考点链接介词、短语动词

考点链接介词、短语动词（精选4篇）

考点链接介词、短语动词 第1篇

六年级英语毕业总复习

（二）clean the floor 扫地

clean the house 打扫房间 collect stamps 集邮 come back 回来

come from 来自…… come here 来这里 come in 进来

come on 过来/加油 come to tea 来喝茶 cook the meal 煮饭 crash into 撞向 dig a hole 挖坑

do housework 做家务 do morning exercises 晨练 do one’s homework 做作业 do some reading 读点书 do sports 做运动 draw a picture 画画

drink some water 喝些水 drive a car 驾车 fall over 跌倒

fill the hole with earth 用泥土填坑get off 下车

get out of 走出（……之外）go and have a look 去看一看 go back 回去

go boating 去划船 go fishing 去钓鱼 go for a walk 去散步

go home 回家 go on a diet 节食 go out 出去

go shopping 去购物 go sightseeing 去观光 go skating 去溜冰 go skiing 去滑雪 go straight on 直走 go swimming 去游泳

动词短语

go to bed 去睡觉 go to school 去上学

go to the cinema 去看电影 go to work 去上班 have a bath 洗澡

have a Chinese lesson 上语文课 have a cold 感冒 have a fever 发烧

have a good time 玩得开心 have a headache 头痛

have a look 看一看

have a picnic 举行野餐活动工 have a rest 休息

have a stomachache 胃痛 have a tooth-ache 牙痛 have a trip 去旅游 have a try 试一试 have been to 到过 have breakfast 吃早餐 have fun 玩得开心 have lunch 吃午饭

have some coke 喝些可乐 have supper/dinner 吃晚饭 have time 有时间 just a minute 等一下 just now 刚才

keep a diary 记日记

let me see 让我想一想/让我看一看 listen to music 听音乐 listen to the CDs 听CD 碟 listen to the radio 听收音机 make friends 交朋友 make the bed 整理床铺

mark the pupils’ homework批改作业next to 下一个 no problem 没问题 paint a picture 涂画 pick up 捡起

plant trees 种树

play badminton 打羽毛球 play basketball 打篮球 play cards 打牌

play football 踢足球

play games 玩游戏

play table tennis 打乒乓球

play tennis 打网球 play the guitar 弹吉他 play the piano 弹钢琴 put away 放好 put on 穿上

put the tree into the hole 把树放进洞里 ride a bike 骑自行车 see a film 看电影 surf the Net 上网 take a message 传递信息 take exercise 进行锻炼 take medicine 服药 take off 脱下 take photos 照相 turn off 关闭 turn on 打开

wait a moment 稍等一下 wait for 等候

wash clothes 洗衣服 wash dishes 洗碟子

watch a football match 看足球赛

watch TV 看电视 water the flower 浇花 water the tree 浇树 write a letter 写信

介词短语

a glass of 一杯…… a lot of 许多……

a map of 一幅……的地图 a pair of 一双……

a picture of 一幅……的画 a plate of 一碟…… agree with 同意……

all of them 他们大家 all of us 我们大家

at first 首先 at home 在家 at last 最后

at night 在晚上

at school 在学校

at the top of 在……顶部 at the weeken 在周末 be good at 擅长于…… be made of 由……制造 by the road 在路边 by the way 顺便问问 close to 靠近……

different from 不同于 fall down 跌倒

far away from 远离 from then on 从那时起

from…to… 从……到……

full of 充满

get off 下车 get on 上车

get out of 走出……之外

get to 到达 go on 继续

hand in 上交

help…with… 帮助某人做某事

in English 用英语 in front of 在……前面 in the afternoon 在下午

in the east / south / west /north在东/南/西/北方

in the evening 在晚上 in the middle 在中间 in the morning 在早上 in the sky 在空中 in time 及时

in trouble 遇到麻烦

It’s time to 是该……的时候了。late for 迟到 look for 寻找 not at all 根本不 on foot 步行

on holiday 度假

on Monday 在星期一

on September 1st 在九月一日 on time 准时

play with 与……玩 put on 穿上 sit down 坐下 stand up 起立

start for 出发前往

talk to 和……交谈

on the farm 在农场 on the left 在左边 on the right 在右边

what 什么

where 哪里

who 谁

whose 谁的when 什么时候 how 怎样

which 哪一个

what time 什么时候

I’m = I am It’s = it is he’s = he is she’s = she is you’re = you are they’re = they are that’s = that is isn’t = is not

Thank you for… 感谢你的…… wait for 等待

wake up 醒来

特殊疑问词

what colour 什么颜色 how often 多经常

what language 什么语言

how long 多长时间what subject 什么科目 how old 多大 what class 什么班 how tall 多高 what day 星期几 how heavy 多重 what date 日期 why 为什么

how many 多少 how much 多少钱

缩写词

aren’t = are not won’t = will not don’t = do not we’ll = we will doesn’t = does not who’s = who is wasn’t = was not what’s = what is weren’t = were not let’s = let us hasn’t = has not here’s = here is haven’t = have not No.= number can’t = cannot

常见介词

（一）方位介词 in 在……里面

at 在……（小地方）on 在……上面 under 在……下面 in front of 在……前面 behind 在……后面 beside / by 在……旁边 near 在……附近over 在……上方 outside 在……外面

between…and… 在……与……之间 next to 紧挨着

in the middle 在中间

（二）其他介词 at… 在……点钟 for 给，为了，作为 to 到…… from 来自

from…to… 从……到…… of ……的

by 乘（坐）……交通工具

with 用……，和……一起，带…… into 进去 out 外面 up 向上 down 向下

before 在……之前 after 在……之后

时间词和短语

year年

month 月

week周date日期

day 日

hour 小时

morning 早上

afternoon 下午

evening 晚上

the day before yesterday 前天

yesterday 昨天

today 今天

tomorrow 明天

the day after tomorrow 后天

last year去年

last month 上个月 last week 上个星期 next year 明年 next month 下个月 next week 下周

时间介词at，on，in的用法

1．at 用在具体的时刻和中午前面。

如：at 6:00, at seven thirty, at noon 2．on用在具体星期、日期前面。

如：on Monday, on September 1st

3．in 用在年、月、季节或早上、下午、晚上的前面。

如：in 2008, in February, in spring, in the morning

时间的排列顺序：由小到大

如：at two in the afternoon 在下午2点

on September 1st ,2006 2006年9月1日

Class: Name:()1.Good morning！A.Morning!B.Hello!C.Hi!()2.Nice to see you again!.A.How are you ? B.Nice to see you , too.C.How do you do ?()3.Good night,mom!A.Night!B.Good night!C.Good evening.()4.How do you do ? A.How are you ? B.Fine,thanks.C.How do you do ?()5.How many story books do you have ? A.I have 10.B.I can see 10.C.Thirty yuan.()6.Do you have new teachers? A.Yes,we do.B.Yes,we don’t.C.Yes,we have.()7.Who’s your art teacher ? A.Mr Zhu.B.Miss Zhu.C.He’s tall.()8.What’s he like? A.He’s tall and strong.B.Yes,he is.C.Mr Zhu.()9.Is your English teacher young? A.No,she isn’t.B.Yes,she is.C.No,she is.()10.? Her name is Chen Jie.A.What’s your name ? B.What’s she name ? C.What’s her name ?()11.? I like Chinese,math and English.A.What classes do you like? B.What do you like? C.What are you like ?()12.? We have English and P.E.A.What do you have on Mondays ? B.What do you have ? C.What do you have on Monday?()13.? It’s Monday.A.What is it today ? B.What day is it today ? C.What day is today ?()14.? I watch TV and do my homework.A.What do you do ? B.What do you do in Mondays? C.What do you do on Sundays ?()15.May I have a look ? A.Sure.Here you are.B.Look!C.Here you are.()16.Our math teacher is Canada.A.from B.in C.at()17.I three new teachers.A.has B.am C.have()18.What’s Chinese teacher like ? A.you B.your C.you’re()19.My P.E.teacher is thin.A.too B.so C.very()20.There are days in a week.A.six B.seven C.eight()21.There are month(月)in a year(年).A.ten B.eleven C.twelve()22.I often watch TV Saturday.A.on B.in C.at()23.I like P.E.I don’t lime music.A.but B.and C.so()24.This is apple.It is red apple.A.a , a B.an,an C.an, a()25.What do you like ? A.classes B.class C.class’s 六年级英语测试题

