unit1综合教程答案

unit1综合教程答案（精选6篇）

unit1综合教程答案 第1篇

Unit 1

Active reading 1 Match the words and expressions in the boxwith their definitions.1 to make a sincere statement that you are telling the truth(swear)2 a piece of flesh that connects bones and moves a particular part of yourbody(muscle)3 to make you admire or respect someone(impress)4 to drink in small amounts(sip)5 a period of time between two events(gap)6 to arrive somewhere and give your personal details to the person workingat the reception desk(check in)5 Replace the underlined words with thecorrect form of the words and expressions in the box.There was only just enough room for two people.(barely)2 Be careful or you’ll accidentally pour your drink down your clothes.(spill)3 He was completely unaware of what to do in the library.(ignorant)4 She was very clever and got excellent grades.(intelligent)5 You write your name on the list to join the club.(sign up)6 She tells me that she’s definitely read the book.(assures)She assures me that she’s read the book.I need to go and buy some tea, I have finished it all.(run out of)I need to go and buy some tea, I have run out of it.6 Answer the questions about the words andexpressions.Is a warden likely to be(a)a teacher at the college, or(b)someonewho looks after the hall of residence? 2 Is a tutor likely to be(a)a teacher, or(b)astudent? 3 If you go along somewhere, do you(a)go to aplace and join other people there, or(b)walk a long way to get to a place? 4 If you rent out a room, do you(a)paint and decorate it, or(b)allow itto be used by someone who pays you regularly to use it? Active reading 2

Dealing with unfamiliar words Replace the underlined words with thecorrect form of the words in the box.1 When he speaks, people notice that he sounds Irish.(detect)2 Frank McCourt had read a lot of books which was deserving respect consideringhe had no high school education.(admirable)3 You can tell the students on the underground trains by the number ofbooks they carry.(subways)4 The woman in the admissions office suggests that his European educationis not good enough.(inadequate)5 The professor was writing very quickly in his notebook.(scribbling)6 Many immigrants came to America to escape extremely bad treatmentbecause of their race, religion or political beliefs in their own countries.(persecution)5 Answer the questions about the expressions.I’m in heaven Does this mean I’m(a)delighted, or(b)unhappy? ideas don’t drop fully formed from the skies Does this mean thatideas(a)need to be developed with careful thinking, or(b)areimmediately created through good teaching? 3 in the long run Does this mean(a)at a timein the future, or(b)with a great deal of effort? 4 frighten the life out of someone Does this mean(a)to makesomeone very ill, or(b)to make someone extremely afraid andnervous? Language in use with / without Match the sentences with the uses of with /without.1(a)2(b)3(a)4(c)5(c)6(d)2 Rewrite the sentences using with / without.Her tutor moves his head from side to side.He spills his coffee intothe saucer.With his head moving from side to side, her tutor spills his coffee intothe saucer.2 “Splendid,” he says.He doesn’t wait for an answer.“Splendid,” he says, without waiting for an answer.3 Frank McCourt speaks in class.He has an Irish accent.Frank McCourt speaks in class with an Irish accent.4 He plans to go on the subway.He has the books covered in purple andwhite NYU jackets.He plans to go on the subway with the books covered in purple and whiteNYU jackets.5 He’s only allowed to take two courses.He isn’t told why.He’s only allowed to take two courses without being told why.He would like to ask a question.He doesn’t like to raise his hand.He would like to ask a question without raising his hand.collocations Read the explanations of the words andexpressions.Answer the questions.climb When you climb into / out of / throughsomething, you do it with difficulty.(a)So why does the writer’s father climb out of the room? Because the room is very small.(b)Why would you climb into bed? You would climb into bed if you are so tired that it feels like a hugeeffort.(c)If you climb through a hole, what do you do with your body? You would probably need to bend over, and crawl through the hole.2 spill This word usually suggests several ideas: liquid,accidentally, movement and out of control.(a)What has happened if you’ve spilt coffee all over your desk? You have accidentally knocked over a cup / mug and the coffee has gone(uncontrolled)all over the desk.(b)What has happened if toys spilt out all over the carpet? The toys are in a container, such as a box, and either the box is too fullso some toys are falling out onto the carpet, or the box has been tipped over so most of the toys havefallen out of the box.(c)What might be happening if crowds were spilling out of the bars andrestaurants? Many people would be leaving the bars and restaurants all at once,probably because they were closing for the night.3 join When you join something, you become part of it.Thewriter joins a queue, and several clubs.(a)When might someone join a band? When they can play a musical instrument and want to play with others.(b)What has happened if you join the unemployed? You have lost your job and become unemployed.(c)What do you do when you join in? You do the same activity that most other people are doing.4 burst into This phrase suggests that something suddenly happens,or someone suddenly starts doing something.(a)What does the writer suddenly start doing when she bursts intotears? The writer suddenly starts crying.(b)What bursts into bloom? Flowers, when they emerge from buds.(c)What do you do when something bursts into flames? Put out the flames immediately if you can, or keep well clear and call theemergency services(the fire brigade).5 clean This word usually suggests several ideas: not dirty, notillegal or wrong, without problems, inoffensive.(a)If you’ve got a clean licence, what have or haven’t you done?

This refers to a driving licence.It means that you have been drivingsafely or at least you have no penalty points on the licence – a person gets such points as a punishmentafter breaking the law on the roads, eg speeding or causing an accident, and the licence then has anote on it(it’s not “clean”)

and the police have a record.(b)If you use clean language, what do you avoid saying? You avoid using swear words or other examples of bad language.(c)If something has a clean bill of health, is it healthy orworking correctly? Here this phrase is used metaphorically and means something is workingproperly, for example, a car might have a clean bill of health, after a check or test thatit is working properly.6 easy This word usually suggests that something is not difficultor doesn’t need much work.It can also suggest that a person is confident,happy and not worried about anything.(a)If someone is easy-going, how do they behave with other people? An easy-going person behaves in a relaxed, calm manner with othersand is happy to accept things without getting worried or angry.(b)If someone is easy on the eye, how do they look? A person who is easy on the eye is pleasant to look at inappearance and in the way they dress.(c)If something is easier said than done, is it more or lessdifficult to do? When something is easier said than done, it is easy to talk about,but difficult to achieve.(d)If someone tells you to “Take it easy”, what are they tellingyou to do? When they tell you to “Take it easy” they can mean either of twothings: You should rest and not do things that will make you tired, or you should keep calm, being less upsetor angry.4 Complete the sentences using thecollocations in Activity 3.If ever I spill out of my clothes, it’s because I have put on a lot of weight and my clothesdon’t fit me any more.2 The last time someone made me burst into tears was when I was asmall child and someone hurt me.3 I always use clean language when I talk to my teachers or parents.4 It was easier said than done when someone suggested that we should put the flag on thetop of the mountain.5 I’ll never forget the time when I had to climb through a window becauseI was locked out of the house.6 Unfortunately I spilt water over myassignment, so I had to print another copy.7 When my friends suggested that they wanted to play football on thebeach, I decided to join in.8 When the cherry trees burst into bloom, I think of myvisit to Japan two years ago.9 I would only lose my clean licence if ever I had acar accident in which I was driving under the influence of alcohol.10 The people I think are easy on the eye are attractiveand pleasant to look at.5 Translate the sentences into Chinese.1 Finally, with my mother red in the face and short of breath, we find Room8, I unlock the door, and we all walk in.等我们终于找到8号房间的时候，妈妈已经涨红了脸，累得上气不接下气。我打开门锁，我们都走了进去。2 She impresses me, and I feel so ignorant that I shouldn’t even breathethe same air as her.她给我留下了深刻的印象，我觉得自己太无知了，甚至不配跟她呼吸同样的空气。I don’t know why I have to be introduced to literature but the woman inthe admissions office says it’s a requirement even though I’ve read Dostoyevskyand Melville and that’s admirable for someone without a high school education.我不知道为什么我非得了解文学。可是招生办公室的那位女士说，虽然我读过陀思妥耶夫斯基和梅尔维尔的小说，虽然一个没上过高中的人能读这些书的确令人敬佩，但这门课是必修课。I’m in heaven and the first thing to do is buy the required textbooks,cover them with the purple and white NYU book jackets so that people in thesubway will look at me admiringly.我乐得飘飘然了，第一件事就是去买所需要的课本，然后用纽约大学紫白相间的护封把它们套起来，这样地铁里的乘客就会向我投来艳羡的目光了。Then the professor tells us ideas don’t drop fully formed from theskies, that the Pilgrims were, in the long run, children of the Reformationwith an accompanying world-view and their attitudes to children were soinformed.接着，教授告诉我们，观念并不是从天而降的现成品。从长远来看，清教徒是宗教改革运动的 产物，他们继承了宗教改革运动的世界观，并且他们对孩子的态度也由此体现了宗教改革运动 的思想。Translate the sentences into English.他们对业余剧社的介绍给苏菲留下了深刻的印象，于是她就报了名。(Amateur Dramatics;sign up for)Theirintroduction of Amateur Dramatics impressed Sophie so much that she signed upfor it.2 网络教育为全职人员提供了利用业余时间接受继续教育的机会。(work full time)Onlineeducation provides those who work full time with opportunities to receivefurther education in their spare time.3 刚上大学时，他不知道是否需要把老师讲的内容一字不落地都记下来。(be supposed to;scribble down)When hefirst arrived at university, he was not sure whether he was supposed toscribble down every word out of the professor’s mouth.4 没有人觉察出他隐藏在笑容背后的绝望。(detect)No onedetects his despair well hidden behind his smile.5 有些学生能轻松自如地与陌生人交谈，可有些学生却很难做到这一点。(be easy about)Somestudents are easy about talking with strangers, while some others find it hardto do so.Unit 2

Active reading one

Dealing with unfamiliar words 3 Match the words in the box with theirdefinitions.honest about the situation or your opinions, even if this offends people(frank)2 a place that many people go to for a holiday(resort)3 tasting extremely good(yummy)4 containing a lot of liquid, so tasting good(juicy)5 dark in a way that makes you feel sad or a little afraid(gloomy)6 lack of experience of life(innocence)7 the ability to understand and make good judgments about something(perception)8 ideas, behaviour, or statements that are not true or sensible(nonsense)4 Replace the underlined words with thecorrect form of the words in the box.1 The waves were very large in size as they fell onto the beach.(enormous)2 There was so much seafood that it was holding tightly onto the plate.(clinging)3 In the area of land where they were visiting, it wasn’t usual to eatfish and chips.(region)4 When he had eaten the shellfish, he got rid of the shells.(discarded)5 To eat shellfish you need special tools to break open the shells and digout the food.(implements;crack;scrape)6 The boy was especially fond of his mother’s bread and cakes from theoven.(baking)7 Because they’re smooth, wet and quite difficult to hold, it’s quite achallenge to try your first oysters.(slippery)5 Answer the questions about the words in thebox.1 Which word means feeling?(emotion)2 Which word means a feeling that a situation is so bad that there’s nothingyou can do to change it?(despair)3 Which word means to say you’re not happy with someone or something?(complain)4 Which word describes how your face looks when you’re annoyed or worriedabout something?(frown)5 Which word describes something that is unpleasant to taste, smell orsee?(nasty)6 Which word means to say something to someone in order to have fun byembarrassing or annoying them slightly?(tease)Active reading 2

