以在工作单位的老板，同事，以前学校里的教授来写，以达到平衡的效果，每个人能从不同的侧面来描述你的特点，综合在一起能构成一个完整的你。

第三：避免亲属或者家庭成员推荐。

有的人说，要是我在家族的公司里工作怎么办?虽然你的亲属可能很了解你，但是写推荐信的时候尽量不要表明你们的血缘关系。

mba英文信 第8篇

But this disappointment is not merely Emily’s.It is also the prevailing ache in Ellen’s heart.The whole story of Wuthering Heights, though noted down by Mr.Lockwood, a tenant in Thrushcross Grange, is actually from Ellen Dean, the housekeeper there.She witnessed and even experienced or played a part, a part which cannot afford to be ignored, in the whole story.She grew up with the Earnshaw children一Hindley and Catherine and the adopted son Heathcliff.She was present in listening to Catherine complaining that it would degrade her to marry Heathcliff, upon which Heathcliff finally decided to leave Wuthering Heights.After Catherine married Edgar Linton, she also left for Thrushcross Grange, and witnessed Catherine’s life there, Heathcliff’s returning and their reunion.She even stayed through the withering and dying process of Catherine.She had sound and solid connection with both the descendants of the two families一she nursed Hareton Earnshaw back in Wuthering Heights and later Catherine Linton in Thrushcross Grange.She also saw Edgar Linton wither and die after Catherine.And as a long-time or permanent resident in this area she had acquaintances in Gimmerton to get informed from various channels.

However, is her narration trustworthy?Is she as loyal and credible and dutiful as she stated herself to be?I doubt.The letter Isabella sent to her intrigued me to doubt her loyalty and trustfulness.Ellen truly possessed a letter from Isabella as she was able to show it to Mr.Lockwood.But why did she take the letter with her after so long a time (she received the letter in 1784 and the time she showed it to Mr.Lockwood was 1801一there was a time gap of at least seventeen years) ?How could she find a letter seventeen years ago ready with her?Or, why did she keep it at hand?Possibly she brought it with her so that she could show Mr.Lockwood since this letter was closely related to the story telling.However, a more possible reason is that she was eager and earnest to justify herself to anyone at hand.She wanted to console and subdue and erase her tumors, unease, regret, or guilt whatever you might call, in her mind and conscience.

Soon after-she rain away with Heathcliff and got married, Isabel Ia sent a letter to Ellen;asking, “How did you contrive to preserve the common sympathies of human nature when you resided here[Wuthering Heights]?”’0 If she did not find the wrong person to ask, poor Isabella asked the wrong question.She should ask“How did you manage to survive here and not get hurt?”

Ellen is sly, ambitious, selfish and envious.She envied Catherine because she was also favored by old Mr.Earnshaw yet could never be an equal counterpart of Catherine, a girl“too mischievous and wayward for a favourite”’1.She envied Heathcliff because though both favoured by old Mr.Earnshaw, she took her due position before long while Heathcliff, though with no root and family, sustained and enjoyed the affection and care and warmth of old Mr.Earnshaw till his death.Thus, she joined Hindley in maltreating Heathcliff.However, she could not dare to act openly一after all, she is a maid, a servant, while Heathcliff, though adopted, was a master, equal to Catherine and Hindley theoretically.Besides, Heathcliff’s behaviour also softened her mind.“I sympathised a while;but when the children fell ill of the measles, and I had to tend them, and take on me the cares of a woman at once, I changed my ideas.Heathcliff was dangerously sick:and while he lay at the worst he would have me constantly by his pillow:I suppose he felt I did a good deal for him, and be hadn’t the wit to guess that I was compelled to do it.However, I will say this, he was the quietest child that ever nurse watched over.The difference between him and the others forced me to be less partial.Cathy and her brother harassed me terribly:he was as uncomplaining as a lamb;though hardness, not gentleness, made him give little trouble.

Besides, though it might seem to go a little too far, it is entertaining to think over the relationship between Ellen and Hindley.To some extent, I do believe possibly she wanted to get married to Hindley to uplift her social status since she is practical and realistic.One evidence is her comment on Mrs.Frances Earnshaw.“What she was, and where she was born, he never informed us:probably she had neither money nor name to recommend her.”I thought she was half silly, from her behaviour while that (the funeral of old Mr.Eamshawwent on:she ran intoherchamber, and mademe come with her, though-I should have been dressing the children;and there she sat shivering and clasping her hands, and asking repeated...”Though after Hindley returned with his wife, Ellen returned to her due position, she did not respect her.After the young Mrs.Earnshaw died young and Hindley began to indulge himself, Ellen felt disappointed with him and tried to find other ways out.So when Catherine and Edgar got married, she left Wuthering Heights for Thrushcross Grange for higher wages.She appeared to be inseparable from Hareton, but she did not come to see him until she decided to warn Hindley“how people talked regarding his ways”ten months later.