Class: Name:()1.How are you ? A.Fine,thanks.B.Yes,it is.C.How are you ?()2.Nice to meet you!A.Fine,thank you.B.OK.C.Nice to meet you ,too!()3.How do you go to school ? A.I go to Canada by plane.B.I go to school by bike.C.What about you ?()4.How do you go to the USA ? A.I usually go to school by bus.B.I go to England by ship.C.I go by plane.()5.? My home is near the post office.A.Where is your home ? B.OK.C.See you then!()6.See you at 2 o’clock.A.See you then!B.The fifth floor.C.It’s easy.()7.? You can go by the No.15 bus.A.It’s not far.B.How can I get to Zhongshan Park ? C.Sure.()8.Where is the hospital? A.Next to the cinema.B.Thank you.C.You’re welcome.()9.Excuse me ,is there a cinema near here ? A.Yes,there is.B.No,it’s not far.C.It’s near the post office.()10.? ? It’s near the post office.A.Yes,there is.B.No,it’s not far.C.Where is the library?()11.? It’s next to the hospital.A.Where is the cinema ,please ? B.Is it far ? C.Go straight.()12.How can I get to the hospital ? A.It’s next to the hospital.B.You can go by the No.201 bus.C.Thank you.()13.Thank you.A.Thank you.B.OK.C.You’re welcome.()14.How can I get to the museum? A.Go straight.Then turn left.B.Thank you.C.It’s east of the cinema.()15.Where is the post office ? A.Go straight.Then turn left.B.Thank you.C.It’s east of the cinema.()16.What are you going to do this evening ? A.I’m going to the cinema.B.I go to school on foot.C.Yes,it is.()17.Is it far ? A.No,it is.B.Yes , it is.C.Yes,it isn’t.()18.do you go to school ? A.What B.Where C.How()19.I go to school bike.A.on B.by C.get()20.Can I go foot ? A.by B.at C.on()21.How can I to the post office ? A.near B.get C.for()22.me.8 A.Excuse B.How C.next()23.birthday to you!A.After B.Happy C.First()24.The hospital is the left.A.at B.in C.on()25.is the bookstore ? A.Where B.How C.When 四年级英语测试题

Class: Name:()1.Good afternoon!

A.Hello!B.Hi!C.Afternoon!()2.Nice to see you again!

A.How are you ? B.Hello!C.Nice to see you , too.()3.Good night,moom!

A.Good evening!B.Good night!C.Night!()4.How are you ?

A.Fine,thank you.B.I am 10.C.Nine.()5.How do you do ?

A.Fine ,Thank you.B.How are you ? C.How do you do ?()6.How old are you ?

A.How are you ? B.I am 11.C.I have 11.()7.? I have 23.A.How many books do you have ? B.How many books can you see? C.How many book do you have ?()8.? I can see 6.A.How many lights do you have ? B.How many lights can you see ? C.How many light can you see ?()9.May I have a look ?

A.Sure.Here you are.B.Look!C.Sure.Here are you.()10.? 50 yuan.A.How much is this schoolbag ? B.How many is this schoolbag ? C.How much are this schoolbag ?()11.Where’s my seat ?

A.It’s near the door.B.It’s on the door.C.It’s under the door.()12.Let’s clean the desks and chairs.A.All right!B.Hello!C.It’s nice.()13.What’s this ?

A.There is a board.B.It’s a bee.C.It’s bee.()14.? My name is Mike.A.Here are you ? B.What’s your name ? C.How do you do ?()15.Who’s the inventor of paper ? A.Chinese people.B.Oh!Great!C.Hello!()16.I a student.You a teacher.A.am ,am B.are, are C.am, are

()17.This a boy.His name Zhang Peng.A.is, is B.am , is C.is , are()18.Let clean the fish bowl.A.I B.me C.my

()19.This is apple.It is red apple.A.an ,an B.a, a C.an, a()20.We a new classroom.A.are B.have C.has()21.There a bee in our classroom.A.is B.are C.am()22.have a new schoolbag.schoolbag is heavy.A.I , my B.I ,My C.My , I

()23.Put your English book your head.A.at B.in C.on

()24.There many books in the desk.A.am B.is C.are

()25.How many do you have ? A.pencil B.pencils 三年级英语测试题

Class: Name:()1.当向别人打招呼时，应该说： A.Hello.B.Good morning.()2.How are you ? 的正确答语是： A.name B.I’m fine,thank you.()3.当想知道别人的名字时，应该说： A.What’s your name ? B.See you.()4.字母K的小写是： A.k B.()5.Nice to meet you 的意思是: A.见到你很高兴。B.你好吗？()6.向别人告别时，应该说： A.Good bye!B.Hi.()7.Jenny is a A.boy B.girl()8.Li Ming is a A.boy B.girl()9.Jenny lives in A.Canada.B.China.()10.字母P的大写是：

C.pencils.A.P B.q()11.当向别人说谢谢时，应该说： A.Nice to meet you.B.See you later.()12.早上好的正确答语是：

A.Good morning.B.See you later.’()13.What’s this ？ It’s a A.desk B.book()14.This is a A.teacher B.Danny

()15.This is a boy.What’s A.his B.her

name ? 11

动词和动词短语考点解读 第2篇

专题导航

近几年来, 动词和动词短语一直是高考英语试题的重点考查对象。该考点常以单项选择、完形填空、短文改错等题型作为载体, 主要针对部分常用动词和动词短语的用法进行考查, 考点主要围绕以下几个方面设置。

一、动词词义辨析

1.选项是词形一致的动词

这类试题的四个选项在词形上是一致的, 即要么都是原形, 要么都是过去式, 或者要么都是单数第三人称形式。要准确解答这类试题, 必须明确各个动词的词义和用法, 然后根据题意需要选用合适的动词。

【典例1】While intelligent people can often_______the complex, a fool is more likely tocomplicate the simple. (2013年湖北卷)

A.sacrifice

B.substitute

C.simplify

D.survive

【解析】C。本题四个选项都属原形动词, 解答本题的关键是理解句意和辨别词义。本句的while表示对比, 后句中complicate的意思是“使复杂化”, 据此推断, 前句空格中应填入simplify表示“使简单化”。句意是:傻瓜很可能把简单变复杂, 而智者常能变复杂为简单。sacrifice“牺牲, 奉献”;substitute“替代, 代替”;survive“生存, 幸免于”, 均不合句意。

【典例2】We_______at a three star hotel near the airport last night.

A.associated

B.disputed

C.negotiated

D.registered

【解析】D。本题四个选项都属动词的过去式, 解答本题的关键是理解句意和辨别词义。根据句中at a three star hotel和last night的信息推断, 本句谓语含有“登记住宿”之意, 因此应选择registered。associate“交往, 联想”;dispute“辩论, 阻止”;negotiate“谈判, 交涉”, 均不合句意。

2.选项是意思相近的动词

【典例1】She_______the carpet with some very nice curtains in colour. (2013年江西卷)

A.connected

B.fitted

C.equipped

D.matched

【解析】D。本题的B、D项词义相近。句中含有“使地毯和窗帘的颜色相匹配”的概念, 因此应选择matched。fit表示“使适应;使合身;与相符”, 与本题不符。

【典例2】I hear Tom's debts have greatly increased.

That's true.What's more, his physical and mental health has begun to_______.

A.disappear

B.fall

C.fail

D.damage

【解析】C。本题四个选项的词义都比较接近, 尤其是B项的fall特别容易与fail混淆。指身体健康状况, 如视力、听力、心脏功能等方面的“衰退, 下滑”要用fail。句意是:他债台高筑, 他的身心健康状况开始下滑。

二、动词的固定搭配

1.“动词+宾语+介词”的固定搭配

在“动词+宾语+介词”结构中, 动词和宾语不同, 介词通常也就不同。例如:make friends with“和交朋友”;make room for“为腾出地方”。解答这类试题, 一要推敲句意, 二要观察宾语和介词, 在理解句意的基础上选出符合固定搭配或习惯用法的动词。

【典例1】We were all agreed that the cottage would_______a perfect holiday home for the family. (2012年江西卷)

A.make

B.turn

C.take

D.have

【解析】A。make表示“可以用作, 可发展为”时与for连用。turn后接名词表示“变成, 变为”时, 通常要跟into。句意是:我们一致同意, 这个小村舍将会给我们的家庭营造一个完美的假日家园。

【典例2】I_______him of the appointment, but he didn't make any response.