Dealing withunfamiliar words Answer the questions about the words andexpressions in the box.Is something stimulating likely to make you feel(a)moreactive, or(b)more passive? 2 Are the properties of chocolate likely to be(a)itsfeatures, or(b)the way it’s made? 3 If one thing accounts for another, does it explain(a)themeaning of it, or(b)the reason for it? 4 Is something that is manufactured something(a)handmade, or(b)made in afactory? 5 If chocolate helps release hormones from the brain, does it(a)help causehormones to leave the brain, or(b)contain hormones, then let them go? 6 If you crush something, do you(a)press itstrongly, or(b)squeeze it gently? 7 If you have inherited something, have you got it from(a)society, or(b)your parents? 8 When something melts, does it become(a)solid, or(b)liquid? 9 When you confess something, would you(a)tellpeople, or(b)not tell them? 5 Replace the underlined words with thecorrect form of the words in the box.For a(1)product which you enjoy but don’t really need, chocolate is extremely(2)beneficial to your health.Chocolate as we know it today first appeared inthe 1800s, when liquid chocolate was poured into a(3)shaped container to cooland become solid.Then the chocolate(4)maker Lindt discovered how to make chocolate(5)break easily by adding extra cocoa butter, and Daniel Peter first made milkchocolate using milk which had been(6)concentrated and then mixed with cocoa paste,which gave it a smoother(7)taste.But the(8)appeal for so many people ofchocolate is both an(9)inherited(10)characteristic and an effect of the 300chemicals it contains, including vitamins.Key:(1)luxury(2)nourishing(3)mould(4)manufacturer(5)snap(6)condensed(7)flavour(8)popularity(9)genetic(10)trait

Language in use

giving extrainformation 1 Rewrite the sentences.The restaurant was in a French seaside resort by the Atlantic Ocean.Youget excellent seafood from the Atlantic Ocean.The restaurant was in a French seaside resort by the Atlantic Ocean, whereyou get excellent seafood.2 My father had decided to take me for lunch to a restaurant.He wanted meto try my first oyster.My father, who wanted me to try my first oyster, had decided to take mefor lunch to a restaurant.3 The oyster was unlike anything I have ever tasted before or since.Itwas slippery.The oyster, which was slippery, was unlike anything I have ever tastedbefore or since.4 Chocolate is made from the beans of the cacao tree, Theobroma cacao.Theobroma cacao means “food of the gods”.Chocolate is made from the beans of the cacao tree, Theobroma cacao, whichmeans “food of the gods”.The world’s best-selling type of chocolate, milk chocolate, didn’tappear until the end of the 19th century.Milk chocolate is sweeter and smoother than dark chocolate.The world’s best-selling type of chocolate, milk chocolate, which issweeter and smoother than dark chocolate, didn’t appear until the end of the 19th century.Daniel Peter perfected the process of making milk chocolate.He was Swiss.Daniel Peter, who was Swiss, perfected the process of making milkchocolate.leaving out words Rewrite the sentences.1...and the waiter had already brought an enormous portion of seafood, crabs,prawns, lobsters and all sorts of shellfish which were clinging onto each other......and the waiter had already brought an enormous portion of seafood, crabs,prawns, lobsters and all sorts of shellfish clinging onto each other...2 On his plate was a pile of discarded lobster claws, and alongside was abattery of implements which were used to crack the shells...On his plate was a pile of discarded lobster claws, and alongside was abattery of implements used to crack the shells...3 The next development was learning how to get cocoa butter from the beans,a process which was first tried in 1825.The next development was learning how to get cocoa butter from the beans,a process first tried in 1825.4 Condensed milk is a thick, sweet milk which is sold in cans.Condensed milk is a thick, sweet milk sold in cans.5 Hormones are a chemical substance which is produced by your body.Hormones are a chemical substance produced by your body.word formation Form new words with the following words andthe prefixes / suffixes in the table.air – airsick car – carsick fiction – non-fiction help – helpful sea – seasick shop – shopaholic smoker – non-smoker spoon – spoonful stop – non-stop work – workaholic 4 Answer the questions with the words youformed in Activity 3.What’s the word for: how you feel if the sea makes you ill?(seasick)2 someone who likes shopping a lot?(shopaholic)3 what something is if it is useful and providing help?(helpful)4 what a flight is if it goes directly from one place to another?(non-stop)5 someone who doesn’t smoke?(non-smoker)6 writing which is about real people and events, not imaginary ones?(non-fiction)5 Translate the sentences into Chinese.Outside the skies were grey and a strong wind was blowing off the sea.It looked as gloomy as I felt.外面，天空灰蒙蒙的，海面上刮来一阵强风。天气看起来和我的心情一样阴郁。“Now, stop complaining, try one oyster for me, then you can have somethingnice and easy to eat, maybe some prawns with bread and butter,” he suggested,striking a note of compromise for the first time during the whole meal.“好啦，别抱怨了，就给我尝一只牡蛎，然后你就可以吃些好吃、顺口的东西，比如对虾加黄油面包。”他提议说。吃了这么长时间的饭，他的话中第一次有了妥协的意思。But with the clear conception which only a ten-year-old boy can have, Istill understood that the compromise included eating that oyster, sitting on the side of my father’splate.但是，尽管清晰地感觉到了他的妥协——只有一个十岁的男孩才有这样的感觉，我仍然明白这妥协包含着吃掉那只牡蛎，那只放在我父亲的盘子边上的牡蛎。The chocolate sets into bars which will easily snap into pieces and thenmelt in the mouth.（添加了可可油后）巧克力凝固成易折断的条块，入口即化。But what accounts for its amazing popularity or even the properties thathave made millions of peopleconfess to being chocaholics? 但是，是什么原因使得巧克力出奇地畅销？又是什么原因导致了巧克力的上瘾特性，使无数人承认自己是巧克力迷呢？ Translate the sentences into English.他们这儿不卖薯条，如果你想吃，得去肯德基或麦当劳。(serve)They don’t serve chips / French fries here.If you want them, you have togo to a KFC or McDonald’s.他拣起一个核桃，想用锤子把它砸开，可没想到却把它砸碎了。(crack;crush)He picked up a walnut and tried to crack it with a hammer, but instead hecrushed it.3 当金子加热融化后，他们把金水倒进模子，铸成金条。(melt;mould)When the gold was heated and melted, they poured it into a mould to form agold bar.4 他承认是他打破了教室的窗玻璃。(admit to)He admitted to breaking the window of the classroom.5 令我们欣喜的是，新的经济计划开始对经济发展产生积极影响。(have „ effecton)

To our delight, the new economic policy is beginning to have a positive effecton the economy.Unit 3

Active reading one

Dealing with unfamiliar words Match the words in the box with theirdefinitions.to move your body so it is closer to or further from someone orsomething(lean)2 a total amount made by adding several numbers or amounts together(sum)3 the ability to think about and plan for the future, using intelligenceand imagination(vision)4 used for emphasizing that something refers to one specific situation(particularly)5 a feeling that you do not trust someone or something(suspicion)6 to press or move your hands or an object over a surface(rub)5 Answer the questions about the words andexpressions in the box.If you are doing an advanced course in something, is it at(a)a highlevel, or(b)a low level? 2 If you peer at something, is it(a)difficult, or(b)easy tosee? 3 If you get a glimpse of something, do you see it(a)clearly andfor a long time, or(b)not very clearly and for a short time? 4 Is a radical idea(a)traditional and widely accepted, or(b)new anddifferent?(This word indicates some fundamental changes in ideas or actions.)5 If you are in agony about something, do you feel(a)in painand uncomfortable, or(b)happy and comfortable? 6 If you do something in the presence of someone, are they(a)with you, or(b)somewhere else? 7 If someone affirmed something, did they(a)show theyrespect and approve of it, or(b)not respect or disapprove of it? 8 If you do something on purpose, do you(a)mean to doit, or(b)do itby accident? 6 Complete the sentences with the correctform of the words and expressions in the boxes in Activities 4 and 5.Many people greet radical ideas with suspicion because they areafraid of change.2 Looking at the drawings of Leonardo da Vinci, you feel as if you are inthe presence of a genius whohad an extraordinary vision of the future.3 You need to peer closely at the figures on the board, particularly as thehandwriting is so bad.4 It doesn’t take an advanced level ofintelligence to realize that you need at least two numbers to be ableto workout the sum.5 If you lean forwards, you may see the star as he comes out of the theatre, but you’llprobably only catcha glimpse of him.I rubbed some medicine onto the wound hoping to stop the pain, but I’m still in agony.7 Tom’s excellent exam results affirmed the teacher’sfaith in his ability.8 The police think the fire was started on purpose.7 Answer the questions about the words andexpressions.If you thwart something, do you(a)stop it, or(b)encourage it? 2 If there is a dearth of something, is there(a)a lot of it, or(b)not enough? 3 Does unmitigated encouragement suggest(a)completely positive,or(b)slightly negative support? 4 If a teacher is maligned by their pupils, do you think they say(a)nice things, or(b)bad things about theteacher? 5 If you humiliate someone, do you make them feel(a)good, or(b)upset andembarrassed? 6 If someone speaks at length, do they speak(a)for a longtime, or(b)for a short time? 7 If something is prevalent, does it occur(a)often, or(b)notvery often?

