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情态动词need用法小结

来源:火烈鸟作者:开心麻花2025-09-191

情态动词need用法小结(精选6篇)

情态动词need用法小结 第1篇

一、NEED与句子类型

(本条可参照ANY的用法。)NEED可用于:

1.否定句/含有否定意义的句子 1)否定句

含not/hardly/never/nobody等词语。I needn’t say anything.He need hardly advise me.You never need tell me this or that.Nobody need help me.I don’t think he need come.(否定转移)

注:NEEDN’T的意思其实有三种,即不必要/不一定/不应该,视具体语境而定。2)含有否定意义的句子

含only/but/all/before/than等词语。He need only wait here.You need but consider the matter to understand its importance.That’s all that need be said.Do not stay longer than you need.There was another hour before I need go out into the cold.2.疑问句/表示疑问的从句 1)疑问句(包括否定疑问句)Need he say it again? 2)表示疑问的从句

I wonder whether/if I need see her.3.条件句

含if/unless等词。

If he need come, he will.本条要点简单概括起来就是,NEED不能用于肯定句。以下的各种用法也遵循这条规则。

二、NEED与时态 1.现在时

NEED常用于现在时。You needn’t stay.2.将来时

You needn’t have your blood pressure taken tomorrow.3.过去时

NEED的过去式仍然是NEED。1)过去时间由一过去时间状语表示 He need not come yesterday.2)过去时间由另一过去时动词表示。All he need do was to inquire.It was clear that he need never trouble to get up at seven again.I told him he needn’t be in a terrible fix.注:表示过去的NEED常用于间接引语中。(本条可参照must的用法)

三、NEED与虚拟语气 1)NEED用于虚拟条件句

(本条可参照虚拟条件句的构成及用法。)If money were useless, we need not struggle for it.If you had been careful enough, you need not have suffered.注:本条用法较为少见。

2)NEED单独使用:NEEDN’T HAVE DONE(本条可参照SHOULDN’T HAVE DONE的用法。)You need not have worried.注:NEED HAVE DONE的形式较为少见

Need you have scolded him so severely for his bad work? He had done his best.(否定意味)

He need have gone and sent that letter in person.(实际上没有做)

四、NEED与推测

NEEDN’T表示“不一定”。(本条可参照must/can的用法。)1)NEEDN’T+BE

It needn’t be hot in Florida now.对比:

It can’t be hot in Florida now.(一定不)It must be hot in Florida now.(一定)2)NEEDN’T+HAVE DONE

He need not have seen much of the world, though he is an old man.对比:

He can’t have seen much of the world, for he is just a little boy.He must have seen much of the world, for he has been traveling so widely.五、NEED与问句 1)反意疑问句的构成 You needn’t go, need you? 2)答句的构成---Need he go?---Yes, he must/has to/needs to.---No, he needn’t.(本条可参照must的用法)

六、情态动词NEED与实义动词NEED 1)使用范围

作为实义动词的NEED有人称、数和时态的变化,使用范围更为广泛,不受句子类型和时态的限制。在肯定句、过去时和将来时的句子中,一般使用作为实义动词的NEED。

He needs to see a doctor straightaway.(此处needs to不能换做need,因为本句是肯定句)

Will he need to start earlier? 注:

NEED TO BE DONE与NEED DOING可以互换,后者更为常用(这里的NEED均为实义动词)。2)含义差别

NEEDN’T HAVE DONE与DIDN’T NEED TO DO表示“不必要”的时候,在意义上有所差别,前者表示“本不必做„„”,实际上已经做了(NEED为情态动词);后者单纯地表示“不必做„„”(NEED为实义动词)。

情态动词need用法小结 第2篇

1. he play isn’t interesting, I really must go now.

2. I had to work when I was your age.

3) 表示推测、可能性(只用于肯定的陈述句)

1. You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.

2. Your mother must be waiting for you now.

四、dare, need

1) dare作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中, 过去式形式为dared。

1. How dare you say I’m unfair?

2. He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he?

3. If we dared not go there that day, we couldn’t get the beautiful flowers.

2) need 作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代替。

1.You needn’t come so early.

