as的用法小结与练习

as的用法小结与练习（精选6篇）

as的用法小结与练习 第1篇

单词as词形简单，但用法复杂，可作副词、替代词、关系代词、从属连词和介词。还可与其他词汇结合构成诸多搭配，故as一直是高考热点，也是广大考生复习备考的难点。现结合考题，剖析难点，以飨读者。

一、用作介词，as与like用法区别

[例1] Let’s learn to use the problem we are facing ______ a stepping-stone to future success.(NMET 2008全国卷)A.to B.for C.as D.by [解析] C。as作介词表“作为”，常接在treat/regard/recognize/use等动词之后；而like表“像„„一样”。试比较：

(1)He is a child, and must be treated as such.他年幼，应该当孩子对待。(2)He acted like a child, while he had grown up.他虽已成人，但做事却像孩子一样。

二、用作从属连词

1．表时间，as/when/while用法区别

[例2] Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially ______ Father was away in France.(NMET 1994全国卷)A.as B.that C.during D.if [解析] A。主从句动作先后发生常用when；两个较长动作同时发生用while；特别强调主从句动作同时发生用as，译作“一边„„一边”，as还可表“随着”。另when, while还可用作并列连词。when表at that time，而while表“两相对照”。

2．表原因，as/because/since/for用法区别

[例3] Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, ______ this was a memory she especially treasured.(NMET 2006广东卷)A.as B.if C.when D.where [解析]A。as 作从属连词引导原因状语从句。as和because, since, for的区别是：because语势最强，用来说明人所未知的原因，回答why提出的问题，可置于强调句中且其前可加修饰语； since是双方都知晓原因或经过分析而得之的原因，语气次之；for是并列连词，前用逗号隔开，表逻辑推理或补充说明；as语气最弱，原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，即已知原因，所引导的分句可置于句首。

3．表转折，引导让步状语从句[来源:学科网ZXXK]

[例4] ______, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.(NMET 2005重庆卷）

A.A quiet student as he may be B.Quiet student as he may be C.Be a quiet student as he may D.Quiet as he may be a student [解析] B。as 引导让步状语从句时，形容词、副词、动词等常置前；若表语为名词，前置时使用零冠词；从句谓语动词常和助动词或情态动词may, might, will, would等连用。

4．表正如，引导方式状语从句

[例5] —Who should be responsible for the accident? —The boss, not the workers.They just carried out the order ______.(NMET 2008福建卷)A.as told B.as are told C.as telling D.as they told [解析]A。as引导方式状语从句，表按照、正如；非限定分句“从属连词+-ed/-ing形式” 可以看作是一种省略，即省略了主语和be动词。究竟使用何种非谓语动词形式取决于主被动关系。又如：

(1)As I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.（NMET 2005浙江卷）

(2)Doctors have said that as many as 40 percent of patients don’t take medicine as directed.三、用作关系代词，指代整个句子，as/which/it用法区别

[例6] The Beatles, ______ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.(NMET 2006天津卷)A.what B.that C.how D.as [解析] D。as作关系代词，在非限制性定语从句中，可指代整个句子内容，置于句首，而which不可；it为代词，用作句子成分，但不用来连接句子，故常和并列连词连用；在限制性定语从句中常与such, the same连用，试比较：[来源:Zxxk.Com]

(1)I haven’t many toys but I will send you such as I have.我的玩具并不多。不过，我会把我仅有的一点玩具送给你。

(2)The book is not such that I can advise you to read it.这本书并不怎么样，我没法向你推介。

四、用作从句性替代词，等同于so

[例7] —My room gets very cold at night.—______.(NMET 2007江苏卷)A.So is mine B.So mine is C.So does mine D.So mine does [解析]C。从题干中动词gets得知，助动词应选择do的适当形式，故排除选项A和B；从语序上考虑，排除选项D。as用作从句性替代词，等同于so，只是用于正式语体中。如：Our eating habits have changed, as has our way of life.五、as„as结构