Active reading 2

Dealing with unfamiliar words Match the words in the box with theirdefinitions.to connect or combine two or more things so that together they form aneffective unit(integrate)2 involving a lot of imagination and new ideas(creative)3 connecting ideas in a sensible way(logical)4 to move something from one place to another(transfer)5 expressing an opinion when you think something is wrong or bad(critical)(This definition is only one aspect of this word.Being critical does notalways refer to a negative aspect of something.Ss can look in a dictionary forother definitions.)6 working well and producing the result that was intended(effective)7 to recognize something and understand exactly what it is(identify)8 to create or produce(generate)9 to remember something(recall)5 Complete the passage with the correct formof the words in Activity 4.Writing an essay requires a number of special skills.One of these is to(1)transfer information from different sources into a single, short document.Another is to present anargument which is(2)logical and easy tounderstand.And, of course, to be(3)effective an essay shouldbe properly planned and researched.Luckily, the Internet can help you withthis research.Most students these days(4)integrate their own readingof a subject with Internet searches.But it is not easy to use the Internet.You should always be(5)critical of what you findand not just use the first web page.A quick search of the Web for a particulartopic may(6)generate thousands of hits, but you must be able to(7)identify the informationyou need.You should be able to(8)recall where you foundit too, because it is important to refer to your sources of information.Andfinally, you need to be(9)creative – because an essay should be an original piece of work.6 Replace the underlined words with thecorrect form of the words in the box.You may need to make other changes.Doing a doctorate makes it possible to become an expert in a particularfield.(specialize)2 I remember the main point of what he was saying, but I can’t rememberwhere it was we had the conversation.(thrust;the setting in which)3 It’s a very long and difficult book, and I’m afraid people may feel undergreat pressure when they turnthe first pages.(overwhelmed)4 Ours is a small university, but the teaching is organized in a sensibleand practical way.(rational)5 Students can get help with money.(financial)Students can get financial help.6 The amount of help is different from one university to another.(extent;varies)7 Answer the questions about the words andexpressions.If you hone a skill, do you(a)improve it, or(b)forgetit?(The word hone also indicates the improvement of a skill that isalready well-developed.)2 If you strike a balance between two things, do you(a)choose oneof them, or(b)find a middle way? 3 Is an open-ended discussion one which(a)doesn’tcome to a conclusion, or(b)anyone can join in? 4 If you assimilate information, are you likely to(a)take it inand use it effectively, or(b)analyze it and reject it asirrelevant? 5 Is something which is subjective likely to be based on(a)fact,or(b)your own feelings or ideas? 6 If you get bogged down in something, are you(a)enjoying it, or(b)not ableto get free from it? 7 Is a step-by-step approach likely to(a)jump to a conclusion, or(b)moveforwards slowly and logically?

Language in use much Match the sentences with the uses of much.1(b)2(c)3(a)2 Rewrite the sentences using not think muchof.1 I didn’t think that lesson was very good.I didn’t think much of that lesson.None of us like the timetable we’ve been given for this term.None of us think much of the timetable we’ve been given for this term.3 I’m afraid I’ve got strong doubts about what I’ve written.I’m afraid I don’t think much of what I’ve written.4 Our professor is always criticizing this book.Our professor doesn’t think much of this book.5 I don’t like the theme of this week’s essay.I don’t think much of the theme of this week’s essay.I don’t agree with Honey and Mumford’s ideas about learning types.I don’t think much of Honey and Mumford’s ideas about learning types.3 Complete the sentences using much rather ormuch prefer.1 I’d much rather work in thelibrary than in my room.2 Li would much rather study with afriend than on her own.3 Personally I much prefer taking notes to being givenphotocopies.4 Some people would much rather start writingstraight away than spend a lot oftime reading.Now write two more sentences about your ownstudy preferences.Use much rather and much prefer.• I would much rather listen to lecturesthan read the lecture notes.• I would much prefer asking questionsafter class to asking questions in class.4 Rewrite the sentences using much less.I can’t even say two words in Chinese, so I definitely can’t speak thelanguage.I can’t even say two words in Chinese, much less speak the language.Basic study skills are often not taught here, and certainly notpractised.Basic study skills are often not taught here, much less practised.3 Nobody has even started the essay, let alone finished it.Nobody has even started the essay, much less finished it.4 Hardly anyone in the room heard what the lecturer was saying, and so ofcourse they didn’t understand him.Hardly anyone in the room heard what the lecturer was saying, much lessunderstood him.5 I haven’t got a PC in my room, so obviously I haven’t got an Internetconnection.I haven’t got a PC in my room, much less an Internet connection.I didn’t dare say anything after the lesson, let alone criticize what hesaid.I didn’t dare say anything after the lesson, much less criticize what hesaid.while / when +participle 5 Rewrite the sentences.When you choose a course, think about the amount of study it willrequire.When choosing a course, you should think about the amount of study it willrequire.2 When you are writing an essay, you should keep in mind the main theme.When writing an essay, you should keep in mind the main theme.3 Always keep a record of your sources when you do research on theInternet.Always keep a record of your sources when doing research on the Internet.4 Our lecturer uses PowerPoint while he is explaining basic concepts.Our lecturer uses PowerPoint while explaining basic concepts.5 I had a brilliant idea while I was sitting in the library this morning.I had a brilliant idea while sitting in the library this morning.subject-verbinversion Rewrite the sentences using subject-verbinversion.If I had known what this week’s lecture was about, I wouldn’t have gone.Had I known what this week’s lecture was about, I wouldn’t have gone.2 I would have corrected the work, if I had noticed the mistake.I would have corrected the work had I noticed the mistake.3 If you had thought about this a little earlier, you wouldn’t be introuble now.Had you thought about this a little earlier, you wouldn’t be in troublenow.4 If he had shared his ideas with us, we would have made some progress.Had he shared his ideas with us, we would have made some progress.5 They would have improved the facilities, if they had received more moneyfrom the government.They would have improved the facilities had they received more money fromthe government.7 Complete the sentences about yourself usingthe inversion structure Had I + verb.1 I would have enjoyed myself more had I had ahigher university entrance exam score for computer science.2 Had I known about this football match, I would havemade different arrangements for the weekend.3 I wouldn’t have worked so hard had I known the exam was so easy.4 Had I received this college’s information earlier, I would havegone to a different college.8 Translate the sentences into Chinese.When was the last organizational vision statement you saw that includedthe words “„ to develop ourselves into a model environment in which everyone at every level canthink for themselves”?

“„„在我们周围逐渐创建出一个模型环境，使各个层次的人都有独立思考的空间。”你最后一次看到包含上述字眼的机构愿景陈述是在什么时候？ Had she affirmed our intelligence first and spoken about the joy of thinkingfor ourselves, had she not fanned our fear of her, we would all have learnedeven more powerfully what it meant to do our own thinking.And we might havebeen able to think well around her too.要是她一开始就肯定我们的聪明才智，给我们讲讲独立思考的乐趣，要是她没有激起我们对她的畏惧，我们大家就能更深切地体会到独立思考的意义。而且，我们在她面前也会更好地开动脑筋、思考问题。Like everyone else, students have their fair share of problems.Gettingto know a new environment, forming relationships with other students, and surviving on limitedfinancial resources are all typical problems.和其他人一样，学生们也有他们自己必须面对的问题。典型的问题包括熟悉新环境、与其他同学相处，以及靠有限的经济来源维持生活。Talk to some of your friends after a lecture or a tutorial and you willprobably find they remember different things about it – which may be more or less relevant to theteacher’s aims.下课后或个别指导后，如果你和朋友们聊一聊，你可能会发现他们所记住的东西不尽相同，但或多或少都与老师的教学目的相关。Effective reading requires you to vary your rate and style of readingaccording both to the type of reading material and your purpose in reading it.有效的阅读需要你根据不同的阅读材料和阅读目的来调整阅读的速度和方式。9 Translate thesentences into English.老师很有可能不欣赏不会独立思考的学生。(not think muchof „;think for oneself)It is most likely that teachers won’t think much of students who cannotthink for themselves.2 他上中学的时候，几乎没有什么人去做科学实验，更谈不上接受这方面的训练了。(hardly;much less)When he was in high school, hardly anyone did scientific experiments, muchless had training in this respect.3 嫉妒是由懒惰和无知造成的。(the result of„)Envy is the result of laziness and ignorance.4 有些大学生是根据自己的专业来选择志愿服务的，而不是碰到什么就做什么。(volunteer job;rather than)Rather than picking any volunteer job, some college students chooseactivities based on their majors.5 最好的办法就是把学生分成若干小组，让他们针对具体的问题进行讨论。(break up „ into„;focus on)

The best approach is to break the students up into several groups so that theycan focus their discussion on specific problems.Unit 4

Active reading 1

Dealing with unfamiliar words Answer the questions about the words fortelephoning.1 What do subscribers pay for? Subscribers pay for line rental so that they will be able to make phonecalls.In other contexts, they may pay for newspapers, magazines or being amember of a club or professional association.2 What part of the phone is the handset? The handset is the part that you hold in your hand.3 What can you do if you’re in range of a mobile signal? If you’re in range of a mobile signal, you can make and receive calls.4 What kind of phone is a house phone? A house phone is a landline phone(a fixed phone for the whole house).5 If you can use a mobile anywhere, where can you use a landline? You can use a landline only where there is a wire connection(thetelephone signals are carried by a line).6 What has happened if you receive voicemail? If you receive voicemail, it means that someone has left a spoken messagewhich has been recorded on your phone so that you can listen to it later.5 Replace the underlined words with thecorrect form of the words and expressions in the box.You may need to makeother changes.The businessman uses his mobile in his free time, while he mostly useshis landline at work.(whereas)2 The businessman and the working mother don’t consider their mobilephones to be a basic and important part of their lives.(essential)The businessman and the working mother don’t consider their mobile phonesto be an essential.3 When she didn’t have her mobile, she became confident and not afraid ofpeople.(bold)4 Nothing usually gets in the way of my social life, but on this occasion,not having a mobile phone meant I spent three days alone.(interfereswith)5 The passage describes the strong effect of mobile phones on their lives.(impact)6 Soon the mobile signal will be increased to cover the whole of London.(extended)6 Complete the paragraph with the correctform of the words in the box.Information technology in general and mobile phones in particular havebeen important in bringing about an(1)utter change to our lifestyles.But the problem with mobile phones is that theycan(2)distract you from doing your job.The businessman gives his mobile phone number to(3)practically everyone he knows.Without his mobile, he isn’t necessarily able to do thingsimpulsively.He(4)speculates that he could give up his mobile, but life would be rather(5)tedious and dull withoutit.The schoolgirl has to make social arrangements on thelandline at home in order to avoid having a(6)solitary life for a few days.At firstthe working mother thinks it’s(7)risky not to have amobile phone, as her family might be in danger.Herfirst(8)impulse is to worry that they couldn’t contact her, although they think she’smaking a(9)fuss about not having a mobile.Finally she feels it is like(10)therapy when no one interruptsher.Active reading 2

Dealing with unfamiliar words Match the words in the box with theirdefinitions.the distance from one side of an object to the other(breadth)2 a hit or knock to a part of your body(bump)3 slightly nervous, worried, or upset about something(uneasy)4 strange and unusual, sometimes in a way that upsets you(weird)5 thinking seriously about something(thoughtful)6 a feeling that you do not understand something or cannot decide what todo(confusion)7 the attitude of someone who is willing to accept someone else’s beliefs,way of life etc without criticizing them even if they disagree with them(tolerance)8 the ability to notice things(awareness)9 to include something as a necessary part of an activity, event or situation(involve)5 Replace the underlined words with thecorrect form of the words in the box.When you meet people from other cultures, there will be many(1)timeswhen someone behaves in a way which you(2)notice as being unusual, but whichis(3)acceptable in their culture.If it(4)attracts your(5)attention, it’s all right to(6)ask about cultural differences,because people are(7)usually happy to(8)reply.But don’t worry if you areunsure about what to do or what to say.Just remember that finding out aboutcultural differences should give you pleasure and not(9)unhappiness anddiscomfort.Key:(1)occasions(2)perceive(3)conventional(4)arouses(5)curiosity(6)inquire(7)generally(8)respond(9)misery

Language in use it + passive voice Rewrite the sentences using it + passivevoice.Russell Crowe couldn’t get a call out to Australia.Someone said this.It was said that Russell Crowe couldn’t get a call out to Australia.2 Mobile phones have been the biggest factor of change in everyday behaviourin Britain over the past 15 years.Someone has claimed this.It has been claimed that mobile phones have been the biggest factor of changein everyday behaviour in Britain over the past 15 years.3 When told “Have a nice day!”, an Englishman replied “I’m sorry, I’vemade other arrangements.”