A.told

B.reminded

C.warned

D.advised

【解析】B。解答本题既要注意词语搭配还要注意推敲句意, 因为remind和warn后都可以接“sb of sth”。但由于本句的意思是“我提醒他约会的事, 但他没有搭腔”, 因此要用reminded;如果用warned则表示“警告”, 不合常理。

2.“动词+宾语”的固定搭配

英语中, 许多动词与宾语有固定的搭配形式。例如practice drawing/playing the piano“练习绘画/弹钢琴”, decide to visit Beijing/study abroad“决定去游览北京/出国留学”。解答这类试题关键是要“顾后”, 要在理解句意的基础上选择符合固定搭配或习惯用法的动词。

【典例1】If you are in trouble, Mike is always willing to_______a hand. (2013年天津卷)

A.lend

B.shake

C.wave

D.want

【解析】A。lend/give a hand属固定搭配, 意思是“提供帮助, 助一臂之力”。如果表示“帮助某人”或“助某人一臂之力”, 则用lend/give sb a hand。

【典例2】In fact, you can easily fake up an excuse to_______going out with him.

A.manage

B.avoid

C.arrange

D.refuse

【解析】B。所给的四个选项中, manage“设法做到”, arrange“安排”和refuse“拒绝”这三个动词后都必须接带to的不定式作宾语, 而本题空格后是going, 因此它们均不正确。avoid的意思是“避免”, 后面接动词-ing形式作宾语。句意是:为避免同他一起外出, 你可以很容易地编造一个借口。

3.“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”的固定搭配

英语中, 许多动词后接“宾语+宾语补足语”的搭配形式。例如name/call the boy Tom“称这个男孩为汤姆”, order the stranger to leave“命令那个陌生人离开”, have the house repaired“把房子维修了”。解答这类试题需要“瞻前”或“顾后”, 要在理解句意的基础上选择符合固定搭配或习惯用法的动词。

【典例1】Let those in need_______that we will go all out to help them. (2013年陕西卷)

A.to understand

B.understand

C.understanding

D.understood

【解析】B。本题既可以说是考查非谓语, 也可以说是考查动词let的用法。本题中, those是let的宾语, in need是those的定语, let后接不定式作宾语补足语时, 该不定式不带to, 因此本题应选择understand。句意是:让那些需要帮助的人们知道, 我们将会全力以赴地帮助他们。

【典例2】What happened to your grandfather on the bus just now?

He had his pocket_______.

A.to pick

B.pick

C.picked

D.picking

【解析】C。本题考查have用作使役动词时宾语补足语的表示法。本句的宾语是his picket, 对于“口袋”来说是“被掏”, 因此应选择picked作宾语补足语。

4.某些句型中的固定搭配

在某些句型中, 动词有其固定的表达形式。例如在“There be+名词+动词”句型中, 这个动词要用-ing形式;在“It is high time+that从句”句型中, that从句的谓语动词要用过去式形式;在“Sb suggests+that从句”句型中, that从句的谓语要用“ (should) +原形动词”。

【典例1】Laura was away in Paris for over a week.When she got home, there was a pile of mail_______for her. (2013年辽宁卷)

A.waited

B.to wait

C.waiting

D.was waiting

【解析】C。本句属“There be+名词+动词”句型, 其中的动词wait要用-ing形式, 因此应选择waiting。句意是:劳拉到巴黎待了一个多星期。当她回到家时, 有一大堆邮件等着她阅读。

【典例2】She_______that she had been given the chance to go to university.

A.wishes

B.hopes

C.suggests

D.demands

【解析】A。that从句的谓语是表示过去完成时态的had been given, 因此主句的谓语动词要用wish, 因为wish后的从句要用“与过去时态”相关的虚拟语气表示法。句意是:她想以前要是有上大学的机会就好了。hope“希望”后的从句不用虚拟语气;suggest“建议”和demand“要求”后从句的谓语用“ (should) +原形动词”。

三、考查特殊连系动词

prove, remain, stay, appear, seem, become, feel, look, sound, taste, smell, grow, turn, go, come等属“两栖”动词, 它们既可用作“行为动词”, 也可用作“特殊连系动词”。当这些动词用作“特殊连系动词”时后面常接形容词、名词或不定式等作表语。解答这类试题关键要分析句子结构, 弄清题意, 确定该动词是否用作特殊连系动词。

【典例1】Some people eat with their eyes.They prefer to order what_______nice.

A.looks

B.smells

C.feels

D.tastes

【解析】A。前句中的eat with their eyes表明有些人“凭视觉判断食物的优劣”, 因此后句应选择looks填空, 表示“他们宁愿去点那些看上去很好的食物”。smell nice“闻上去味道好”, feel nice“感觉好”, taste nice“尝起来味道好, 均与前句的意思不符”。

【典例2】Peace and development_______ to be the overriding themes of the times.

A.seem

B.sound

C.appear

D.remain

【解析】D。remain的意思是“保持, 依然”, 选择该词便能准确表达这个句子的意思:和平与发展依然是当今时代的主题。

四、考查动词短语

近年来, 高考英语单选题中, 动词短语是命题的重点对象之一。解答这类试题要认真分析句式结构、推敲句意, 从所给的四个选项中遴选出符合句意的动词短语。考查动词短语时, 常以以下几种形式作为选项:

1.动词相同, 但副词或介词不同

这类试题的四个选项都是由同一个动词加不同的副词或介词构成, 例如“A.give up B.give out C.give away D.give off”。

【典例1】At the last moment, Tom decided to_______a new character tomake the story seem more likely. (2013年全国新课标Ⅰ卷)

A.put up

B.put in

C.put on

D.put off

【解析】B。put in的意思是“提出, 放入, 种植”。句意是:就在最后一刻, 汤姆决定插入一个新的角色使得那个故事看起来更加活灵活现。put up“提供, 建造, 举起”;put on“穿上, 上演”;put off“推迟, 扔掉, 阻止”, 均与句意不符。

【典例2】What did your teacher ask you to do?

He asked us to_______our points in a logical order.

A.set out

B.set off

C.set in

D.set up

【解析】A。空缺后是our points in a logical order, 因此空格处缺少的应该是“陈述, 表达”之意, 因此应选择set out。句意是:老师要求我们按逻辑顺序陈述我们的观点。set off“出发, 引起”;set in“开始, 到来, 流行”;set up“建立, 装配, 开业, 竖立”, 均不合句意。

2.副词或介词相同, 但动词不同

这类试题的四个选项是由不同的动词加相同的副词或介词构成, 例如“A.drop out B.come out C.leave out D.stay out (这四个选项为不同的动词+相同的副词out) ”。再例如“A.contribute to B.relate to C.attend to D.devote to (这四个选项为不同的动词+相同的介词to) ”。

【典例1】Butterflies_______a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect. (2013年湖北卷)

A.carry on

B.feed on

C.put on

D.focus on

【解析】B。这四个选项为“不同的动词+相同的介词on”。主语是butterflies“蝴蝶”, 宾语是a sweet liquid“一种甜的液体”, 说明空格处缺少的是“以为食, 吸食”的概念, 因此应选择feed on。句意是:蝴蝶吸食一种由花儿产出的甜蜜液体, 这些花儿由蜜蜂和其他昆虫采集而来。carry on“继续, 从事, 进行”;put on“穿上, 上演”;focus on“集中于, 聚焦于”;均不合句意。

【典例2】We will_______our cooperation and exchanges with the WHO and other countries.

A.hold up

B.take up

C.set up

D.keep up

【解析】D。这四个选项为“不同的动词+相同的副词up”。句意是:我们将继续加强与世界卫生组织以及其他国家的合作与交流。keep up“继续, 保持”;符合句意。hold up“举起, 阻挡, 拦截”;take up“拿起, 开始从事, 占用 (时间、空间或精力) ”;set up“建立, 装配, 开业, 竖立”, 均与句意不符。

3.动词、副词或介词均不相同

这类试题的四个选项是由不同的动词和不同的副词构成的动词短语, 例如“A.give out B.take in C.show off D.carry on (四个动词和四个副词均各不相同) ”。

【典例1】Briggs will_______as general manager when Mitchell retires. (2013年辽宁卷)

A.get away

B.take over

C.set off

D.run out

【解析】B。这四个选项为“不同的动词+不同的副词”。take over“接任, 接管, 接办, 接受”, 句意是:米切尔退休时, 布里格斯将接任总经理职务。get away“离开, 逃脱, 出发”;set off“出发, 引起”;run out“用完, 耗尽, 跑出”, 均与句意不符。

【典例2】At the edge of the desert, the traveler_______a deserted church.