2. ---- Need I finish the work today?

---- Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.

3) dare和 need作实义动词用时, 有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中,dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中,dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。

1. I dare to swim across this river.

2. He doesn’t dare (to) answer.

3. He needs to finish his homework today.

五、shall, should

1) shall 用于第一人称,征求对方的意见。

What shall we do this evening?

2) shall 用于第二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。

1. You shall fail if you don’t work hard.(警告)

2. He shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺)

3. He shall be punished.(威胁)

六、will, would

1) 表示请求、建议等,would更委婉。

Will / Would you pass me the ball, please?

2) 表示意志、愿望和决心。

1. I will never do that again.

2. They asked him if he would go abroad.

3) would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表示过去习惯时比used to正式,且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。

1. During the vacation, he would visit me every other day.

2. The wound would not heal.

4) 表示估计和猜想。

It would be about ten o’clock when she left home.

七、should, ought to

1) should, ought to表示“应该”,ought to表示义务或责任,比should语气重。

1. I should help her because she is in trouble.

2. You ought to take care of the baby.

2) 表示劝告、建议和命令。should, ought to可通用,但在疑问句中常用should。

1. You should / ought to go to class right away.

2. Should I open the window?

3) 表示推测

should , ought to (客观推测), must(主观推测)。

1.He must be home by now. (断定他已到家)

2.He ought to/should be home by now.(不太肯定)

3. This is where the oil must be.(直爽)

4. This is where the oil ought to/should be.(含蓄)

八、情态动词+不定式完成式(have done)

1) can / could + have done在肯定句中表示“本来可以做而实际上能做某事”,是虚拟语气;在疑问句或否定句中表示对过去行为的怀疑或不肯定, 表示推测。

1. You could have done better, but you didn’t try your best. (虚拟语气)

2. He can’t have been to that town.(推测)

3. Can he have got the book?(推测)

2) may / might +不定式完成式(have done)

表示对过去行为的推测。不能用于疑问句中,没有虚拟语气的用法。Might所表示的可能性比may小。

1. He may not have finished the work .

2. If we had taken the other road, we might have arrived earlier.

3)must +不定式完成式(have done)

用于肯定句中,表示对过去行为的推测。意为“一定、想必”。其疑问、否定形式用can,can’t代替。参看1) can / could + have done表示推测。

1. You must have seen the film Titanic.

2. He must have been to Shanghai.

4)should +不定式完成式(have done)

用于肯定句中,表示对过去行为的推测。

He should have finished the work by now。

表示“本应该做而实际上没有做某事”,其否定式表示某种行为本不该发生却发生了。可以与ought to +不定式完成式(have done)互换。

1. You ought to / should have helped him. (but you didn’t.)

2. She shouldn’t have taken away my measuring tape, for I wanted to use it.

5) needn’t +不定式完成式(have done)

表示“本来不必做而实际上做了某事”。

You needn’t have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.

6) will +不定式完成式(have done)

主要用于第二、三人称,表示对已完成的动作或事态的推测。

情态动词用法小结 第3篇

首先,我们来说说情态动词的特点。情态动词本身有一定的词义,但在句中不能独立作谓语,它必须和主要动词连用一起作谓语且没有人称和数的变化。

我们常见的情态动词有:can,could,may,might,must等。这些情态动词均有表达推测之意。那么它们之间又有什么区别呢?这些词中,must的可能性最大,can/could次之,may/might最小。其具体用法如下:

1. must的用法:

(1)表示推测事件的“可能性”时,意思为“准是、肯定”。表示说话人对情况了解,肯定其判断。

—Mary,where is the man from?玛丽,那个男人是从哪来的?