Someone reported this.It was reported that when told “Have a nice day!”, an Englishman replied“I’m sorry, I’ve made other arrangements.” 4 You don’t need to say “Thank you” in Spanish as much as you do inEnglish.Someone has suggested this.It has been suggested that you don’t need to say “Thank you” in Spanish asmuch as you do in English.5 Disneyland is a typically American place.Someone thinks this.It is thought that Disneyland is a typically American place.6 Good communication is as stimulating as black coffee.Someone hasbelieved this.It has been believed that good communication is as stimulating as blackcoffee.over Complete the sentences about yourself usingover.I’ve owned a mobile phone over the last three years or so.2 Over the winter I’ve called my parents every week.Over the summer my best friends and I wenttravelling to South China.4 Over the last semester my social life has been very limited:I think I need a better study-life balance.5 Over the last year the number of people from different culturesI’ve met is quite extraordinary, compared to the few I met in middle school.6 Over the last two weeks my favourite expression in English has been “Go on, youcan do it!”

emphatic structures with what Rewrite the sentences using the emphaticstructure with what.1 Life can be solitary without a mobile phone.I rediscovered this.What I rediscovered was that life can be solitary without a mobile phone.2 My mobile phone is an essential, not a luxury.I think this.What I think is that my mobile phone is an essential, not a luxury.3 The people who needed to, got hold of me.I found this.What I found was that the people who needed to, got hold of me.4 People kiss each other four times.This happens in Paris.What happens in Paris is that people kiss each other four times.5 By not saying “Thank you” so often, he was perceived to be rude.Hedidn’t understand this.What he didn’t understand was that by not saying “Thank you” so often, hewas perceived to be rude.4 Translate the sentences into Chinese.1 Mobile phones have been the biggest factor of change in everyday behaviourin Britain over the past 15 years.Today it is thought that there are more than55 million mobile phone subscribers, a rise from less than 10 million in 1997.在过去的15年里，手机已成为改变英国人日常行为方式的最主要的因素。据估计，目前英国手机用户已超过5,500万，而在1997年还不足1,000万。Now it has been announced that the signal range throughout London willbe extended, nowhere in London will be beyond the reach of a mobile phone, noteven the Underground.现在有消息说，伦敦的手机信号覆盖范围将拓展延伸。以后，在伦敦的每一个角落都有手机信号，就连地铁也不例外。This subject of research aroused my interest and took me the length andbreadth of France.这个研究话题激起了我的兴趣，为此，我走遍了法国各地。4 These episodes and incidents all involve a cultural bump, somethingwhich you notice usually with curiosity, usually with pleasure, occasionally with shock orembarrassment.这些插曲、事件都包含着文化碰撞，使你感到好奇、愉悦，但偶尔也会让你感到震惊或尴尬。5 But it’s not a matter of knowing all the conventions and rituals indifferent cultures.It’s impossible

to collect all the information you might need to be relaxed in the manydifferent cultures around the world.但是这不等于说我们需要悉数掌握不同文化的风俗习惯和礼仪。丰富的知识能使你自如地应对世界各国不同的文化，但是你不可能掌握全部必备的知识。5 Translate the sentences into English.据估计，目前中国4亿手机用户中，有大约一半人的隐私受到了威胁。(it is estimatedthat „;privacy)

It is estimated that today, the privacy of half of the 0.4 billion mobilephone subscribers is in danger.2 人们在购买生活必需品上的花费越少，他们安排的诸如旅游等娱乐活动就越多。(the less „ the more„)

The less people spend on daily necessities, the more arrangements they willmake for leisure activities, such as travelling.3 对我来说，旅游最大的好处就是可以去不同的地方，了解不同文化背景下人们的生活方式以及传统习俗。(What Iespecially like about „ is „)What I especially like about travelling is that I can go to differentplaces and learn about particular lifestyles, conventions and customs in different cultures.4 在大多数情况下，文化碰撞激起的是人们对不同文化的好奇心，只有在极少数情况下，文化碰撞会造成尴尬。(culture bump;on rare occasions)In most cases, cultural bumps arouse people’s curiosity about different cultures.Only on rare occasions can they cause embarrassment.5 你可以保留自主选择的权利，但作为一个成年人，你做事不要冲动。(reserve theright to;act on impulse)You can reserve the right to make your own choices, but as an adult, youshould not act on impulse.

unit1综合教程答案 第2篇

Unit One

Changes in the Way We Live

Text A Content Questions

(P10)1.Write and live on a farm.2.Because they grow nearly all of their fruits and vegetables.They have enough eggs, honey and wood.They are very close to nature and can enjoy the beautiful scenery.Besides, they can go skiing and skating in winter.3.No.Sometimes the good life can get pretty tough.4.They were buried under five feet of snow from December through March.5.When the first spring came, it brought two floods.The second flood refers to the good harvest in the growing season.6.He decided to quit his job and start to freelance.7.He has to crawl into black bear dens for “Sports Illustrated”, hitch up dogsled racing teams for “Smithsonian” magazine, check out the Lake Champlain “monster” for “Science Digest”, and canoe through the Boundary Waters Wilderness area of Minnesota for “Destinations”.8.As for insurance, they have only bought a poor man’s major-medical policy and the policy on their two cars.9.They cut back their expenses without appreciably lowering their standard of living.For example, they patronize local restaurants instead of more expensive places in the city.They still attend the opera and ballet but only a few times a year.They eat less meat, drink cheaper wine and see fewer movies.10.A tolerance for solitude and lots of energy.11.They will leave with a feeling of sorrow but also with a sense of pride at what they have been able to accomplish.12.They chose to live in the country because they want to improve the quality of their lives.Yes, they have finally realized their dreams.Text Organization

(P11)Part One(paragraphs 1—3)The writer views his life in the country as a self-reliant and satisfying one.Part Two

(paragraphs 4—7)Life in the country is good yet sometimes very hard.Part Three(paragraphs 8—11)After quitting his job, the writer’s income was reduced, but he and his

family were able to manage to get by.Part Four(paragraphs 12—15)A tolerance for solitude and a lot of energy have made it possible for the

family to enjoy their life in the country.Happy Moments and Events 1)growing nearly all their fruits and vegetables 2)canoeing, picnicking, long bicycle rides, etc.3)keeping warm inside the house in winter

Keys to unit 1, book 3

New College English, Integrated Course

3.doubted 4.suspected 5.suspect

Word Formation(P19)

1)rise

2)final 3)regular 4)cash

5)hows and whys 6)upped 7)yellowed 8)bottled 9)lower 10)search

Cloze

1.Text-related(P20)1)gets by

2)temptation 3)get through 4)improvement 5)aside from 6)suspect 7)supplement 8)profit

9)stacking

2.Theme-related

(P21)1)replaced

2)consider 3)quit 4)world

5)tough

6)fuels 7)provide 8)luxuries 9)balance 10)ideal

Translation 1.Translate the sentences into English

(P21)1)We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it is fairly minor.2)My father died when I was too young to live on my own.The people of my hometown took over responsibility for my upbringing at that point.3)the toys have to meet strict safety requirements before they can be sold to children.4)Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of new and opinion.5)When it comes to this magazine, it is a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world.2.Translate the passage into English(P21)A decade ago, Nancy did what so many Americans dream about.She quit an executive position and opened a household device store in her neighborhood.People like Nancy made the decision primarily for the improvement in the quality of their lives.But, to run a business on a small scale is by no means an easy job.Without her steady income, Nancy had to cut back on her daily expenses.Sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the premiums for the various kinds of insurance she needed.Fortunately, through her own hard work, she has now got through the most difficult time.She is determined to continue pursuing her vision of a better life.Keys to unit 1, book 3

浅谈实用综合教程教学模式 第3篇

关键词：高职英语教学,教学方法手段,课堂训练

1 概述

在《高职高专教育英语课程教学基本要求》中明确提出“以实用为主, 以应用为目的”的教学思想, 英语课程的教学目的是“使学生掌握一定的英语基础知识和技能, 具有一定的听、说、读、写、译的能力, 从而能借助词典阅读和翻译有关英语业务资料, 在涉外交际的日常活动和业务活动中进行简单的口头和书面交流, 并为今后进一步提高英语的交际能力打下基础”。而且院领导也多次提出:要给学生创造一个和谐的教学气氛, 采用丰富多彩的教学手段, 让学生在轻松快乐的环境中学英语。因此, 在实际教学过程中, 总结一套适合学生又富于自己个性的教学方法就显得非常重要。为了提高学生的语言能力和综合运用能力, 在课堂教学中采取相应的教学手段, 是非常必要的。例如, 在笔者们的综合英语教学中, 如何贯穿听、说、读、写、译, 以实现大纲提出的英语教学目的, 值得笔者们去探索。

2 以《实用综合教程1》为例, 具体阐述笔者的教学方法

将实用综合教学内容分成三部分, 以第九单元Text A为例, 具体阐述如何进行课堂教学。

2.1课前热身

这指的是课堂练习之前的活动, 这项活动主要分成三小节:值日生报告、复习旧知识和导入。值日生报告是学生课前准备好的材料课前讲述, 老师根据值日生所讲述的内容提出问题让全班同学回答。让学生做值日报告的目的是训练学生的听力和应变能力, 有助于提高他们的英语口头表达能力。还因学生常常课前写好报告内容, 从而发挥了写作训练的作用。并且, 笔者还对学生的“报告稿”加以批改, 并将优秀的作品展示给全班同学, 给予他们鼓励, 激发学生写作的兴趣。