A.turned down

B.dealt with

C.took after

D.came across

【解析】D。at the edge of the desert表示“在沙漠的边缘地带”, a deserted church“一个被遗弃的教堂”, 透过这些意思推断, 空格处缺少的应该是表示“看到, 发现”的短语, 因此应选择came across“偶然碰到”来表达“在沙漠的边缘地带, 那个旅行者碰巧发现了一个被遗弃的教堂”。turn down“调低, 拒绝”;deal with“处理, 对付”;take after“与相像”, 均不合句意。

4.“动词+副词+介词”短语

这类试题四个选项所给的动词短语均由“动词、副词、介词”组合而成。

【典例1】OK, I've had enough of it.I give up. (2012年江苏卷)

You can't_______your responsibilities.

A.run off with

B.run up against

C.run out of

D.run away from

【解析】D。run away from“逃离, 躲避, 逃避”。这段对话的意思是:好了, 我已受够了, 我放弃。你不能逃避你的责任。run off with“拐走, 取走”, run up against“意外地碰到, 偶遇”;run out of“用完, 耗尽, 从跑出”, 均与句意不符。

【典例2】There are many inconveniences that you have to_______when you are camping.

A.put up with

B.keep up with

C.do away with

D.come up with

【解析】A。many inconveniences的意思是“诸多不便”, 因此此处应选择put up with表示“忍受, 容忍, 承受”。句意是:你在露营时必须承受诸多不便。keep up with“跟上不落后于”;do away with“废除, 消灭, 去掉”;com up with“追赶上, 比得上, 想出”, 均与句意不符。

巩固与提高:

1.When you rewrite the paragraph, I advise you to_______the last sentence as it is rather misleading.

A.point out

B.make out

C.leave out

D.put out

2.You'd better not drink all the rice wine now.That is to say, you'd better_______some for later use.

A.have

B.keep

C.stay

D.remain

3.They've_______us$300, 000 for the house.Shall we take it?

A.provided

B.supplied

C.shown

D.offered

4.Shall we_______our discussion to have some tea or coffee?

That's a good idea.

A.take off

B.pay off

C.break off

D.turn off

5.The young man who_______a red T-shirt behaved very badly at the party yesterday.

A.had on

B.held on

C.put on

D.kept on

6.Those old houses near the museum will sooner or later be_______.

A.hit down

B.broken down

C.pulled down

D.let down

7.The famous pop singers are going to hold a concert to_______money for the sick boy.

A.rise

B.raise

C.lift

D.carry

8.All the lights in our classroom have gone out.

Yes.Perhaps they have_______electricity.

A.cut off

B.cut through

C.cut down

D.cut up

9.I'd like to go to the movie with you, Dad.

Sorry, my son, but only the grown-ups are_______into the cinema.

A.required

B.intended

C.admitted

D.supposed

10.Never_______the secret otherwise you'll be severely punished.

I certainly won't.

A.made out

B.took out

C.pass out

D.let out

11.Take care during the festivals!Drinking too much can_______heart disease and cause high blood pressure.

A.contribute to

B.refer to

C.attend to

D.devote to

12.Do you know the plan his daughter will_______spread a lot?

Really?I don't know it yet.

A.look up to

B.come up to

C.live up to

D.get down to

13.The society today offers the young generation more chances to_______their talent and skills.

A.give out

B.take in

C.show off

D.carry on

14.I am confident that we have the strength and wisdom to_______this strategy.

A.set aside

B.carry out

C.take in

D.get through

15.It must be very difficult for you as a banker to try to_______your customers during periods like this.

A.serve

B.promise

C.satisfy

D.support

16.Sharing life with someone else does not come naturally, that's why we need to learn to_______life.

A.treat

B.care

C.spare

D.share

17.Thanks to the doctors and nurses for their care and treatment during my stay in the hospital, I_______soon after.

A.pulled through

B.went off

C.set out

D.gave up

18.Lily has been recently_______.

Oh, she deserve it.She has made great contributions to the company, you know.

A.supported

B.involved

C.promoted

D.admired

19.I_______fresh air and exercise for my health.

So do I and so does my elder brother.

A.take in

B.give in

C.turn in

D.believe in

20.Which place in the world would you like to_______as your perfect home?

A.reflect

B.select

C.collect

D.correct

21.Those young men were_______by the police with making trouble in the neighborhood.

A.charged

B.blamed

C.scolded

D.accused

22.Those suffering an abnormal level o sugar in the blood are supposed to_______their doctors and maybe change their diets.

A.consume

B.connect

C.consult

D.conduct

23.Thanks to Mrs.James, the father and son eventually_______after ten years'cold relationship between them.

A.took up

B.made up

C.got up

D.turned up

24.Having a large family to_______, Uncle Li has to take up two part-time jobs in his spare time.

A.design

B.support

C.share

D.organize

25.Here you are at last, James!We were about to_______.

Sorry to keep you waiting.My bike broke down on the way.

A.give in

B.pull through

C.get through

D.give up

26.Time pockets often_______when you're waiting for someone or something at home.

A.rise

B.arise

C.raise

D.lift

27.Blue_______for forever love, which is why a bride wears something blue on her wedding day.

A.sits

B.stands

C.runs

D.cares

28.Tom says he doesn't want to work together with you.

That's all my fault.I cannot and will not _______him.

A.respect

B.blame

C.defend

D.chat with

29.Keep in mind that if you make too many rules for your children, nothing will_______anymore.

A.drops out

B.stands out

C.makes out

D.pulls out

30.Jenny did not_______her father while he was talking to her, but the look on her face spoke volumes.

A.replace

B.insert

C.interrupt

D.plug

答案与解析:

1.C。leave out“省去, 删去”。句意是:由于容易引起误解, 我建议你在重写这一段时把最后一句删去。point out“指出”;make out“理解, 辨认出”;put out“熄灭, 伸出”, 均与句意不符。

2.B。句中缺少含“保留”之意的及物动词。作“保留”解时, stay后跟形容词, 表状态的持续;remain为不及物动词;而keep为及物动词, 因此应选择B项。

3.D。从“Shall we take it?”可以看出, 本句应选择offer, 因为offer sb money for sth含义为“向某人开价多少卖某物”。show明显不适用;provide和supply不与for搭配。

4.C。break off的意思是“暂停, 突然中止”。句意是:让我们暂停讨论去喝杯茶或咖啡好吗?take off“脱下, 起飞”;pay off“付清”;turn off“关闭”, 均与句意不符。

5.A。have on表示“穿, 戴”的状态, 即“穿着, 戴着”;put on则表示“穿, 戴”的动作, 即“穿上, 戴上”;hold on表示“别挂断 (电话) ”;keep on表示“保持, 继续”。综上, 本题只能选择A项。

6.C。pull down表示“摧毁, 推翻, 拆除 (建筑物) ”, 句意是:博物馆附近的那些旧房子迟早要被拆除的。另外三个短语的意思分别是:hit down“把撞倒”;break down“坏了, 垮了”;let down“辜负, 使失望”。

7.B。raise表示“筹款, 募捐”。句意是:那些著名的流行歌手将举行一场音乐会为那个生病的男孩筹款。另外三个动词的意思分别是:rise“升起, 升高”;lift“提起”;carry“搬运, 携带”。

8.A。cut off“切断水、电等的供应”。由上文“教室里的灯全熄了”可以判断“他们可能停止供电了”。另外三个选项的意思是:cut through“穿透, 抄近路穿过”;cut down“削减, 砍倒”;cut up“切碎, 抨击”。

9.C。be admitted into表示“允许进入”。句意是:对不起, 孩子, 这部影片只允许成年人观看。require“需要, 要求”;intend“打算, 想要”;suppose“假设, 认为”, 均与句意不符。

10.D。let out“透露, 泄露 (消息等) ”。句意是:千万不能把这个秘密泄露出去, 否则你将受到严惩。另外三个短语的意思是:took out“取出, 去掉”;pass out“昏倒, 失去知觉”;make out“辨认出, 理解”。

11.A。contribute to“导致”。句意是:节日期间要当心!喝酒太多会导致心脏病和引起高血压。refer to“参考, 涉及”, attend to“注意, 照料”, devote to“将奉献给, 把专用于”, 均不合句意。

12.D。his daughter will属plan的定语从句, 意为“他女儿将要的 (那个计划) ”, 由此推断应填入get down to表示“着手做”, 即句意应该是:你知道他女儿将要着手做的那个计划已经传开了吗?come up to“达到, 等于”;live up to“做到, 不辜负”;look up to“尊敬”, 均与句意不符。