Ellen’s position in Thrushcross Grange is also important.She is more than a servant;instead she was offered high wages to accompany Catherine Linton at the request of both master and mistress of the Grange.Let us have a look at her relationship with every member of the Grange.

Isabella:why did Isabella write to Ellen after her brother Edgar refused to reply her letter?There are mainly three reasons:firstly, Ellen knew all of them;secondly, Ellen was trusted by Isabella;thirdly, Ellen possessed a considerable position in the house, and both Edgar and Catherine trusted her.

Edgar:Ellen tried to be a good, nice and considerate maid to Edgar (and Isabella) rather than Catherine if only she had the right to choose.Ellen reported to Edgar about the doings of Heathcliff.Before Catherine locked herself up in her chamber, Catherine asked Ellen to tell Edgar how sick she felt, yet Ellen decided to defend for her master and did not do so.Later, she also exposed little Cathy’s secrets to Edgar.She tried her best to be a loyal servant in her master’s eye as long as she herself was safe.

Catherine:mate but rival一as I have mentioned above, Catherine had whatever Ellen longed for:physical beauty, creature comforts, plentiful indulgence, happy marriage and a handsome and wealthy husband despite her own wayward tempers, free spirits...Sh-do-e-snot want to hurt Catherine deliberately or consciously.However, she did play art in Catherine’s final derangement or delirium.She might not hurt her willingly.But subconsciously or beyond the conscious level of mind, she might secretly expect to see what will come out between the three一Catherine, Edgar and Heathcliff.This might be the real reason behind her helping Heathcliff and hiding things from Edgar.

But why Ellen narrated the whole story in that way?She might expose herself.Yet Ellen chose to tell the whole story or the main part of the story, and it is a wise choice.The facts and experiences of Catherine, Edgar and others might be true.But she brought in her own feelings and judgement.And in this seemingly faithful narration, she surely tried to moderate her true behaviour and justify herself.To make this point clear, I would like to analyze her words and deeds before and after Catherine fell seriously ill.Ellen is heartless, though she claimed herself to be quite the contrary.“The two (Catherine and Heathclif, to a cool spectator, made a strange and fearful picture., “Are you going to listen to her ravings?...We are all done formaster, mistress and servant.”She put herself in the same boat with Catherine and Edgar.However, she considered and cared for only herself.“I preferred her to be dead, not rather than linger in bed, but rather than make the whole thing provoked and messed up.”And when Edgar was in his anxiety for Catherine and forgot her hated friend Heathcliff, Ellen did not.She“went, at the earliest opportunity, and besought him to depart.”’

Besides, though very careful with her words, she revealed some hints of self defence:“...she’s in the kitchen, sir, ’I answered.`She’d sadly put out by Mr.Heathcliff’s behaviour:and, indeed, I do think it’s time to arrange his visits on another footing.There’s harm in being too soft, and now it’s come to this一’And I related the scene in court, and, as near as I dared, the whole subsequent dispute.I fancied it could not be very prejudicial to Mrs.Linton;unless she made it so afterwards, by assuming the defensive for her guest[Heathcliff].Edgar Linton had difficulty in hearing me to the close.

His first words revealed that he did not clear his wife of blame.”This passage is very interesting.It is~obvious in the manner-of-self defence assignified by the term“f fancied”.If you pay attention to the words in bold face, you will read the implied or projected personality of Ellen Dean.Firstly, she thought she had the duty and ability to propose to her master in an earnest manner.Secondly, she mildly criticised her master Edgar for“being too soft”.Then, to protect Catherine from blame, she did not expose the whole dispute but mentioned only a part of it.Yet, the beneath reason is that she could not afford to let Catherine know she betrayed her as Ellen confessed later:“She did not know my share in contributing to the disturbance, and I was anxious to keep her in ignorance.””She also said Catherine would be free from blame if she did not defend for Heathcliff.Her presumption on Catherine’s behaviour is ridiculous.Ellen had known Catherine and Heathcliff when they were all very young.She known the inseparable bondage between them, and it would be very natural and likely for Catherine to defend for Heathcliff.She should not make such a presumption, which herself would not believe in.Finally, the last sentence of this quotation also has its significance.She did not say she thought Catherine should be blamed;rather, the master said so.Another exposure of Ellen Dean’s personality is her behaviour on the evening of Isabella’s elopement.There are three relevant paragraphs, but for their significance would like to quote them below:On ascending to Isabella’s room, my suspicions were confirmed:it was empty.Had I been a few hours sooner, Mrs.Linton’s illness might have arrested her rash step.But what could be done now?There was a bare possibility of overtaking them if pursued instantly.I could not pursue them, however;and I dare not rouse the family, and fill the place with confusion;still less unfold the business to my master, absorbed as he was in his present calamity, and having no heart to spare for a second grief!I saw nothing for it but to hold my tongue, and suffer matters to take their course;and Kenneth being arrived, I went with a badly composed countenance to announce him.