复习旧知识旨在通过引导学生对所学知识进行回顾、联想、归纳、概括等活动达到加深印象、巩固知识、发展技能的目的, 以提高学生的语言知识和语言技能实际运用能力。在本人的课堂教学中, 常用的活动方法是:听写单词、短语;根据课文回答问题;针对本单元语言点的补充练习。

导入是老师在一个新的教学内容和活动开始时, 组织学生进行课前的心理准备和知识准备, 引导学生进入学习的行为方式。用正确而巧妙的方法进行导入, 可以创造良好的英语氛围, 安定学生情绪, 激发学生学习兴趣和求知欲望, 从而把他们的注意力引导到指定的教学任务和程序中来。因此一堂课的成功与否与你所设计的导入有很大的关系。例如学习第一册第九单元Text A Christmas At Grandma’s, 笔者是通过多媒体展示关于圣诞节的一幅画, 画中白雪茫茫, 有可爱的雪人, 一栋温馨的house, 装饰非常漂亮的圣诞树。接着笔者又拿出一个圣诞老人模型提出几个问题“Who is this?Is he very old?Why doyou think so?”, 接着笔者又拿出一个铃铛摇几下问学生:“Whenyou hear the bell, do you remember a famous song about Christmaswhen Father Christmas comes?Would you like to listen to the songnow?”播放完Jingle Bell这支歌后, 把学生学习新课的兴趣调动起来了, 笔者把学生分成几组讨论以下的问题:“”Do you haveany idea how Christmas is celebrated in Western countries?通过笔者的提示, 学生们讨论得很热烈。在完成讨论后, 笔者还通过多媒体展示了几幅与圣诞节有关的图片, 如“candy canes, astrings of popcorn, electric lights, roast turkey, flaming plum pud⁃ding and pumpkin pie”等。通过层层提问、启发, 有意识引导学生关注课文内容, 学生对课文理解就容易多了。

2.2 课中活动

导入之后就得讲课文, 练课文。讲要借助于练而又推动练。在这环节中还是以学生为中心, 通过提问题、讨论方式进行教学。这环节主要有词汇学习和课文学习。词汇是语言三要素之一, 是语言“大厦”的“砖”和“瓦”。如何进行生动词汇教学, 让学生掌握并使用, 是学生尽快提高英语水平的必要条件。因此笔者在教学过程中注意巩固和检查所学词汇。笔者在讲词汇中, 常用的方法是笔者给出词义, 学生说出单词。如在本单元中, 笔者给出六个单词词义。“1) to take something away from the place where it is. (remove) , 2) to have something in your mind as a plan or purpose (intend) , 3) a member of your family (relative) , 4) shining strongly or with plenty of slight (bright) , 5) something pretty that you put onto something else in order to make it more attractive (decoration) , 6) tired and impatient because you do not think something is interesting (bored) ”, 让学生读本单元词汇并说出以上词义的单词。为了让学生学以致用, 快速掌握使用所学词的用法, 笔者以比赛形式让学生做以下选词填空。1) I was____by the lecture.2) They often visit friends and____at Christmas.3) Let’s_____the book from the table.4) I_____to give the CD back to you next time we meet.5) I bought many Christmas_____yesterday.6) It was a_____sunny day.学完词汇, 就要学生阅读文章, 培养学生的阅读理解能力。对于笔者们中国学生来说, 阅读是他们大量接触英语、学习英语的主要手段, 又是提高英语能力的重要方面。在本教材中, 笔者根据不同内容设计理解性学习, 变换提问的方式, 如有Multiple Choice, True or False, Finding the answers等。本单元的教学中, 阅读前笔者提出“导读问题如:Where did the writer celebrate his Christmas?What did the writer learn form the Christmas?”让学生带着问题快速阅读并进行简短讨论交换答案。通过提出问题、引出主题, 交代任务, 激发学生的阅读兴趣。接下来进行细读, 笔者提出更深、更细致的问题, 让学生进行细读。1) Where did the writer’s grandma and uncle live?2) How did the writer feel on the way to his grandmother’s?3) What was the writer’s best Christmas present?等包括文章具体内容和细节的问题, 学生通过细读找到问题答案, 并进行小组讨论交换意见, 检查答案。此环节的最后一步骤是讲解语言重、难点, 包括单词、词组和句子结构等提问并讲解。同时, 进行口头练习, 如运用单词、词组造句、中英文翻译。课中活动主要采取任务教学法, 向学生交代任务, 让学生自主解决问题, 相互讨论、交换意见, 充分调动学生使用语言和学习语言的积极性。

2.3 课后巩固

强化巩固要求学生运用所学知识和技能进行归纳和操练, 加强理解、记忆, 是课堂教学中必不可少的一部分。巩固练习的内容主要以课后练习、活动为主, 采用问答、翻译、写作、小组讨论、完成对话并上台表演, 来巩固所学知识。例如本单元笔者以下面两个问题做归纳:1) Why did the writer feel that it was going to be the worst Christmas when driving to the grandma’s house?2) What lesson do you think the writer learned from the ex⁃perience?本单元结束后, 笔者给出一些词汇如hometown, spend, parents, make dumplings, firecrackers等, 让学生围绕主题“How to spend the Chinese New Year’s Day”进行小组讨论, 写篇短文, 并每组选一名在班上演讲。在这环节中, 笔者主要采用“交流—互动”教学法, 让学生自己讨论、组际交流, 充分发挥他们的自主性、积极性, 让学生主动去发现问题、研究问题、探寻知识, 在程序式的学习过程中加深对知识的理解、巩固, 培养学生的思维能力及运用语言的能力。

3 结束语

高职高专的学生相对来说基础较差, 底子较薄, 学习兴趣不高, 学习气氛不浓厚。激发学生的学习兴趣, 点燃他们的学习热情是首要任务。因此, 通过这种内容和形式的改革, 在课堂中精心设计并实施适时、适量、适度的课堂活动, 为学生创设生动逼真的语言环境。鼓励学生积极参与, 从而全面提高学生实际使用语言的能力。最终达到全面提高高职英语教学水平的目的。

参考文献

[1]张正东, 黄泰铨.英语教学法双语教程[M].科学出版社1999.8:60-68.

[2]杨连瑞, 张德禄.二语习得研究与中国外语教学[M].上海外语教育出版社, 2007:198-208.

unit1综合教程答案 第4篇

A) 根据句意和首字母提示,完成下列单词(5分)

1. If you want to study in Japan, you should speak J____.

2. We have friends all over the w____.

3. Toronto is a city of C____.

4. Please tell me where Julie l____.

5. How many foreign l____ can Sarah speak?

B) 用所给单词的适当形式填空(5分)

6. Do you have brothers or ____ (sister)?

7. Please tell me about your school and ____ (your).

8. Jodie is from Japan and she can speak ____ (Japan).

9. Andrew likes ____ (live) in Beijing.

10. My friend likes ____(act) movies.

Ⅱ.单项选择(10分)

1. My good friends ____ from Shanghai.

A. isB. areC. comesD. to come

2. France is one of the best ____ in the world.

A. countriesB. citiesC. clubsD. schools

3. Andrew ____ to Sydney with his parents.

A. goB. goingC. goesD. to go

4. Where ____ Mr. King ____?

A. do; liveB. is, liveC. does; livesD. does; live

5. Maria ____ English very well because she is from Australia.

A. speaksB. speakC. speakingD. to speak

6. Tom ____ a brother and a sister.

A. haveB. getC. takesD. has

7. The boy likes ____ basketball very much.

A. playsB. playing C. to playD. play

8. Beijing is a big city ____ China.

A. inB. toC. onD. with

9. Sally wants ____ her friends on Sunday.

A. seesB. seeingC. to seeD. see

10. Math is too difficult. Jim ____ it.

A. likesB. dislikesC. livesD. wants

Ⅲ.句型转换(10分)

1. Mr. King is from the United States. (对划线部分提问)

____ is Mr. King ____?

2. Maria has some English books. (改为一般疑问句)

____ Maria ____ any English books?

3. My favorite subject is history. (对划线部分提问)

____ is ____ favorite subject?

4. Mrs. Li lives in Shanghai. (对划线部分提问)

____ ____ Mrs. Li live?

5. His sister dislikes sports. (改为同义句)

His sister ____ ____ sports.

Ⅳ.补全对话,根据上下文提示完成对话中的句子,每空一词(10分)

A: What are you doing, Li Ming?

B: I’m __1__ at the color photo.

A: __2__ is the boy?

B: He is my pen pal, Mike.

A: __3__ does he live?

B: He lives in Sydney, Australia.

A: __4__ old is he?

B: Oh, we are at the same age—fifteen.

A: He looks tall and strong.

B: Yes, he tells me he __5__ sports very much. And he is 1.72 meters tall now.

A: What __6__ his studying at school?

B: He is good __7__ math, English and science. He is interested in Chinese. He can

speak a __8__.

A: That’s __9__!I wish I could see him some day.

B: He’ll __10__ to China on summer vacation. We can have a good time and be good

friends.

A: I’m glad to hear that. Thanks a lot.

Ⅴ.完形填空(20分)

Kids in China wish they could __1__ pen pals of other countries where English is spoken. They can write to each other __2__ English. They can __3__ online, even telephone to each other. __4__ kids can invite their pen pals to come to China __5__ they are on vacation. They’ll have a good __6__ and be good friends. It is good for the Chinese kids to improve their English.

Many kids in the world want __7__ pen pals who are from China. They think China is a __8__ and interesting country. And __9__ is more and more important in the world. They want to work __10__ study in China some day. Now Chinese is one of the school subjects in some other countries.

1. A. lookB. haveC. likeD. see

2. A. withB. forC. inD. on

3. A. talkB. tellC. sayD. speak

4. A. AnyB. SomeC. Many D. Little

5. A. whenB. what C. whyD. because

6. A. dinnerB. meeting C. timeD. rest

7. A. to haveB. have C. havingD. has

8. A. smallB. greatC. youngD. long

9. A. FrenchB. Japanese C. ChineseD. Russian

10. A. orB. butC. andD. also

Ⅵ.阅读理解(20分)

(A)

John is a Canadian boy. He was born in Toronto on August 6, 1994. Now he lives with his parents in Guangzhou because his father teaches English in a university and his mother teaches French in the Friendship School where John studies.

John likes his school and has many friends. He thinks there are too many subjects at school. He is good at art, music, Chinese and P.E.. He doesn’t like math. He likes going to a restaurant to have dinner with his friends on Saturday. And he likes riding a bike around the city on Sunday.