1．构成倍数比较句型：n times+as„as

[例8] What a table!I’ ve never seen such a thing before.It is ______ it is long.（NMET 2005湖北卷）

A.half not as wide as B.wide not as half as C.not half as wide as D.as wide as not half [解析]答案C。not与谓语动词连用构成否定。as 作从属连词引导比较状语从句，常见结构为as...as，第一个as为副词，后接形容词或副词，第二个as为连词。程度修饰语应放在第一个as之前。

2.as/so long as

[例9] —Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?[来源:学&科&网] —I don’t mind where we go ______ there’s sun, sea and beach.(NMET 2008全国卷)A.as if B.as long as C.now that D.in order that [解析] B。as long as最基本词义表示主从句动作延续时间一样长，可引导时间状语从句；若引导条件状语从句，表“只要”，同only if，为唯一条件。又如：

As long as I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.（NMET 2003北京卷）

3.as far as

[例10] ______ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.（NMET 2004北京春季卷）

A.As long as B.As far as C.Just as D.Even if [解析] B。as far as I knowcan seeam concerned表据我所知（我看、我所关心的）；as far as还表“远至”。

4.as much as

[例11] The more I think about him, the more reasons I find for loving him ______ I did.（NMET 2005湖南卷）

A.as much as B.as long as C.as soon as D.as far as [解析]A。as much as表程度或数量；as long as表长度或条件；as soon as尽快；as far as远至，根据。若用于否定句中，第一个as换为so。例：Young people in the US don’t care so much about fashion as those in China.5.as well as

[例12] John plays football ______, David.(NMET 1994全国卷)A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as [解析]B。if not better than为插入语，对考生答题具有一定干扰。as well as在功能上相当于并列连词，用来连接两个平行成分，但不能用作并列连词。注意在连接两个并列谓语动词时，其后的动词使用动词-ing形式；除此之外，所连接的成分前后应保持平行、对等。试比较：

⑴ Computers have been put into robots and _____to make mobile phones as well as _______with medical operations.(原创模拟)A.used;to help B.used;help C.using;helping D.using;helped ⑵ Computers have been put into robots as well as _____to make mobile phones and _______with medical operations.(原创模拟)[来源:Zxxk.Com]

A.used;to help B.having been used;help C.being used;helping D.using;helped 答案与解析：⑴B；⑵B。⑴中and为并列连词，used与谓语动词put保持一致。as well as用来连接两个并列状语，作不定式的宾语，故make与help保持一致；⑵中as well as用来连接两个并列动词，故紧随其后的动词使用-ing形式，并与谓语动词照应，使用having been used形式。其后and为并列连词，连接并列状语，作不定式的宾语，保持一致。

6.as good as

[例13] He said he would do whatever he could to help me, and he was ______ his word.A.as good as B.as well as C.as much as D.as many as [解析]A。as good as最基本词义是“和„„一样好”；还可表示“几乎，简直是”，其后接名词、动词或形容词均可，在功能上相当于副词very nearly。如：

⑴The work is as good as finished.工作基本完成。

⑵If he finds out, I’m as good as dead.要是他发现了，我就完了。

六、as其他常见搭配 1．so as to

[例14] All these gifts must be mailed immediately ______ in time for Christmas.（NMET 2005辽宁卷）

A.in order to have received B.in order to receive C.so as to be received D.so as to be receiving [解析] C。so+(adj./adv.)as to do既表目的又可表结果，在表目的时可以和in order to换用但不可置于句首。so后接形容词或副词时只表结果。此题结合时态和语态对考生进行综合考查。试比较：

[例15] My English teacher’s humor was ______ make every student burst into laughter.(NMET 2008江西卷)A.so as to B.such as to C.such that D.so that [解析]B。从题干动词make可以看出，选项C和D应排除，sosuch that为从属连词，后接从句；此处such 为代词，表这样的人或物，作表语，后续不定式表