13.C。show off“炫耀, 展示”。句意是:当今社会给年轻一代提供了更多的机会来展示他们的才能和技能。另外三个短语的意思分别是:give out“分发, 发出”;take in“吸收, 领会”;carry on“继续”。

14.B。carry out“执行, 贯彻, 实现”。句意是:我坚信, 我们将会用力量和智慧完成这一战略。set aside“留出, 撤销”;take in“吸收, 领会”;get through“通过, 到达, 接通电话”, 均与句意不符。

15.C。satisfy“使满意/满足”。句意是:处于这样的时期, 你作为一个银行家, 要想尽力去满足你的顾客们的要求肯定是很困难的。另外三个动词的意思是:serve“为服务”;promise“许诺, 保证”;support“支持, 供养”。

16.D。share“分享, 分担, 分配”。句意是:和别人分享生活不是与生俱来的, 这就是为什么我们要学习分享生活。另外三个动词的意思是:treat“对待, 治疗”;care“关心, 喜爱, 在意”;spare“节约, 饶恕”。

17.A。由句意“多亏了在我住院期间医生和护士们的精心照顾和治疗”推断, 说话者“病愈了”, 故选pull through表示“康复, 渡过难关”。go off“ (铃) 响”;set out“出发”;give up“放弃”, 均不适合句意。

18.C。由答语“你知道, 她对公司做出的巨大贡献”推断, 说话者觉得莉莉理应得到“晋升”, 故应选promote。support“支持”;involve“卷入”;admire“羡慕”, 均与句意不符。

19.D。由于空格后是“fresh air”, 本题极易误选take in表示“吸收”。其实本句的意思是“我相信新鲜空气和锻炼对我的健康有益”, 因此应选择believe in。

20.B。select“选择, 挑选”。句意是:你想选择世界上的什么地方作为你最理想的安家之地呢?另外三个动词的意思是:reflect“反射”;collect“收集”;correct“改正”。

21.A。charge sb with doing sth意为“指控某人做某事”, 用charge符合句意和搭配。blame“责备”, scold“责骂”与句意不符;accuse可以表示控告, 但其与of搭配。

22.C。句意是:那些血糖水平高的人应该“咨询”医生并改变饮食。consult意为“咨询”, 符合句意。consume“消费”;connect“连接”;conduct“操作, 进行”, 均与句意不符。

23.B。make up在本句中的意思是“重新和好”。take up“开始从事, 占据”;get up“建造, 增加”;turn up“出现, 发生”, 均与句意不符。

24.B。由句意“李叔叔利用闲暇时间打两份零工”推断, 应选support表示他有一个大家庭要“养活”。另外三个动词的意思是:design“设计”;share“分享”;organize“组织”。

25.D。由语境“你终于来了”推断, 说话者等得有点不耐烦, 差不多要放弃了, 故选give up表示“我们准备放弃了”。give in“屈服”;pull through“渡过难关”;get through“通过, 完成”, 均与句意不符。

26.B。arise是不及物动词, 意思是“出现”。句意是:当你在家中等人的时候, 零碎时间会经常出现。rise“上升, 起立”;raise“提高, 筹集”;lift“提起, 举起”, 均与句意不符。

27.B。stand for的意思是“代表”。句意是:蓝色代表永恒的爱情, 这就是为什么新娘在婚礼当天总是佩戴着一件蓝色的饰物。

28.B。blame的意思是“责备, 怪罪”。句意是:汤姆说他不想和你一起共事了。这都是我的错。我不能、也不会怪罪他。respect“尊敬, 尊重”;defend“包围, 防御”;chat with“和聊天”, 均与句意不符。

29.B。stand out的意思是“突出, 出色”。句意是:记住, 如果你给孩子定太多的规矩, 则最后什么都无法突出。drop out“退出, 退学”;make out“理解, 辨认”;pull out“拔出, 撤离”;均与句意不符。

30.C。interrupt表示“插嘴, 打断别人”。句意是:珍妮的父亲在跟她说话时, 她没有插嘴, 但她的面部表情却说明了一切。replace“取代, 代替”;insert“插入, 嵌入”;plug“塞住, 接插头”, 均与句意不符。

考点回顾短语动词 第3篇

请看一组2011高考英语短语动词试题：

1. （2011年福建卷）Born into a family with three brothers,David was to value the sense of sharing.

A.brought up

B.turned down

C.looked after

D.held back

2. （2011年海南卷）I can _______ the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean.

A.come up with

B.put up with

C.turn toD.stick to

3. （2011年江苏卷）

—You look upset. Whats the matter？

—I had my proposal _______ again.

A.turned overB.turned on

C.turned offD.turned down

4. （2011年江西卷）You cant predict everything. Often things dont _______ at you expect

A.run outB.break out

C.work outD.put out

5. (2011年四川卷)To get a better grade, you should _______ the notes again before the test.

A.go over

B.get over

C.turn over

D.take over

6. （2011年天津卷）She _______ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.

A.turned down

B.dealt with

C.took afterD.came across

7. （2011年山东卷）They are broadening the bridge to _______ the flow of traffiC.

A.put offB.speed up

C.turn onD.work out

8. （2011年陕西卷）Some insects _______ the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.

A.take in

B.take off

C.take on

D.take out

考题分析

1． A。考查动词短语的区别。此处bring up的意思是“抚养，教育”。Turn down 的意思是“调低，拒绝”; look after的意思是“照看”；hold back的意思是“阻止，阻挡”。

2. B。考查动词短语的区别。此处put up with的意思是“忍受”，符合句子的语境。而come up with的意思是“想出”；turn to的意思是“转向，朝向”；stick to的意思是“坚持”。

3. D。考查动词短语的区别。此处turn down的意思是“拒绝”，符合句子的语境。而turn over的意思是“翻转”；turn on的意思是“打开”；turn off的意思是“关掉”。

4. C。 考查动词短语的区别。此处work out的意思是“结果”。而run out的意思是“用完”；break out的意思是“爆发”；put out的意思是“扑灭”。

5. A。 考查动词短语的区别。此处go over的意思是“复习”。而get over的意思是“克服”； turn over的意思是“翻转”；take over的意思是“接管”。

6. D。 考查动词短语的区别。此处 come across的意思是“遇到”，符合句子的语境。而turn down 的意思是“拒绝”；deal with的意思是“对付”；take after的意思是“长得像”。

7. B。本题考查短语动词。此处speed up的意思是“加速”，符合句子的语境。而put off的意思是“推迟”；turn on的意思是“打开”；work out 的意思是“算出”。

8. C。本题考查短语动词。此处take on的意思是“呈现”，符合句子的语境。而take in的意思是“吸收，吸纳”；take off的意思是“起飞”；take out的意思是“拿出，取出”。

考点概述

短语动词作为固定搭配有确定的结构和意思，它们在语言中具有强大的生命力，极富有表现力。短语动词的考查成了近年的高考热点和必考点。本文拟就短语动词的要点，考点作一概述，并配部分备考训练题。

知识要点

英语中，动词常与其他词类(通常是介词或副词)用在一起，构成固定词组，我们称之为短语动词。和行为动词一样，短语动词也可以分为及物和不及物两种。为了便于掌握，我们可以把短语动词当作一个整体看待，同一般行为动词一样使用。

短语动词主要有以下几种构成方式：

1． 动词＋介词：这类短语动词均为及物动词性质，其宾语不管是名词，还是代词，都只能放在介词之后。

如agree with， come from， fall off， knock at， look after， laugh at， play with， run into， go after， think of， wait for， ask after（问候），care for， break through（突破）等。

I ran into an old friend in the street．我在街上偶遇一个老朋友。

The police went after the escaped criminal， but he went away．警察追捕那个逃跑的罪犯，但他逃走了。

2． 动词＋副词：这类短语动词可分为及物动词性质和不及物动词性质两大类。具有及物动词性质的短语动词的宾语如果是名词，该名词可置于动词和副词之间或副词之后；如果是代词，这个代词就只能置于动词和副词之间。

如dress up， eat up， pick up， pass on， take off， get over， give up， see off， show around， put off， work out， turn up等。

They will have to find means to get over the difficulty．他们必须想方设法克服困难。

Where did you pick it up？你在哪儿捡的它？

具有不及物动词性质的短语动词，如come along， get up， grow up， look around， set out， go up， break out， die out， hang up， look out等。