John often has a travel with his parents during the vacation. He goes to London, New York, Paris, Sydney and Tokyo before they go back to their hometown. He can talk with the people except in Japan. John says he likes studying and living in China. He’ll work in China after he grows up.

根据短文内容,选择最佳答案

1. John is from ____.

A. AustraliaB. CanadaC. SingaporeD. Japan

2. John is ____ years old.

A. fifteenB. thirteenC. elevenD. twelve

3. John’s parents are ____.

A. doctorsB. clerksC. teachersD. students

4. John dislikes ____.

A. Chinese foodB. musicC. riding a bikeD. math

5. John can speak ____.

A. Chinese, English and FrenchB. English, Japanese and French

C. Chinese, Japanese and EnglishD. Japanese, Chinese and French

(B)

First Name:Jennifer

Last Name:William

Sex:Female

Nationality:the United Kingdom

Be Born:September 26, 1995.

Favorite Color:Red

Favorite Food:French Fries

Favorite Subject: Music

Favorite Sport:Tennis

Family:Sisters: Jerry; CindyBrother: Victor

Address: No. 5, the Seventh Street, London

Phone Number: 5346-7821

根据表格中的信息,回答下列问题

6. What’s the girl’s full name?

__________________________

7. Where’s Jennifer from?

__________________________

8. How old is Jennifer?

__________________________

9. What is Jennifer’s favorite food?

_____________________________

10. How many people are there in Jennifer?蒺s family?

_______________________________________

Ⅶ.书面表达(20分)

表格中是有关你的信息,请给你的笔友吉姆写一封信介绍一下你自己。

要求:语句通顺,意思完整,无语法错误,不少于60词。

姓名: 赵磊

年龄: 14岁

性别: 男

籍贯: 广东省广州市

爱好: 打篮球、看电视、玩游戏、收藏体育用品

地址: 上海市北京路256号

手机号码:16885382778

家庭状况:祖父母退休,父亲:医生,母亲:教师

unit1综合教程答案 第5篇

Unit One Enhance Your Language Awareness

Words in Action

Working with Words and Expressions

1.1)bound2)appropriate3)possessing4)permanent5)appointed

6)parted7)had corresponded8)gazed9)notion10)keen

11)preserve12)grasped13)figured14)grounded15)sensible

16)attribute17)united18)pursue19)commitments20)regulating

2.1)distinguish between2)checked up on3)torn down4)make a fortune

5)all of a sudden6)lost track of7)Casting an eye over8)broke up

9)take pleasure in10)described as11)turned up12)In so far as

13)is under arrest14)pass on15)as to

Increasing Your Word Power

1.3)approval4)betrayal5)burial6)dismissal7)disposal

8)proposal9)refusal10)removal11)survival12)withdrawal

2.1)refusal2)arrivals3)removal4)dismissal

5)survival6)proposal7)disposal8)approval

3.1)e2)c3)b4)a5)d

Grammar Review

1.1)Whichever tent you are not using now

2)whoever comes / come first

3)whichever / whatever condition our captain thought was the best

4)Wherever / No matter where I go

5)whatever wishes their child / children expresses / express

6)However disappointed / No matter how disappointed you may feel about the surroundings / environment / situation

7)Whoever breaks it

8)whenever he concentrates on a problem

2.1)It is not luck but hard work that led him to today’s success.2)Prof.Moen argues that it is energy that makes the world go round.3)It was not until he had proved he was honest that he won the family’s trust.4)It was clearly the headmaster himself who / that opened the door for me

5)None

Cloze

1)classical2)notion3)utility4)ground5)occurs

6)goodness7)as to8)possesses9)preserve10)bound

11)mirror12)virtuous13)commitment14)moral excellence

Translation

1.1)The friendship grounded on common / shared interest does not break easily./ It is not

easy for the friendship grounded on common / shared interest to break up.2)Children must learn to distinguish between violence and bravery / courage in computer games.3)There spring up so many new things every day in the world that it is no longer sensible to expect a person to know / keep track of everything.4)Laws do not regulate such things as betrayal to friends;that is why there is what we call / is called “the court of morality”.5)Today’s culture is described as “fast-food culture”.Whatever they may be / are doing, people just pursue the greatest / maximum satisfaction within the shortest time.6)As the saying goes, there is no such thing as a free lunch.If you want something, go and earn / work for it.2.As is commonly acknowledged / It is commonly recognized that humans are social

animals.Bonded together in a community, we naturally expect to have friends.As to what friendship is, people have different notions / ideas.Some make friends for mutual utility.Once the ground for such friendship disappears the friendship also breaks up.However, a lot of people long for “soul pals”—those who possess virtues and with whom we can go through trials and tribulations together.Such friendships keep us away from greed and violence and encourage us to have the courage of our convictions.Such is what we call “true and perfect friendship”.Theme-related Writing

Sample Essay One:

Bob and I became brother-like friends in our childhood.We played, dined and discussed our ambitions together.Once grown up, he started for the West to make his fortune while I became a policeman in New York.Before his departure, we had dinner together and we agreed that we would meet at the same place exactly twenty years from date and time, no matter what conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come.Then came the day we were supposed to meet.I was on my beat then.Walking on the appointed place which had been turned into a hardware store, I saw a man standing there with an unlighted cigar in his mouth.Before I could speak, he told me that he was waiting for a friend by the name of Jimmy Wells.When he struck a match to light his cigar, I saw a pale face with keen

eyes and a scar.I recognized him immediately.It was Bob, and it was also the face of the man wanted by the Chicago Police.For a moment I felt like telling him to escape right away.After all, we had been friends for so many years and he had travelled all the way to see me!But then my sense of duty told me the right thing to do.I said good-bye to him and continued my patrol, his last words still ringing in my ear:”I will wait for half an hour.Jimmy will keep his promise if he’s alive…” I then sent for a plain clothes man and had Bob arrested.Sample Essay Two:

Li Qiang, one of my classmates, is fun to be with.He is always wearing a broad smile as if life is forever “sunshine and butterflies.” One day, I revealed to him my worries and anxieties: I, an ordinary-looking girl, was 177 centimeters tall, even taller than any of the boys in my class.I thought no boy would like to date me.Besides, I was very poor at my academic courses.He suggested that I should learn to be myself and then he introduced me to a fashion show team of the university.Encouraged, I decided to change myself.After a 3-month training program on weekends, I could perform beautifully as a model, and surprisingly, I could concentrate on the required academic courses as well.The applauses I won at each fashion show and the scholarship I earned proved that being myself was terrific.Since then, my life has changed a lot.Thus, Li Qiang became an important friend of mine.Last semester, we began to help young people who suffer pressures from physical defects, academic failures or financial problems.We set up a Confidence Club.Those who come to us for help find our work definitely beneficial.Our friendship has led me into a sparkling, rewarding life.Enjoy English

1.Read aloud the following poems about friends.The Best of Friends

The best of friends,Can change a frown

Into a smile,When you feel down.The best of friends,Will understand,Your little trials,And lend a hand.The best of friends,Will always share

Your secret dreams,Because they care.The best of friends,Worth more than gold,Give all the love,A heart can hold.A Friend

A friend is like a shade tree

Beside a summer day.A friend is like the sunshine

That makes a perfect day.A friend is like a flower

That worn close to the heart.A friend is like a treasure

With which one will not part.2.Read the following passage for fun.Two friends were walking through the desert.During some point of the journey they had an argument, and one friend slapped the other in the face.The one who got slapped was hurt, but without saying anything, wrote in the sand: “Today my best friend slapped me in the face.”

They kept on walking until they found an oasis(绿洲), where they decided to take a bath.The one who has been slapped got stuck in the mire(陷入泥潭)and started drowning, but the friend saved him.After he recovered from the near drowning, he wrote on a stone:”Today my best friend saved my life.”

The friend who had slapped and saved his best friend asked him, “After I hurt you, you wrote in the sand and now you write on a stone.Why?”

unit1综合教程答案 第6篇

第一单元 课文A 多尔蒂先生创建自己的理想生活 售姆·多尔蒂

有两件事是我一直想做的——写作与务农。如今我同时做着这两件事。作为作家，我和E·B·怀特不属同一等级，作为农场主，我和乡邻也不是同一类人，不过我应付得还行。在城市以及郊区历经多年的怅惘失望之后，我和妻子桑迪终于在这里的乡村寻觅到心灵的满足。

这是一种自力更生的生活。我们食用的果蔬几乎都是自己种的。自家饲养的鸡提供鸡蛋，每星期还能剩余几十个出售。自家养殖的蜜蜂提供蜂蜜，我们还自己动手砍柴，足可供过冬取暖之用。

这也是一种令人满足的生活。夏日里我们在河上荡舟，在林子里野餐，骑着自行车长时间漫游。冬日里我们滑雪溜冰。我们为落日的余辉而激动。我们爱闻大地回暖的气息，爱听牛群哞叫。我们守着看鹰儿飞过上空，看玉米田间鹿群嬉跃。

但如此美妙的生活有时会变得相当艰苦。就在三个月前，气温降到华氏零下30度，我们辛苦劳作了整整两天，用一个雪橇沿着河边拖运木柴。再过三个月，气温会升到95度，我们就要给玉米松土，在草莓地除草，还要宰杀家禽。前一阵子我和桑迪不得不翻修后屋顶。过些时候，四个孩子中的两个小的，16岁的吉米和13岁的埃米莉，会帮着我一起把拖了很久没修的室外厕所修葺一下，那是专为室外干活修建的。这个月晚些时候，我们要给果树喷洒药水，要油漆谷仓，要给菜园播种，要赶在新的小鸡运到之前清扫鸡舍。

在这些活计之间，我每周要抽空花五、六十个小时，不是打字撰文，就是为作为自由撰稿人投给报刊的文章进行采访。桑迪则有她自己繁忙的工作日程。除了日常的家务，她还照管菜园和蜂房，烘烤面包，将食品装罐、冷藏，开车送孩子学音乐，和他们一起练习，自己还要上风琴课，为我做些研究工作并打字，自己有时也写写文章，还要侍弄花圃、堆摞木柴、运送鸡蛋。正如老话说的那样，在这种情形之下，坏人不得闲——贤德之人也歇不了。

我们谁也不会忘记第一年的冬天。从12月一直到3月底，我们都被深达5英尺的积雪困着。暴风雪肆虐，一场接着一场，积雪厚厚地覆盖着屋子和谷仓，而室内，我们用自己砍伐的木柴烧火取暖，吃着自家种植的苹果，温馨快乐每一分钟。