—I know the accent,he must from UK.我知道这种口音,他一定是来自英国。

(2) must表推测只能用于肯定句。如果要表示“一定不、肯定不”的意思时,应用can't;如询问某种可能时,应用can。

He must know my address.他肯定知道我的地址。(表示肯定)

He can’t know my address.他肯定不知道我的地址。(表示肯定不)

Can he know my address?他知道我的地址吗?(表示询问可能性)

2. can/could的用法:

(1) can表示推测事件的“可能性”时,往往用于否定句或疑问句。can't表示“一定不”,语气很肯定;can在疑问句中意思是“会、可能”

He can't be at home.=It is impossible that he is at home.他一定不在家。

(2) can/can't后可接进行时/完成时,表示对现在发生的动作或过去发生的动作进行推测。

They can’t be reading in the library.他们一定不在图书馆读书。

He can't have gone to Shanghai,l just saw him minutes ago.他不可能去了上海,我刚才还看见他。

It’s so late.Where can she have gone?这么晚了,她能到哪去呢?

(3) could可用于表示某事有可能发生或可能是事实。

Don’t eat the mushroom,they could be poisonous.不要吃这些蘑菇,它们可能有毒。

The plane could be delayed by fog.飞机有可能因为雾天而晚点。

(4) could还可以用于表示客气、委婉、礼貌的请求语气。

Could you tell me where is the bus station?您能告诉我汽车站在哪吗?

Could you pass the salt?请递一下盐。

(5) couldn’t表示否定推测,表示某事不可能真实,或由于特定事实或环境某事肯定不会发生。

It couldn’t be true.这不可能是真的。

She couldn’t went to school on Sunday.周日她不可能去学校。

3. may和might的用法:

(1) may/might表示推测事件的“可能性”时,意思是“可能、也许”,肯定的成分较低,语气没有must肯定。

She may/might be a student.=It’s possible that she is a student.她可能是学生。

注:might不表示过去时态,只是语气上比may更委婉,表示的可能性更小。

(2) may/might表推测时,可以用于否定句,意思是“可能不、也许不“,但不用于疑问句。

He may/might not be at home.他也许不在家。

(3) may/might还可以推测将来的情况。

It may rain,I think we’d better take raincoat.看样子要下雨了,我们最好穿上雨衣。

情态动词用法小结 第4篇

一、情态动词基本用法的高频考点

1. can表示理论上的可能性,意为“可能会”。例如:

Even an experienced teacher can make mistakes.即使一名有经验的老师也有可能会犯错误。(理论上的可能性,事实上末发生)

2. must表示“硬要,偏要”。例如:

Must you shout so loudly? 你非要这么大声叫嚷吗?

mustn’t表示“禁止”。例如:

You must not take the books out of the library. 不准把书带出图书馆。

Must we send in our plan this week? 我们必须这星期交计划吗?

No, you needn’t/don’t have to. 不,没有必要。

(此处不表示“禁止”,所以不能用mustn’t回答)

3. shall用于第二、三人称,表示说话者给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。例如:

All of you shall arrive before five o’clock.(命令)你们都要五点前到达。

You shall fail if you don’t work harder.(警告)如果你不更努力工作的话,你就会失败。

You shall get a gift on your birthday. (允诺)在你生日的那天 ,你会得到一个礼物。

He shall be punished. (威胁)他会受到惩罚的。

4. should表示惊讶、意外等情绪,译作“竟然”。

I can’t believe that he should speak ill of me. 我无法相信他竟然说我的坏话。

有一定根据的推测,译作“按道理应该”。例如:

They should be at home now, for they have been away for two hours. 他们都已经走了两小时了,他们现在应该到家了。(根据时间推测)

5. will表示事物的某种性质和倾向。例如:

Wood will float on the water. 木头会浮在水上。

The drawer won’t open. 抽屉打不开。

6. would表示过去的习惯性动作,译作“过去常常”(used to)。例如:

When he was young, he would listen to music alone in his room on weekends. 在年轻的时候,他经常周末独自一人待在他的房间里听音乐。

7. may常用的固定搭配:may well完全能,很可能;may as well 最好,倒不如。例如:

Her appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize her. 她的容貌改变了如此之多,你很可能认不出她了。

You may as well do it at once. 你最好马上就做这件事。

二、“情态动词+have done”的用法

1. 表示对过去发生事情的推测

must have done,过去一定做过某事。(很有把握的肯定推测)

can’t have done,不可能做过某事。(很有把握的否定推测)

may/might have done,可能已经做过某事。(不太有把握的肯定推测)

may/might not have done,可能还没有做过某事情。(不太有把握的否定推测)

例如: It must have rained last night, for the road is quite muddy. 昨晚一定下雨了,因为路很泥泞。

Jack can’t have arrived yet, otherwise he would have telephoned us. 杰克不可能已到家了,否则他就给我们打电话了。

Tom hasn’t come back yet, He may have missed the bus again. 汤姆还没有回家,他可能又错过了公交车。

例1 (2012年高考湖北卷) As the shopkeeper Mr Johnson was selling me the bicycle, he said, “this is the best thing you ____ have done. Life has become hopelessly complicated.”

A. would B. should C. must D. could

解析 D。考查情态动词辨析。根据语境可知,该句意为:这是你所能做到的最好的事。could have done意为“能够做到……”, 与语境相符,故选D项。A项意为“愿意”,B项意为“应当”,C项意为“必须”,都与语境不符。

2. 表示“(过去)本……而实际上……”

should/ought to have done, 本应该做而实际上没有做。

needn’t have done, 本不需要做而实际上做了。

would have done, 本打算要做而实际上没有做。

could have done, 本能够做而实际上没有做。

例如:We should have studied last night, but we went to the concert instead. 昨晚我们本应该学习的,可是我们却去听了音乐会。

I was really anxious about you. You shouldn’t have left home without a word. 我真的是很担心你,你不应该不说一句话就离家出走。

There was plenty of time. She needn’t have hurried. 有足够的时间,她没有必要赶忙。

I stayed at a hotel while in New York. 我在纽约期间住的是宾馆。

Oh, why don’t you call me? You could have stayed with me. 哦,你为什么不打我电话?你本可以和我待在一起的。

例2 He looks sleepy. He must ___________ last night, writing the essay. (stay)他看起来犯困。昨晚他肯定熬夜写论文了。

解析 have stayed up. 根据句子中文翻译中的“昨晚肯定”以及题干中的last night可知是对过去发生的事情的肯定猜测,要用must have done结构。

3. 用于if引导的非真实条件句中,表示虚拟语气

若含if的非真实条件句或省略if的含蓄性非真实条件句的从句的谓语时态为过去时,且主句也讲的是过去的事情,主句的谓语部分要用should/would/could/ might have done的结构。例如:

If I hadn’t drunk alcohol last night, I could have driven my car home.如果昨晚我没有喝酒的话,我就能开车回家了。

例3 Had we not used an out-of-date train schedule, we ___________ the train. (miss) 要不是用了一张过期的列车时刻表,我们就不会误了火车。

解析 would not have missed. 此句考查的是if的含蓄性非真实条件句的虚拟语气,从句用的是过去完成时(had used倒装)表示过去的动作,主句讲的也是过去的事情,所以要用情态动词加have done的结构,由于是否定句,故用would not+ have done表达.

例4 (2015年高考湖北卷)If she had been aware that the mushroom were poisonous, she them for dinner.(pick)要是知道这些蘑菇有毒,她不会采来做晚餐了。

英语情态动词用法 第5篇

1) 表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。

Can you lift this heavy box?(体力)

Mary can speak three languages.(知识)

Can you skate?(技能)

此时可用be able to代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式;而be able to则有更多的时态。

I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.

当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to,不能用Can。如:

He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.

2) 表示请求和允许。

-----Can I go now?

----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.

此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,

might代替,不是过去式,只是语气更委婉,不能用于肯定句和答语中。

---- Could I come to see you tomorrow?

---- Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not. )

3) 表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力)。

They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.

This hall can hold 500 people at least.

4) 表示推测(惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度),用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。

Can this be true?

This can’t be done by him.

How can this be true?

二、may, might

1) 表示请求和允许。might比 may语气更委婉,而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t

或mustn’t,表示“不可以,禁止”。

----Might/ May I smoke in this room?

---- No, you mustn’t.

---- May/Might I take this book out of the room?

---- Yes, you can. (No, you can’t / mustn’t. )

用May I...?征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气,而用Can I...?在口语中更常见。

2)用于祈使句,表示祝愿。

May you succeed!

3) 表示推测、可能性(不用于疑问句)。

might不是过去式,它所表示的可能性比may小。

1.He may /might be very busy now.

2.Your mother may /might not know the truth.

三、must, have to

1) 表示必须、必要。

You must come in time.

在回答引出的问句时,如果是否定的,不能用mustn’t(禁止,不准),而用needn’t, don’t have to(不必).

---- Must we hand in our exercise books today?

---- Yes, you must.

---- No, you don’t have to / you needn’t.

2) must是说话人的主观看法, 而have to则强调客观需要。Must只有一般现在时, have to 有更多的时态形式。

1. he play isn’t interesting, I really must go now.

2. I had to work when I was your age.

3) 表示推测、可能性(只用于肯定的陈述句)

1. You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.

2. Your mother must be waiting for you now.

四、dare, need

1) dare作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中, 过去式形式为dared。

1. How dare you say I’m unfair?

2. He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he?

3. If we dared not go there that day, we couldn’t get the beautiful flowers.

2) need 作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代替。

1.You needn’t come so early.

2. ---- Need I finish the work today?

---- Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.

3) dare和 need作实义动词用时, 有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中,dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中,dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。

1. I dare to swim across this river.

2. He doesn’t dare (to) answer.

情态动词用法 第6篇

这个字典不见了,谁可能拿走了?

②She could not have been more than six then.

那时她不可能超过六岁。

3、may / might have v-ed

may / might have v-ed 表示推测过去某事“也许”发生了.may 比 might 表示的可能性在说话人看来稍大些。例如:

①I can’t find my keys. I may / might have left them at the school yesterday.

我找不到我的钥匙了,也许我昨天把它们丢在学校了。

②She might have gone home.

她或许回家了。

4、ought to / should have v-ed 和 ought not to / shouldn’t have v-ed

ought to / should have v-ed 和 ought not to / shouldn’t have v-ed 用于对已发生的情况表示“责备”、“不满”,分别表示“本应该”和“本不应该”。例如:

①With all the work finished, I should have gone to the party last night.

当所有工作完成时,我昨晚本应该去参加派对的。

②He ought not to have kept us waiting so long.

他当时不应该让我们等那么久。

5、needn’t have v-ed

needn’t have v-ed 表示过去做了某事,但没有做的必要, 意为“本没必要”。例如:

①You needn’t have waken me up I don’t have to go to work today.

你不必喊我起床了,我今天不上班。

②They need not send me a receipt.

他们不必寄给我收条。

(二)情态动词+行为动词进行式

情态动词+行为动词进行式(即情态动词+ be + v-ing形式),表示推测或评论某动作现在是否正在进行。例如:

①He must be playing basketball.

他现在应该在打篮球。

②You should be reading a textbook.

此刻你应当在看课本。

(三)情态动词+行为动词完成进行式

情态动词+行为动词完成进行式(即情态动词+ have been + v-ing 形式),表示推测或评论过去某动作是否正在进行或一直在进行。例如:

①They should have been meeting to discuss the problem.

他们应该一直在见面讨论这个问题。

②You must have been thinking of something.

你准是一直在想什么心事。

五、总结

情态动词need用法小结

情态动词need用法小结(精选6篇)情态动词need用法小结 第1篇一、NEED与句子类型(本条可参照ANY的用法。)NEED可用于:1.否定句/含有否定...
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