结果，其前加as to以示强调。试比较：My English teacher’s humor was such that makes every student burst into laughter.[来源:学科网ZXXK][来源:Z_xx_k.Com] 2．as against/for/to/with

[例16] ______ pandas, golden monkeys are in danger of dying out in our country.A.As against B.As for C.As to D.As with [解析] D。此题考查as的常见搭配。as against与„„相对；as for somebodysomething就„„而言；as to(依照一定的标准或原则)根据、依照；as with和„„一样。

3.as if/though

[例17] Elize remembers everything exactly as if it ______ yesterday.(NMET 2006全国卷)A.was happening B.happens C.has happened D.happened [解析]D。as if 引导方式状语从句，同时涉及虚拟语气的用法。主从句动作同时发生，对现在假设，从句用一般过去时；若对过去假设则用过去完成时。as if后还可接to dodoing等。如：He opens his mouth as if to speak.他张开嘴好像要说话。

4.as还有以下常见搭配：

(1)Leave the book as it was.把书原样放好。

(2)Just as exercise is to the body, so is reading to the mind.正如锻炼对身体很重要，读书对大脑也一样重要。

(3)My friend Martin was very sick with a strange fever;as a result, he could neither eat nor sleep.我的朋友马丁患了一种奇怪的感冒。结果，病折腾得他既不能吃又不能睡。

(4)Steve, as usual, was the last to arrive.史蒂夫照例来得最晚。(5)Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are becoming rare.兰花、报春花等野花越来越稀少。[来源:Zxxk.Com] 巩固性练习：

1.There at the door stood a girl about the same height ______.A.as me B.as mine C.with mine D.with me 2.______ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.A.As B.For C.With D.Through 3.______ the day went on, the weather got worse.A.With B.Since C.While D.As 4.I do every single bit of house work ______ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.A.since B.while C.when D.as5 5.We had better hurry ______ it is getting dark.A.and B.but C.as D.unless 6.We cannot figure out ______ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.A.that B.as C.why D.when 7.Parents should take seriously their children’s requests for sunglasses ______ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather.A.because B.though C.unless D.if 8.______ everybody knows about it, I don’t want to talk any more.A.For B.Even C.Since D.However 9.______, he doesn’t study well.A.As he is clever B.He is as clever C.Clever as he is D.As clever he is 10.Famous as he is, ______.A.his works are not widely read B.but his works are not widely read C.however his works are not widely read D.still his works are not widely read 11.______, I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John.A.As long as I have traveled B.Now that I have traveled so much C.Much as I have traveled D.As I have traveled so much 12.______ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.A.It B.As C.That D.What 13.______ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.A.Which B.When C.What D.As[来源:学科网ZXXK] 14.—It’s burning hot today, isn’t it? —Yes.______ yesterday.A.As was it B.So it was C.As it is D.So is it 15.It is reported that the United States uses ______ energy as the whole of Europe.A.as twice B.twice much C.twice much as D.twice as much 16.Our neighbor has ______ours.A.as a big house as B.as big a house as C.the same big house as D.a house the same big as[来源:学,科,网Z,X,X,K] 17.Americans eat ______ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.A.more than twice B.as twice as many

C.twice as many as D.more than twice as many 18.The WTO cannot live up to its name ______ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.A.as long as B.while C.if D.even though 19.After supper she would sit down by the fire, sometimes for ______ an hour, thinking of her young and happy days.A.as long as B.as soon as C.as much as D.as many as 20.—How far apart do they live? —______ I know, they live in the same neighborhood.A.As long as B.As far as C.As well as D.As often as 21.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ______.A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken 22.John shut everybody out of the kitchen ______ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.[来源:学科网] A.which B.when C.so that D.as if 23.The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ______ whether he was going in the right direction.A.seeing B.having seen C.to have seen D.to see 24.Tom kept quiet about the accident ______ lose his job.A.so not as to B.so as not to C.so as to not D.not so as to 25.A typhoon swept across tiffs area with heavy rains and winds ______ strong as 113 miles per hour.A.too B.very C.so D.as