The temperature will go up quickly．温度会很快升高。

Tigers would die out if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wisheD.如果允许人们随意捕杀老虎，老虎就会灭绝。

3． 动词＋副词＋介词：这类短语动词均为及物动词性质，宾语必须放在介词之后。如put up with， stand up to， do away with， get down to， break away from， live up to， catch up with， come out of， do well in， look down upon等。

The taxes on these articles ought to be done away with．这些物品应该免税。

I hope I can live up to the expectations of my parents．我希望自己不辜负父母对我的期望。

4． 动词＋名词＋介词：这类短语动词也都是及物动词性质，宾语必须放在介词之后。如have a look at， get wind of， have a drink of， take care of， take part in， make fun of， pay attention to， make light of， catch sight of， keep an eye on， put an end to， give rise to等。

He got wind of the situation and went home．他听到有关形势的风声就回家了。

He made light of what she had done for him．他轻视她为他所做的一切。

此外还有由其他方式构成的短语动词。如take place， make sure， get in touch with等。

注意：1. 短语动词用被动语态时，要保证短语动词的完整性，动词后面原有的介词或副词切切不可以省略。如：

The wounded soldiers are taken good care of by the nurses.护士把受伤的战士们照顾的很好。

The house was set fire to by a naughty boy.房子是由一位淘气的男孩点着的。

2. 要了解短语动词是及物还是不及物。如：ask for是及物动词；set off是不及物动词；set up为及物动词。

3. 要弄清楚动词后面跟的是介词还是副词，如：pay attention to中的to 是介词；take off中的off 是副词。

巩固练习

1. When a fire _______ at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed.

A.broke off

B.broke out

C.broke down

D.broke up

2. The student was just about to _______ the question, when suddenly he found the answer.

A.gives up

B.gives in

C.gives awayD.gives off

3. I always _______ what I have said.

A.get to

B.hold to

C.lead toD.see to

4. Generous public finding of basic science would _ considerable benefits for the countrys health, wealth and security.

A.lead to

B.result from

C.lie inD.settle down

5. A wellwritten composition _______ good choice of words and clear organization among other things.

A.calls on

B.calls for

C.calls upD.calls off

6. A notice was placed by the thin ice, warning people _______ .

A.to keep offB.keep off

C.to keep up D.keeping up

7. He was made _______ the _______ of his master.

A.watch over; sheepB.to watch over; sheeps

C.watch on; sheepsD.to watch over; sheep

8. —Your brother is very careful and honest.

—I agree. What he has just done _______ itself.

A.speaks ofB.thinks of

C.speaks forD.thinks for

9. The market was filled with salted fish, _______ the worst smell that you can imagine.

A.sending off

B.giving off

C.putting off

D.setting off

10. It was dark, we decided to _______ for the night at a farm house.

A.put away

B.put down

C.put upD.put out

11. Use the following words in sentences to _______ their meaning of a passage.

A.bring aboutB.bring off

C.bring outD.bring on

12. Elephants would _______ if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished.

A.die down

B.die out

C.die fromD.die of

13. —Why did you stop writing?

—My ink has _______ .

A.used up

B.run out of

C.given away

D.given out

14. It was midnight when our car _______ outside the railway station.

A.pulled upB.set up

C.took upD.shut up

15. The nurse _______ the young man to see where his wound was.

A.turned to

B.turned over

C.turned on

D.turned off

16. They are waiting for the magazine to _______.

A.be come outB.come out

C.come onD.come in

17. Women used to be _______ before. But things are different now.

A.looked down

B.looked up

C.looked down upon

D.looked for

18. A good friend is one who will _______ you when you are in trouble.

A.stand for

B.stand by

C.stand up to

D.stand up with

参考答案

高考英语动词短语高频考点点击 第4篇

动词短语表达效果好, 使用频率高, 考查可能性大, 是短语中最为走俏的一类, 其热点考查内容如下:

一、同源动词短语

考点说明:以同一动词为来源的各个动词短语是短语考查最多的一类, 命题时常将以特定动词为来源的几个重要短语设置为各个备选项, 意义容易混淆的常常被优先考虑。解题时既要弄清备选项各个短语的意义, 又要认真分析语境逻辑弄清空档的实际需要。

例1:The exam results will be on Friday afternoon. (2011年辽宁卷)

A. put down B. put off

C. put up D. put away

解析:C 由常识可知, 考试结果最终是要公布的, 因此该空应填put up。

例2:You look upset. What's the matter?

I had my proposal again. (2011年江苏卷)

A. turned over B. turned on

C. turned off D. turned down

解析:D 由look upset可以推出空档表示“被拒绝”, 因此应填turned down。

例3:Some insects the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves. (2011年陕西卷)

A. take in B. take off

C. take on D. take out

解析:C 由主语和宾语之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“呈现”, 因此应填take on。

例4:You can't predict everything. Often things don't as you expect. (2011年江西卷)

A. run out B. break out

C. work out D. put out

解析:C 由can't predict和as you expect之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“取得结果”, 因此应填work out。

例5:My mother opened the drawer to the knives and spoons. (2010年全国卷Ⅱ)

A. put away B. put up

C. put on D. put together

解析:A 由opened the drawer和the knives and spoons之间的逻辑关系可以推出该空表示“将暂时收起来”, 因此应填put away。

例6:Thousands of people to watch yesterday's match against Ireland. (2010年辽宁卷)

A. turned on B. turned in

C. turned around D. turned out

解析:D 数千人观看昨天对爱尔兰的比赛是结果证明的, 因此该空应填turned out。

例7:After that, he knew he could any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability. (2010年浙江卷)

A. get away with B. get on with

C. get through D. get across

解析:C 由主语和宾语之间的逻辑关系可以推出该空表示“通过”, 因此应填get through。

备考提示:同学们应熟悉活跃动词所构成的短语, 并将其分类汇总, 以便反复接触, 不断巩固。请看高中阶段最为活跃的同源动词短语一览表 (由三个单词构成的短语归入四中的表格) :

二、同源介词、副词动词短语

不同的动词可以和同一介词或副词构成短语来表达不同的含义, 高考非常重视对这样的短语进行考查, 考查的重点是以热点介词和副词为来源的动词短语。

例1:Parents much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift. (2010年江西卷)

A. attach B. pay

C. link D. apply

解析:A 由语境逻辑可以推出空档表示“将附在”, 因此应用attachto短语。

例2:How did you like Nick's performance last night?

To be honest, his singing didn't to me much. (2010年安徽卷)

A. appeal B. belong

C. refer D. occur

解析:A 由To be honest可以推出空档表示“取悦于”, 因此应用appeal to短语。

例3:Sam some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it. (2010年山东卷)

A. brought up B. looked up

C. picked up D. set up

解析:C 由just by watching others working on it可以推出空档表示“无意中学会”, 因此应填picked up。

例4:The experiment has the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet, but it does not mean there is no life on other planets. (2010年江苏卷)

A. found out B. pointed out

C. ruled out D. carried out

解析:C 由but it does not mean there is no life on other planets可以推出空档表示“排除”, 因此应填ruled out。

例5: How about your journey to Mount Emei?

Everything was wonderful except that our car twice on the way. (2009年四川卷)

A. slowed down B. broke down

C. got down D. put down

解析:B 由except that的转折性逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“坏了”, 因此应填broke down。

值得注意的是, 褒贬性质相同的同源介词、副词短语混淆度更高, 解题时不能轻易作答, 应认真回忆每个动词的恰切含义, 结合语境的实际需要作答。

例1:Sorry, I have to now. It's time for class.

OK, I'll call back later. (2009年天津卷)

A. hang up B. break up

C. give up D. hold up

解析:A 四个备选项均为以up为来源的动词短语, 且均含贬义色彩, 混淆度较高。由It's time for class. OK, I'll call back later.可以推出空档表示“挂断”, 因此应填hang up。

例2:I' m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have .