开春后，有过两次泛滥。一次是河水外溢，我们不少田地被淹了几个星期。接着一次是生长季节到了，一波又一波的农产品潮涌而来，弄得我们应接不暇。我们的冰箱里塞满了樱桃、蓝莓、草莓、芦笋、豌豆、青豆和玉米。接着我们存放食品罐的架子上、柜橱里也开始堆满一罐罐的腌渍食品，有番茄汁、葡萄汁、李子、果酱和果冻。最后，地窖里遍地是大堆大堆的土豆、葫芦、南瓜，谷仓里也储满了苹果和梨。真是太美妙了。

第二年我们种了更多的作物，差不多就靠着从自家树林砍伐的木柴以及仅仅100加仑的燃油过了冬。其时，我开始认真考虑起辞了职去从事自由撰稿的事来。时机选得实在太差。当时，两个大的女儿肖恩和埃米正在费用很高的常青藤学校上学，而我们只有几千美金的银行存款。但我们一再回到一个老问题上来：真的会有更好的时机吗?答案无疑是否定的。于是，带着老板的祝福，口袋里揣着作为累积津贴的半年薪水，我走了。

那以后有过一些焦虑的时刻，但总的来说，情况比我们料想的要好得多。为了写那些内容各不相同的文章，我为《体育画报》爬进过黑熊窝；为《史密森期刊》替参赛的一组组狗套上雪橇；为《科学文摘》调查过尚普兰湖水怪的真相；为《终点》杂志在明尼苏达划着小舟穿越美、加边界水域内的公共荒野保护区。

我挣的钱远比不上担任全职工作时的收入，可如今我们需要的钱也没有过去多。我挣的钱足以应付每月600美金的房屋贷款按揭以及一家人的日常开销。那些开销包括了所有支出，如音乐课学费、牙医帐单、汽车维修以及大学费用等等。至于保险，我们买了一份低收入者的主要医疗项目保险。我们需要为每一个家庭成员的任何一项医疗费用支付最初的500美金医疗保险则支付超出部分的80％。虽然我们仍要支付小部分医疗费用，但我们的保险费也低——每年只要560美金——而我们给自己生大病保了险。除了这一保险项目，以及两辆汽车每年400美金的保险，我们就没有其它保险了。不过我们每年留出2000美元入个人退休金贴。

我们通过节约开支而又不明显降低生活水准的方式来弥补收入差额。我们每个月仍出去吃一两次饭，不过现在我们光顾的是当地餐馆，而不是城里的高级饭店。我们仍去密尔沃基听歌剧看芭蕾演出，不过一年才几次。我们肉吃得少了，酒喝得便宜了，电影看得少了。铺张的圣诞节成为一种回忆，我们把完成稿约作为度假的一部分„„

我想，不是所有热爱乡村的人都会乐意过我们这种生活的。这种生活需要一些特殊素质。其一是耐得住寂寞。由于我们如此忙碌，手头又紧，我们很少请客。在作物生长季节根本就没工夫参加社交活动。吉米和埃米莉虽然参加学校的各种活动，但他俩大多数时间呆在家里。

另一项要求是体力——相当大的体力。小范围里实现自给自足的途径是抵制诱惑，不去购置拖拉机和其它昂贵的节省劳力的机械。相反，你要自己动手。我们仅有的机器(不包括割草机)是一台3马力的小型旋转式耕耘机以及一架16英寸的链锯。

没人知道我们还能有精力在这里再呆多久一也许呆很长一阵子，也许不是。到走的时候，我们会怆然离去，但也会为自己所做的一切深感自豪。我们把农场出售也会赚相当大一笔钱。我们自己在农场投入了约35，000美金的资金，要是现在售出的话价格差不多可以翻一倍。不过现在不是出售的好时机。但是一旦经济形势好转，对我们这种农场的需求又会增多。

但我们主要不是为了赚钱而移居至此的。我们来此居住是因为想提高生活质量。当我看着埃米莉傍晚去收鸡蛋，跟吉米一起在河上钓鱼，或和全家人一起在果园里享用老式的野餐，我知道，我们找到了自己一直在寻求的生活方式。

第二单元

课文A

给人以自由者

弗格斯·M·博得威奇

我步出这幢两层小屋，加拿大平原上轻风微拂。我身边是一位苗条的黑衣女子，把我带回到过去的向导。那时，安大略省得雷斯顿这一带住着美国历史上的一位英雄。我们前往一座普普通通的灰色教堂，芭芭拉.卡特自豪地谈论着其高祖乔赛亚·亨森。“他坚信上帝要所有人生来平等。他从来没有停止过争取这一自由权利的奋斗。”

卡特对其先辈的忠诚不仅仅关乎一己之骄傲，而关乎家族荣誉。因为乔赛亚·亨森至今仍为人所知是由于他所激发的创作灵感使得一个美国小说人物问世：汤姆叔叔，哈丽特，比彻·斯托的小说《汤姆叔叔的小屋》中那个逆来顺受的黑奴。具有讽刺意味的是，这一人物所象征的一切在亨森身上一点都找不到。一个不愿奋起力争、背叛种族的黑人?卡特对此颇为愤慨。“乔赛亚·亨森是个有原则的人，”她肯定地说。

我远道前来亨森最后的居所——如今已成为卡特曾管理过的一处历史遗迹——是为了更多地了解此人，他在许多方面堪称非裔美国人的摩西。亨森自己摆脱了黑奴身份获得自由之后，便暗中帮助其他许多黑奴逃奔北方去加拿大——逃奔自由之地。许多人和他一起在得雷斯顿这一带定居了下来。

但此地只是我所承担的繁重使命的一处停留地。乔赛亚·亨森只是一长串无所畏惧的男女名单中的一个名字，这些人共同创建了这条“地下铁路”，一个由逃亡线路和可靠的人家组成的用以解放美国南方黑奴的秘密网络。在1820年至1860年期间，多达十万名黑奴经由此路走向自由。

2000年10月，克林顿总统批准拨款1600万美元建造全国“地下铁路”自由中心，以此纪念美国历史上第一次伟大的民权斗争。中心计划于2004年在辛辛那提市建成。真是该建立这样一个中心的时候了。因为地下铁路的英雄们依然默默无闻，他们的业绩依然少人颂扬。我要讲述他们的故事。

听到轻轻的敲门声，约翰·帕克神情紧张起来。他开门窥望，夜色中认出是一位可靠的邻居。“有一群逃亡奴隶躲在肯塔基州的树林里，就在离河二十英里的地方，”那人用急迫的口气低语道。帕克没一点儿迟疑。“我就去，”他说着，把两支手枪揣进口袋。

二十年前，即19世纪20年代，生来即为黑奴的帕克才八岁就被从母亲身边带走，被迫拖着镣铐从弗吉尼亚走到亚拉巴马，在那里的黑奴市场被买走。他打定主意有朝一日要过自由的生活，便设法学会了铸铁这门手艺。后来他终于靠这门手艺攒够钱赎回了自由。现在，帕克白天在俄亥俄州里普利港的一家铸铁厂干活。到了晚上，他就成了地下铁路的一位“乘务员”，帮助人们避开追捕逃亡黑奴的人。在他正前往的肯塔基州，当局悬赏一千美元抓他，活人死尸都要。

在那个阴冷的夜晚，帕克渡过俄亥俄河，找到了十个丧魂落魄的逃亡者。“拿好包裹跟我走，”他一边吩咐他们，一边带着这八男二女朝河边走去。就要到岸时，一个巡夜人发现了他们，急忙跑开去报告。

帕克看见一条小船，便大喝一声，把那些逃亡黑奴推上了船。大家都上了船，但有两个人容不下。小船徐徐驶向对岸，帕克眼睁睁地看着追捕者把他被迫留下的两个男人团团围住。

其他的人都上了岸，帕克急忙安排了一辆车把他们带到地下铁路的下一“站”——他们走向安全的加拿大之旅的第一程。约翰·帕克在有生之年一共带领四百多名黑奴走向安全之地。

黑人去当乘务员常常是由于本人痛苦的经历，而那些白人则往往是受了宗教信仰的感召。在北卡罗来纳州长大的贵格会教徒利瓦伊·科芬解释说：“《圣经》上只是要我们给饥者以食物，无衣者以衣衫，但没提到过肤色的事。”

在19世纪20年代，科芬向西迁移前往印第安纳州的新港(即今天的喷泉市)，在那里开了一家小店。人们传说，逃亡黑奴在科芬家总是能得到庇护。有时他一次庇护的逃亡者就多达十七人，他还备有一组人员和车辆把他们送往下一段行程。到后来有三条主要路线在科芬家汇合，科芬家成了地下铁路的中央车站。

科芬经常由于他做的工作受到被杀的威胁，收到焚毁他店铺和住宅的警告。几乎每一个乘务员都面临类似的危险——或者更为严重。在北方，治安官会对帮助逃亡的人课以罚金，或判以短期监禁。在南方各州，白人则被判处几个月甚至几年的监禁。一位勇敢的循道宗牧师卡尔文·费尔班克在肯塔基州被关押了十七年多，他记录了自己遭受毒打的情况：总共被鞭笞了35，105下。

至于那些黑奴，逃亡意味着数百英里的长途跋涉，意味着穿越自己极易被人辨认的陌生地域。没有路标，也几乎没有线路图，他们赶路全凭着口口相告的路线以及秘密记号——比如树上钉着的钉子——是乘务员用宋标示北上路线的记号。

许多黑奴在夜色掩护下赶路，有时脸上涂着厚厚的白粉。贵格会教徒经常让他们的“乘客”不分男女穿上灰衣服，戴上深沿帽，披着把头部完全遮盖住的面纱。有一次，利瓦伊·科芬运送的逃亡黑奴实在太多，他就把他们装扮成出殡队伍。

加拿大是许多逃亡者的首选终点站。那儿1833年就废除了奴隶制，加拿大当局鼓励逃亡奴隶在其广阔的未经开垦的土地上定居。其中就有乔赛亚·亨森。

还是孩子的亨森在马里兰州目睹着全家人被卖给不同的主人，看到母亲为了想把自己留在她身边而遭受毒打。亨森利用命运给他的一切机会，干活勤勉，深受主人器重。

经济困顿最终迫使亨森的主人将他及其妻儿送到主人在肯塔基州的一个兄弟处。在那儿干了几年苦工之后，亨森听说了一个可怕的消息：新主人准备把他卖到遥远的南方腹地去农庄干活。这名奴隶将与自己的家人永远分离。

只有一条路可走：逃亡。“我会认北极星，”许多年后亨森写道。“就像圣地伯利恒的救星一样，它告诉我在哪里可以获救。”

亨森和妻子冒着极大的风险带着四个孩子上路了。两个星期之后，饥饿疲惫的一家人来到了辛辛那提市，在那儿，他们与地下铁路的成员取得了联系。“他们为我们提供了食宿，非常关心，接着又用车送了我们三十英里。”

亨森一家继续往北走，最后来到纽约州的布法罗。在那儿，一位友善的船长指着尼亚加拉河对岸。“‘看见那些树没有?’他说，‘它们生长在自由的土地上。”’他给了亨森一美元钱，安排了一条小船，小船载着这位黑奴及其家人过河来到加拿大。

“我扑倒在地，在沙土里打滚，手舞足蹈，最后，在场的那几个人都认定我是疯子。‘他是个疯子，’有个沃伦上校说。”

“‘不，不是的!知道吗?我自由了!’”