26.The organization encourages members to meet on a regular basis, ______ them with financial support.A.as well as providing B.as much as provide C.as good as providing D.as far as provide 27.We’re going to the cinema tonight, why don’t you come along _____? A.though B.yet C.however D.as well 28.They own a house in the city ________a villa in the countryside.A.as many as B.as much as C.as good as D.as well as 29.____is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.A.As B.That C.This D.Such 30.Pop music is such an important part of society _____ has even influenced our language.A.as B.that C.which D.where 参考答案：1~5 BCDBC 6~10 CACCA 11~15 CBDAD 16~20 BDCAB 21~25 CCDBD 部分难题答案与解析：

1.B 搭配the same „as„，mine同my height。

16.B as„as结构中第一个as为副词，后续形容词或副词。选项C应变为the same house as big as；选项D应改为a house as big as。

29.D such表这样的人或物，构成“Such is+主语”结构，our belief后续从句为同位语从句。

30.A 后一分句缺少主语，故选择既起连接作用又担任句子成分的关系代词as。

as的用法小结与练习 第2篇

as是英语中意义广泛、用法灵活且复现率极高的词, 每年高考命题和其他各级命题都会从不同角度对其进行考查。它在词性上有介词、连词和代词等，主要有以下用法。

一、作介词

表示“作为，当作；以„„身份”，其后常接名词。

例如：Johnson works as a doctor.约翰逊（的职业）是个医生。

I like him as a person, but I don’t think much of him as s writer.作为一个普通人，我是喜欢他的，但是作为一名作家，我对他的评价并不高。

Wang Baoqiang’s talents as a film actor were soon recognized.作为电影演员，王宝强的天才很快得到了赏识。

【注意】as和like都可以作介词，但意义不同。as表示“以实际的身份或地位”，like则表示“与„„相似，以与„„相类似的方式”。

例如：He has been playing tennis as a professional for five years.(= he is a professional)他作为一名职业选手已经打了五年网球了。

He plays tennis like a professional.(= he is not a professional but he plays as well as a professional)他打网球就像职业选手一样。

二、作连词

as作连词时，用法比较多，可以引导时间状语从句、原因状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句等。

（一）as引导时间状语从句

表示主句和从句的动作同时发生，并具有延续的含义，意思是“正当„„的时候；随着„„”。

例如：Tom caught sight of Jenny as he was getting off the train.正当汤姆下火车的时候，他看见珍妮了。

As the election approaches, the situation in Libya is getting worse and worse.随着大选的临近，利比亚局势越来越糟糕。

【注意】as与when，while都是引导时间状语从句的从属连词，含义都是“当„„的时候”。但它们有区别：as和when引导的从句可以表示一个短暂性的动作，也可以表示一个持续性的动作；用when时，从句的动作可以与主句的动作同时发生，也可以先于主句的动作发生；但若要表示两个正在发展变化的情况时，一般用as，表示“随着……”。用while时，主句动作与从句动作同时进行或在从句动作过程中发生，从句动词必须是延续性的。

（二）as引导原因状语从句

as一般放在句首，语气较弱，较口语化。

例如：As she has no car, she can’t get the station easily.因为她没有车，去车站不容易。As it is raining, we shall not go the park.由于天在下雨，我们不去公园了。

【注意】as和because，since都可以表示因果关系，但它们有区别：because表示的语气最强，当用于由why提问的句子回答时，必须用because作答；since常常用在书面语中，表示多为对方已知的、或稍加分析便可得知的原因，有时可译作“既然”。

