When you prepare a speech, you should remember that there is no way to satisfy the needs of all the listeners. Audiences, large or smal, are complex and have diferent requirements when receiving and digesting information, which needs tobe considered at the planning stage of your presentation. Adapting your specch based on your audiences size should be one of the first things for you to do. Large audiences oftenhave litle or no audience participation (参与), so you need to ensure that your speech is long enough to fil the time requred . it's also much harder to get the atention of a larger group of people so your tone and body language is more important than ever and maintaining cye contact with as many individuals around the room is necessary to keep them interestedFor smaller audiences, they more relaxed and often have more opportunities to take part in a conversation. This means you'll need to have time for opportunities or comments throughout the spech. The second dificulty to experience in making a speech in that you naturally have lots of diferent tvpes of people in the room that learn and take in information in many different ways. Generally speaking, there are 4 different ways in which people leam: watching. listening, reading,and writing. By including elements of cach learning style, your speech will engage more of your audience. Another way in which you'l need to adapt your speech is whether you are talking to other experts in the same field,or to beginners or an audience with limited knowledge about the topic. The most efective way to do this is to create the version(版本) of your speech that have quite diferent content. Otherwiseboth experts and beginners may lose interest. No matter how much you prepare and adapt your content, you may find yourself in a situation where you are losing audience engagement during your speech. lt's necessary that you read and act on such signals.