So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them. (2009年江苏卷)

A. broken up B. finished up

C. divided up D. closed up

解析:A 四个备选项均为以up为来源的动词短语, 且均含贬义色彩, 有较高的混淆度。由They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.可以推出空档表示“分手”, 因此应填broken up。

备考提示:同学们应经常复习同源介词、副词动词短语, 熟记它们的意义和用法, 以提高解题正确率。请看下面的热点同源介词、副词动词短语一览表 (不包括与表一重复的动词短语) :

(注意:三个词的动词短语归入四中的表格, 词形相似的动词短语归入三中的表格。)

三、词形相像的动词短语

一些动词短语词形相像, 让人眼花缭乱, 难以区分, 高考试题经常对此设题考查考生的鉴别能力。解题时应仔细辨认, 不能急于求成。

例1:Thousands of foreigners were to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened. (2010年江苏卷)

A. attended B. attained

C. attracted D. attached

解析:C 四个备选项所给予的动词词形相似, 考生可能将其意义张冠李戴。根据语境逻辑空档表示“被吸引”, 因此应填attracted, 构成attractto短语。

例2:The good thing about children is that they very easily to new environments. (2009年浙江卷)

A. adapt B. appeal

C. attach D. apply

解析:A 备选项所提供的四个动词词形相似, 容易混淆。根据空档前后的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“适应”, 因此应用adapt。

备考提示:词形相像的动词短语不是很多, 但同学们也应加以重视。这样的动词短语常见的有:

四、对长动词短语的判断

长动词短语多由三个单词构成, 因词数多、构词巧而备受高考命题者的重视。

例1:I can the house being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean. (2011年新课标全国卷)

A. come up with B. put up with

C. turn to D. stick to

解析:B 由but的转折性逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“忍受”, 因此应填put up with。

例2:The school isn't the one I really wanted to go to, but I suppose I'll just have to it. (2011年浙江卷)

A. make the best of B. get away from

C. keep an eye on D. catch up with

解析:A 由but的转折性逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“利用”, 因此应填make the best of。

例3:No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone you wishing they were that high. (2010年安徽卷)

A. getting rid of B. getting along with

C. looking up to D. looking down upon

解析:C 由wishing they were that high可以推出空档表示“尊敬”, 因此应填looking up to。

例4:We've just moved into a bigger house and there's a lot to do. Let's it. (2010年福建卷)

A. keep up with B. do away with

C. get down to D. look forward to

解析:C 由前一句可以推出空档表示“着手干”, 因此应填get down to。

例5:Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just sweet dreams. (2010年江西卷)

A. keep up with B. put up with

C. end up with D. catch up with

解析:C 空档表示“以为结束”, 因此应填end up with。

备考提示:长动词短语不是太多, 但个个都很重要, 都有可能成为高考考点, 因此同学们应特别加以重视。常见的长动词短语有:

巩固性练习:

1. It has already cleared up, so you had better your umbrella for the moment.

A. put off B. put away

C. put out D. put down

2. Stop talking, Mary. I'm sure that you are a story once again.

A. making out B. making up

C. making for D. making it

3. I still remember during that war our soldiers many hardships.

A. went by B. went over

C. went on D. went through

4. Don't feel discouraged any longer; you should your happy atmosphere.

A. keep out B. keep off

C. keep up D. keep away

5. Yesterday evening I phoned you quite a few times, but I didn't .

A. get through B. get over

C. get across D. get off

6. Being very busy, the young man and his girl friend their wedding quite a few times.

A. put out B. put down

C. put off D. put away

7.Do you know how the terrible fire at that time?

A smoking cigarette started it.

A. came out B. came up

C. came about D. came down

8. If you don't the price of the computers, I can't afford to buy one.

A. cut in B. cut down

C. cut off D. cut out

9. Why are you late for work today? Did your car on the half way once again?

A. break out B. break in

C. break through D. break down

10. I had thought that the girl couldn't help me at all, but she to be my good assistant.

A. turned up B. turned off

C. turned over D. turned out

11. This young man isn't good at expressing himself and can't what he says easily.

A. get across B. get over

C. get off D. get through

12. The news is still a secret, so nobody can it at present.

A. give; up B. give; out

C. give; off D. give; away

13. The young woman invited him to dance with her, but he her invitation.

A. turned off B. turned down

C. turned out D. turned over

14. When he listened to the radio, the familiar music his sweet childhood which was spent on a beautiful mountain village.

A. called on B. called off

C. called for D. called up

15.I really don't know when you will settling this problem.

In about half a week.

A. set out B. set off

C. set up D. set about

16. Just now, a terrible traffic accident happened, and a few policemen are it.

A. looking through B. looking up

C. looking round D. looking into

17. Tom, can I have a word with you now? I won't too much of your time.

A. take in B. take on

C. take up D. take over

18. As far as I know, girls half of the total number of the students in their class.

A. make out B. make up

C. make for D. make in

19. I have been told that after he retires, his son will his business.

A. take in B. take down

C. take over D. take up

20. All of a sudden, the bus was by a fallen tree on the street.

A. held back B. held on

C. held out D. held up

21. In the opinion of me, as long as you work really hard, your career is sure to .

A. take up B. take over

C. take off D. take in

22. This is a very difficult problem, so to work it out great care.

A. calls on B. calls for

C. calls off D. calls up

23. Since we began to live a low-carbon life, our hometown has a new look.

A. taken up B. taken in

C. taken off D. taken on

24. Seeing a coin lying on the ground, he it and laid it in his handbag.

A. picked; up B. brought; up

C. pulled; up D. hung; up

25. If you really don't know what these words mean, you can to a dictionary.

A. stick B. object

C. refer D. point

26. Your mother is seriously ill, so you must a doctor as soon as possible.

A. run for B. call for

C. send for D. ask for

27. I'm sure that this kind of work will much money on condition that you put your body and soul into it.

A. get in B. bring in

C. turn in D. hand in

28. At that time all his efforts were to his work, so he finally succeeded.

A. reduced B. devoted

C. referred D. applied

29. Don't you know that a good beginning a better result?

A. makes for B. goes for

C. leaves for D. runs for

30. I don't like this man because what he says doesn't with what he does.

A. go B. agree

C. do D. deal

31. When night came on, it was so dark outside that I couldn't out the way.

A. figure B. point

C. carry D. make

32. Having fallen on the ground and hurt his left knee, the player had to in the 500-meter race.

A. fall out B. drop out

C. leave out D. go out

33. It is well-known that all kinds of exercise can our bodies.

A. add up B. turn up

C. build up D. send up

34. A new street will soon be built here, so all the houses have to be .

A. pulled down B. taken down

C. put down D. turned down

35. This kind of work is really suitable for me, so I intend to it.

A. run for B. call for

C. go for D. apply for

36. Carrying out low-carbon economy is very beneficial in our country, so we should importance to it.

A. attract B. attain

C. attend D. attach

37. In my opinion, all the rules of our school to every student in each class.

A. apply B. appeal

C. adapt D. adjust

38. The Great Wall of China is really a good place of interest; I visiting it again.

A. look forward to B. look back to

C. date back to D. get down to

39. If you make a mistake again, we can't let you it.

A. get away with B. break away from

C. get away from D. do away with

40. This is really a good suggestion, but I don't know who it.

A. kept up with B. caught up with

C. came up with D. ended up with

41. I really hope that you can your promise in the future.

A. get down to B. look up to

C. look forward to D. live up to

42. It's getting very late, so let's our work at once.

A. get down to B. get along with

C. catch up with D. put up with

43. If it is possible, the old man will his own childhood.

A. look back to B. date back to

C. look forward to D. look up to

44. I hate this proud girl, because she often others.

A. gets down to B. looks down upon

C. puts up with D. gets away from

45. Mr. Smith is one of our best teachers and we him very much.

A. look up to B. look forward to

C. live up to D. date back to

46. He tried to harm others but harming himself.

A. ended up with B. put up with

C. came up with D. kept up with

47. This is a difficult social problem and I don't know how to it.

A. go with B. do with

C. deal with D. agree with

48. Write all the words and phrases on the blackboard and don't any word .

A. leave;out B. let;out

C. rule; out D. drop; out

49. As soldiers, we must our leaders' orders completely.

A. figure out B. bring out

C. rule out D. carry out

50. At the party, the actress's joke all the fans' laughter.

A. set aside B. set off

C. set up D. set out

参考答案与解析:

1. B 由It has already cleared up可以推出空档表示“把暂时收起来”, 因此应填put away。put off意为“推迟”;put out意为“扑灭”;put down意为“写下、记下, 镇压、平息”, 均与语境逻辑不吻合。

2. B 由Stop talking和you与a story之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“编造”, 因此应填making up。make out意为“辨认”;make for意为“有利于、有助于”;make it意为“做到、办成功”, 均与语境逻辑不吻合。

3. D 由宾语从句主语和宾语之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“经历”, 因此应填went through。go by意为“ (时间) 推移、流逝, 从旁经过”;go over意为“温习、复习”;go on意为“继续下去, (时间等) 过去, 发生、进行”, 均不符合语境逻辑。