第三单元

课文A

锁之国

鲍勃·格林

小时候在家里，我们的前门总是夜不落锁。我不知道这是当地的一种说法还是大家都这么说的；“不落锁”的意思是掩上门，但不锁住。我们谁都不带钥匙；晚上最后一个回家的人把门关上，这就行了。

那样的日子已经一去不复返了。在乡下，在城里，·门不再关着不锁上，哪怕是傍晚一段时间也不例外。

在许多方面，郊区和农村甚至比巡查严密的城市街道更易受到攻击。统计显示，那些据称是安宁的地区的犯罪率上升得比城镇更为显著。不管怎么说，前门虚掩不落锁的时代是一去不复返了。

取而代之的是防盗锁、防护链、电子报警系统，以及连接警署或私人保安公司的报警装置。郊区的许多人家在露台上安装了玻璃滑门，内侧有装得很讲究的钢条，这样就没人能把门撬开。

在最温馨的居家，也常常看得到窗上贴着小小的告示，称本宅由某家安全保卫机构或某个保安公司负责监管。

锁成了美国的新的象征。的确如此，一家大保险公司最近的一则公益广告没有用图表表明我们所处的危险有多大，而是用了一幅童车的图片，车身上悬着如今随处可见的挂锁。

广告指出，没错，确是保险公司理赔失窃物品，但谁来赔偿互不信任、担心害怕这种新氛围对我们的生活方式所造成的影响呢?谁来对美国从自由之国到锁之国这一蜕变作出精神赔偿呢?

因为那就是现状。我们已经变得如此习惯于保护自己不受美国生活新氛围的影响，如此习惯于设置障碍，以致无暇考虑这一切意味着什么。

出于某种原因，当我们觉得防范周密时才安心；我们没有想到问问自己：为什么会出现这种情况?为什么非得把自己与邻居和同住一城的居民隔绝开来，这一切究竟是从什么时候开始主宰我们生活的?

这一切确实主宰了我们的生活。如果你在一家大中型公司上班，你上下班很可能不好随意进出。你可能随身带着某种出入卡，电子的或别的什么的，因为这卡能让你进出工作场所。也许前台的保安认识你这张脸，平日一挥手让你进去，但事实明摆着，你所任职的公司深感面临威胁，因此要借助这些“钥匙”不让外人靠近。

这种现象并非向来有之。即使在十年前，大多数私营公司仍采取自由出入的做法。那时管理人员根本没想到过恰当的手段是不信任他人。

且看各地机场。过去家长常常带孩子去登机口看飞机起飞降落。这种事再也没有了。机场不再是一个有趣的学习场所；它们成了拥有最精密的安全检查系统的场所。

凭借着电子透视装置，我们似乎终于想出妙计让恐怖分子无法近身，无论是真的恐怖分子还是凭空臆想的。能解决这一问题真是如释重负，于是我们就不去多想这种状况对我们的生活质量意味着什么。如今我们走过这些电子搜查器时已经看都不看一眼了；这些装置，还有它们所代表的一切已经获胜。

我们的居住区处在强光源的照射之下；我们连哪怕像阴影这样小小的享受也不想给自己。

越来越多的商人正购置连接在电话机上、能剖析来电者声音的新机器。据说那种机器能让商人知道他的朋友或客户是否在撒谎，其出错概率很小。

所有这一切都是以“安全”的名义实施的：我们是这么跟自己说的。我们害怕，于是我们设法把害怕锁在外面，我们认定，那就是安全的意义。

其实不然；我们虽然有了这一切安全措施，但我们或许是人类文明史上最不安全的国民。还有什么更好的字眼能用来描述我们被迫选择的生活方式呢?还有什么更为可悲地表明我们在这个令人困惑的新时代所感受到的惶恐之情呢?

我们不信任何人。郊区的家庭主妇在家庭旅行用车钥匙链上挂着防强暴口哨，我们在自我防卫方面变得如此聪明，最终全都聪明反被聪明误。我们或许是把邪恶锁在了门外；但在这么做的同时我们把自己锁在里边了。

那也许是我们将来回顾这一时代时记得最牢的精神遗产：在对付我们中间无形的恐惧之时，我们成了自己的囚徒。在我们这个问题重重的时代，所有的人都是囚徒。

第四单元

课文A 爱因斯坦是外星人吗? 托尼.菲利普斯

艾伯特爱因斯坦被搞得筋疲力尽.连续第三个晚上，他的宝贝儿子汉斯，哭泣，让家人清醒直到黎明。当艾伯特终于睡着了是时候起床去工作。他不能跳过一天。他需要工作来养活家人。

他轻快地走到专利局，在那里他是一个“技术专家，第三级，”艾伯特担心他的母亲。她越来越虚弱，她不赞成他与米列娃结婚，关系紧张。艾伯特看了一眼路过商店的橱窗。他的头发是一个烂摊子；他忘了梳一遍。

工作。家庭。使收支平衡。艾伯特感受到任何年轻的丈夫和父亲所有的压力和责任的。

放松，他彻底改变了物理学。

1905年，在年龄26时，四年前他找到了工作作为一个物理学教授，爱因斯坦出版了五个最重要的论文在科学史”——所有在他的空余时间写的。”他证明了原子和分子的存在。1905年之前，科学家们不清楚那些。他认为光是小块（后来被称为“光子”），从而奠定了量子力的学基础。他描述了他的狭义相对论理论：空间和时间是同一个织物的线，他提出那是可弯曲，拉伸和扭曲的。

哦，顺便说一句，E = mc2。

在爱因斯坦之前，最后一个有这样突出创意的科学家，是艾萨克牛顿先生。它发生在1666时，牛顿隔离自己母亲的农场去避免爆发在剑桥的瘟疫。没有什么更好的事，他提出了他的万有引力。几个世纪以来,历史学家称为1666牛顿的“奇迹年。现在这些话有不同的意义:爱因斯坦和1905。联合国已经宣布2005年“世界物理年“庆祝爱因斯坦“奇迹年的100周年。

现代流行文化吧爱因斯坦画一个bushy-haired superthinker。我们被告之他的想法，是不可能远远领先于其他科学家。他一定是从其他星球来的——也许是牛顿长大的同一个星球。

“爱因斯坦不是外星人，”哈佛大学物理学家和科学史家彼得笑到。“他是他那个时代的人。”他所有的1905年的文件揭开问题正在被其他科学家研究，成败参半，“如果爱因斯坦没有出生的，[文件]将最终由他人以某种形式写出来”Galison说。

1905年值得注意的是，一个人撰写的五个文件的全部，加上原有的，爱因斯坦以不敬的方式得到自己的结论。

例如：光电效应。这在20世纪初是一个难题。当光照射到金属，如锌，电子会飞。只来一点点光集中集中撞击自由电子这才会发生。传播的波不具有光电效果。

解决办法似乎很简单——光的微粒。事实上，这是，爱因斯坦在1905年提出的解决方案并在1921获得了诺贝尔奖。其他物理学家如普朗克（工作相关的问题上：黑体辐射），比爱因斯坦更先一步更有经验，步步逼近答案，但爱因斯坦先到那里。为什么呢？

这是一个问题的权威。

“在爱因斯坦的时代，如果你想说，光是由粒子构成的，你发现自己不同意的物理学家杰姆斯麦斯威尔的理论。“没有人想做这样的事，”Galison说。麦斯威尔方程取得了巨大的成功，统一的物理电，磁和光学。麦斯威尔毫无疑问证明，光是一种电磁波。麦斯威尔是一个权威人物。

爱因斯坦不在乎权威。他没有反抗被告知要做什么，但他讨厌被告诉什么是真理。即使作为一个孩子，他不断的怀疑和质疑。“你的存在在这里破坏了班级对我尊敬，”他第七年级的老师约瑟夫博士狄根哈特说。（狄根哈特还预测，爱因斯坦将一事无成”）这一性格缺陷是爱因斯坦发现的一个关键因素。

“在1905年，”Galison记录，“爱因斯坦刚刚获得博士学位。他不感激于一个导师或任何其他权威人物。”他的思想在自由漫游因此。

回想起来，麦斯威尔是正确的。光是一种波动。但爱因斯坦也是对的。光是粒子。这个奇特的二元性物质物理困惑physic101的学生一样在1905年困惑爱因斯坦。怎么光是二元性？爱因斯坦不知道。

不过这不能使他慢下来。蔑视谨慎，爱因斯坦采用了直观的飞跃，作为一个基本工具。“我相信直觉和灵感，”他写道，在1931年。“有时我觉得我是对的但不知道原因。”

尽管爱因斯坦的五篇论文发表在一年的时间里，但他一直自童年开始在深深地思考物理学。“在爱因斯坦家中，科学是餐桌上的谈话”Galison解释到。艾伯特的父亲赫尔曼和叔叔雅各布一家制造发电机，电弧灯，灯泡、电话的德国公司。这是世纪之交的高科技，“像现在一个在硅谷公司，”Galison记录。“艾伯特对科技自然感兴趣。”

爱因斯坦的父母有时会带艾伯特参加聚会。保姆是不必要的：当其他人在他周围跳舞时艾伯特坐在沙发上，全神贯注，静静地做数学题而。笔和纸是艾伯特的玩具！

他有令人印象深刻的专注力。爱因斯坦的妹妹，玛雅，回忆说：“„„即使有很大的噪音，他会躺在沙发上，拿起纸和笔，悠悠地平衡一个放在靠背墨水瓶使他自己全神贯注的沉浸在问题中就如同背景噪声促进而不是打扰他。”

爱因斯坦很聪明，但没有比他的同行更特殊的地方。“我没有特殊的才能，”他说，“我只是有强烈的好奇心。”又说：“关于我力量的流行评估„和现实的对比真是荒唐。”爱因斯坦将他的发现归功于想象力和无止境的提问而不是传统的智慧。

在后来的生活中，我们应该记住，他努力产生一个统一场理论，结合重力和其他自然的力量。他失败了。爱因斯坦的智慧不是无限的。