Every one was active, but Miss Isabella;and they began to remark how sound she slept:her brother, too, asked if she had risen, and seemed impatient for her presence, and hurt that she showed so little anxiety for her sister-in-law.I trembled lest he should send me to call her;but I was spared the pain of being the first proclaimant of her flight.One of the maids, a thoughtless girl, who had been on an early errand to Gimmerton, came panting upstairs, open mouthed, and dashed into the chamber, crying:I ran and peeped, for form’s sake, into Isabella’s room;confirming, when I returned, the servant’s statement.Mr.Linton hadresumed seat by the.my reentrance, heraised his eyes, read the meaning of my blank aspect, and dropped them without giving an order, or uttering a word.

Actually, Ellen Dean was the first person who discovered Isabella’s flight, yet she decided to keep silent on this.She confessed that if she had acted earlier, this might have been prevented;and if somebody was sent to pursue them immediately, there was a possibility, though small, to overtake them.However, she lingered over the notion that she could not pursue them herself.She should know that this event would ruin the reputation and later life of Isabella for ever.She knew that Heathcliff did not possess a kind heart and had no mercy on the Linton’s.Still, she did neither report to Edgar Linton nor send any servants to go after them.Notice the print in bold face, and Emily herself set the“I”in italics to emphasize.In addition to her making no effort to save Isabella, she also hoped to be“spared of the pain of being the first proclaimant of her flight”.Catherine once said Ellen Dean liked Isabella over herself.Yet at this moment, we see the coldness and apathy of Ellen Dean.In all her deeds, her own benefit was her first concern, but she projected herself as a considerate person.She regarded the maid who cried out the flight of Isabella as thoughtless.And it is easy to read the implied meaning of her use of“thoughtless’, she herself was thoughtful enough to keep silent on this.Moreover, she had the skill to act naturally when Edgar sent her to check whether Isabella was in her chamber.She did it for form’s sake and saved herself from the blame of concealing the fact from the master.Ellen Dean certainly takes herself in esteem seriously.She is proud of herself as being living among the hills and seeing one set of faces, and one series of actions...but l have undergone sharp discipline, which has taught me wisdom;and then, I have read more than you would fancy, Mr.Lockwood.You could not open a book in this library that I have not looked into, and got something out of also:unless it be that range of Greek and Latin, and that of French;and those I know one from another:it is as much as you can expect of a poor man’s daughter of a poor man.

She understood perfect well her low social status, yet she chose to ignore from time to time.In Chapter XXXI, when Mr.Lockwood went to the HeightsI talk with Heathcliff, Ellen Dean asked him to bear a note from her to young Cathy, and“the worthy woman was not conscious of anything odd in her request”.She did not think it was inappropriate for her to ask her master to do her a favour, which would cause embarrassment or misunderstanding.In Chapter XXXII, Mr.Lockwood dropped at Wuthering Heights to settle the rents between him and Mr.Heathcliff.The latter had passed away, and he should settle the business with mistress Cathy Linton.Yet Ellen took the business over.“Oh!Then it is with Mrs.Heathcliff you must settle, or rather with me.She has not learnt to manager her affairs yet, and I act for her:there’s nobody else.”At hearing this, Mr.Lockwood“looked surprised”, not only because he could not figure out why Mr.Heathcliff could not settle the business with him, but also because Ellen automatically took the charge over instead of the master or mistress.Ellen’s comments on Hareton and Cathy were even bolder.“I have to scold them every evening for their late rambles:but they don’t care for me.”

So from all evidences above, I can safely draw the conclusion that Ellen’s narration is not totally trustworthy.She herself played a part in the development of each character.She exposed the meeting of Catherine and Heathcliff to Edgar.And when Catherine shut herself in for a couple of days, she did not report this to the master.She estranged Catherine and Edgar and caused the death of the previous and the latter confining himself among books.Possibly Catherine and Isabella finally found this out.However, Catherine died soon after the discovery and Isabella ran away.Ellen seldom lied, but her deliberate silence and seemingly harmless inquires are more effective than lies.She might have felt that she did wrong and did not feel comfortable, so she confessed all the past things to the newcomer Mr.Lockwood, waiting no further invitation, and kept Isabella’s letter to justify herself.

摘要：《呼啸山庄》中艾伦的叙述貌似真实可靠, 但仔细考量却发现其叙述充满了扭曲与不可信。

关键词：叙述者,艾伦,不可信

参考文献

[1]胡亚敏.叙事学[M].武汉:华中师范大学出版社, 2004.

[2]申丹, 王丽亚.西方叙事学:经典语后经典[M].北京:北京大学出版社, 2010.

[3]Bronte, Emily.Wuthering Heights[M].Hertfordshire:Wordsworth Editions Ltd., 1992.

[4]申丹.何为“不可靠叙述”?[J].外国文学评论, 2006 (4) .