4. C 由Don't feel discouraged和you should与your happy atmosphere之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“保持”, 因此应填keep up。keep out意为“把挡在外面”;keep off意为“让开、不接近, 不让接近”;keep away意为“站开, 使离开”, 均与语境逻辑不吻合。

5. A 由phoned you与but之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“接通电话”, 因此应填get through。get over意为“爬过 (墙等) , 克服 (困难) , 从 (病中) 康复”;get across意为“ (使) 通过, (使) 被理解, (把) 讲清楚”;get off意为“下 (车、船、飞机、马等) ”, 均与语境逻辑不吻合。

6. C 由Being very busy可以推出空档表示“推迟”, 因此应填put off。

7. C 由A smoking cigarette started it.可以推出空档表示“发生”, 因此应填came about。come out意为“出来, 出版”;come up意为“ (问题等) 出现, 从土中长出, 上来, 走近”;come down意为“下来, 降下来”, 均与语境逻辑不吻合。

8. B 由I can't afford to buy one.可以推出空档表示“削减”, 因此应填cut down。cut in意为“插嘴, (突然) 插入, 超车抢道”;cut off意为“切掉, 切断、断绝、使隔绝”;cut out意为“切掉、割掉”, 均不符合语境逻辑。

9. D break down意为“车辆损坏”, 与语境逻辑吻合。break out意为“ (战争、火灾、争吵) 爆发”;break in意为“闯进”;break through意为“突破”, 均与语境逻辑不吻合。

10. D 由had thought (本以为) 与but之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“结果证明”, 因此应填turned out。turn up意为“出现, 露面”;turn off意为“关掉”;turn over意为“翻开”, 均不符合语境逻辑。

11. A 由isn't good at expressing himself可以推出空档表示“使被理解”, 因此应填get across。

12. D 由is still a secret可以推出空档表示“把泄露出去”, 因此应用giveaway短语。give up意为“放弃”;give out意为“放出、发出, 累倒、垮下来, 耗尽、用完, 发表”;give off意为“放出、发出”, 均与语境逻辑不吻合。

13. B 由but的转折性逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“拒绝”, 因此应填turned down。

14. D 由主语和宾语之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“使回忆起, 使想起”, 因此应填called up。call on意为“号召, 拜访”;call off意为“取消”;call for意为“叫某人同往某处, 要求”, 均与语境逻辑不吻合。

15. D 由when可以推出空档表示“开始, 着手”, 又因空档后面为动词-ing形式settling, 因此应填set about。set out虽有“着手”之意, 但后面只能接不定式作宾语, 因此A错误。set off意为“引爆, 出发”;set up意为“建立, 创立, 搭建, 张贴”, 均与语境逻辑不吻合。

16. D 由主语和宾语之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“调查”, 因此应填looking into。look through意为“透过看, 看透、识破”;look up意为“查找”;look round意为“环顾”, 均不符合语境逻辑。

17. C 由主语和宾语之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“占据”, 因此应填take up。take in意为“吸收, 欺骗”;take on意为“呈现, 雇用”;take over意为“接管, 夺取”, 均不符合语境逻辑。

18. B 由主语和宾语之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“占据份额”, 因此应填make up。

19. C 由after he retires可以推出空档表示“接管”, 因此应填take over。

20. D 由by a fallen tree on the street可以推出空档表示“阻挡, 使停顿”, 因此应填held up。hold back意为“阻止, 隐瞒, 抑制”;hold on意为“继续, 抓住不放, 坚持, (打电话时) 不挂”;hold out意为“伸出, 坚持、不退让, 支持, 维持”, 均与语境逻辑不吻合。

21. C 由work really hard可以推出空档表示“腾飞”, 因此应填take off。

22. B 由主语和宾语之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“需要”, 因此应填calls for。

23. D 分析主语和宾语之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“呈现”, 因此应填taken on。

24. A 由lying on the ground可以推出空档表示“将 () 捡起”, 因此应用pick up短语。bring up意为“抚养, 抚育”;pull up意为“拔起 (树、草等) ”;hang up意为“把挂起来, 挂断 (电话) ”, 均与语境逻辑不吻合。

25. C 由主语和宾语之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“参考”, 因此应用refer to短语。stick to意为“坚持”;object to意为“反对”;point to意为“指向”, 均不符合语境逻辑。

26. C 由seriously ill可以推出空档表示“派人去请”, 因此应填send for。run for意为“竞选”;call for意为“需要, 叫某人同往某处”;ask for意为“要求获得”, 均与语境逻辑不吻合。

27. B 分析主语和宾语之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“挣得”, 因此应填bring in。get in意为“收割”;turn in意为“上交”;hand in意为“上交”, 均与语境逻辑不吻合。

28. B 由all his efforts与his work之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“被用于”, 因此应填devoted。be reduced to意为“被沦为, 被减少到”;be referred to意为“被参考, 被提起, 被涉及”;be applied to意为“被用于”, 均与语境逻辑不吻合。

29. A 由主语和宾语之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“有利于”, 因此应填makes for。

30. B 分析主语和宾语之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“与一致”, 因此应用agree with短语。go with意为“与相配”;do with, deal with意为“对待, 处理”, 均与语境逻辑不吻合。

31. D 由so dark可以推出空档表示“辨认”, 因此应用make out短语。figure out意为“理解, 计算出”;point out意为“指出”;carry out意为“贯彻, 执行”, 均与语境逻辑不吻合。

32. B 由hurt his left knee可以推出空档表示“中途退出”, 因此应填drop out。fall out意为“掉落”;leave out意为“遗漏”;go out意为“熄灭”, 均与语境逻辑不吻合。

33. C 由主语和宾语之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“增强”, 因此应填build up。

34. A 由A new street will soon be built here可以推出空档表示“被拆除”, 因此应填pulled down。take down意为“拿下, 记下”;put down意为“镇压, 记下”;turn down意为“拒绝, 将音量调低”, 均与语境逻辑不吻合。

35. D 由really suitable可以推出空档表示“申请”, 因此应填apply for。

36. D attach importance to 意为“重视”, 与语境逻辑吻合。attractto意为“把吸引到”, 与语境逻辑不吻合;attainto与attendto均不存在。

37. A 由主语和宾语之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“适用于”, 因此应填apply to。appeal to意为“受欢迎, 取悦于”;adapt to, adjust to意为“适应”, 均与语境逻辑不吻合。

38. A a good place of interest暗示空档表示“渴望”, 因此应填look forward to。look back to意为“回顾”;date back to意为“追溯到”;get down to意为“着手”, 均不符合语境逻辑。

39. A get away with意为“做坏事未被惩罚”, 符合语境逻辑。break away from意为“脱离 (政党) , 打破 (陈规) , 改掉 (习惯) , 奋力挣脱”;get away from意为“逃脱”;do away with意为“废除”, 均不符合语境逻辑。

40. C 由主语和宾语之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“提出”, 因此应填came up with。keep up with, catch up with意为“赶上”;end up with意为“以告终”, 均与语境逻辑不吻合。

41. D live up to意为“遵照, 不辜负”, 符合语境逻辑。get down to意为“开始”;look up to意为“尊敬”;look forward to意为“向往”, 均不符合语境逻辑。

42. A 由It's getting very late可以推出该空表示“开始”, 因此应填get down to。get along with意为“与相处, 在取得进展”;catch up with意为“赶上”;put up with意为“忍受”, 均不符合语境逻辑。

43. A 分析主语和宾语之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“回顾”, 因此应填look back to。

44. B 由proud可以推出空档表示“瞧不起”, 因此应填looks down upon。

45. A one of our best teachers暗示空档表示“尊敬”, 因此应填look up to。

46. A 由but的转折性逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“以告终”, 因此应填ended up with。

47. C 由a difficult social problem可以推出空档表示“对待”, 且与how形成搭配, 因此应填deal with。do with虽可表示“对待, 处理”, 但应与what形成搭配, 因此B错误。

48. A 由all可以推出空档表示“遗漏”, 因此应用leave out短语。let out意为“放出、发出, 泄露, 出租”;rule out意为“排除”;drop out意为“中途退出”, 均与语境逻辑不吻合。

49. D 由主语和宾语之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“执行”, 因此应填carry out。

50. B 分析主语和宾语之间的逻辑关系可以推出空档表示“引爆”, 因此应填set off。set aside意为“把搁在一边, 不顾, 拨出”;set up意为“建立, 创立, 张贴, 搭起”;set out意为“出发, 开始”, 均不符合语境逻辑。