例如：Tom was absent from the opening ceremony because he was ill.因为他生病了，汤姆没有参加开幕式。

--Why can’t I go skiing? 为什么我不能去？--Because you’re too young.因为你太年轻了。

He must have shut the door since he was the last one to leave.他肯定关门了，因为他是最后一个离开的。Since you can’t answer the question, perhaps we’d better ask someone else.既然你不能回答这个问题，我们也许该问问别人。

（三）as引导让步状语从句

as所表示的语气较强，意思是“虽然”，它引导的让步状语从句用倒装语序。倒装语序主要有以下三种形式：

1.形容词或副词+as+主语+（连系动词）be或实义动词。

例如：Rich as he is, he never spends a cent on clothes.虽然他很富有，但他从不花一分钱买衣服。

Much as I admire his courage, I don’t think he acted wisely.我虽然佩服他的勇气，但我认为他这样做是不明智的。

Hard as I studied, I couldn’t catch up with others in class.我虽然努力学习，但赶不上班里其他同学。

2.名词+as+主语+（连系动词）be(注意：句首的名词不带冠词)。

例如：Child as he is, he knows a lot about physics.尽管他是个孩子，但对物理知道不少。3.实义动词+as+主语+助动词，如果没有助动词，则要加上一个do(does或did。例如：Try as he may, he never succeeds.尽管他很努力，但总是不成功。

Search as they would here and there, they could find nothing in the room.尽管到处寻找，但他们在房子里找不到任何东西。

【注意】这种倒装结构中，as可以用though替换，但是不能用although，在运用时要特别注意。

（四）as引导方式状语从句

意思是“如”，“像”，“按照„„的方式”。例如：Remember, you must do everything as I do.记住，你必须按照我做的那样做一切。

（五）as…as…的用法

as...as…意为“和„„一样„„”，表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词。其肯定结构为：as+ adj./ adv.+as…；否定结构为：not as/so +adj./ adv.+as…。

例如：This film is as interesting as that one.这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。He can speak English as fluently as a native.他说英语和当地人一样流利。

This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.这本字典不如你想象的那样有用。【注意】若有修饰成分，如twice, three times, half, a quarter等，则须置于第一个as之前。例如：Your car is twice as expensive as mine.你的汽车比我的贵一倍。

三、作代词

as作代词时，常用于引导定语从句，主要有以下结构： 1.用于the same...as，such...as等结构中

例如：This is the same book as I read last week.这本书和我上周读的那本是一样的。I don’t like such books as he recommends.我不喜欢他推荐的那些书。2.用于“so/as +adj.+ a/an + n.(单数)+ as”结构中

The man is not so/as healthy a man as he was.那个人已经没有从前那么健康了。3.as引导非限制性定语从句时，所指代的内容通常指整个结构；在句子中位置比较灵活，可以在句首、句中或句末。

例如：She is late, as is often the case.她迟到了，这是经常的事。(先行词是整个主句)To shut your eyes to facts, as many of you do, is foolish.视而不见是愚蠢的，好多人都是如此。(先行词是不定式短语)David, as you know, is a famous actor.你是知道的，大卫是著名的演员。【注意】当修饰句子的非限制性定语从句位于句末时，as可以用which来替代。但是，当as从句位于句首或句中时，as就不能用which来替代了。

例如：I live a long way from work, as(which)you know.我住得离工作单位很远，这你是知道的。

As you will find out, I will never let you down.你将会发现，我绝不会使你失望的。Taiwan, as you know, is an inseparable part of China.你们知道，台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。

【注意】as引导非限制性定语从句时，常用于一些固定结构中。如：as we all know/as is known to all大家都知道；as is often the case情况就是这样；as is said/mentioned above/as has been said before如上所述；as can be seen大家看到；as is/was expected/as we expect正如预料；as I can remember我能记住

四、与as相关的固定搭配

as good as差不多，几乎；和„„一样好

as soon as 一„„就„„ as long as只要

as well as同(一样也)；和；还 as far as I’m concerned 据我所知 as if／as though似乎；好像

such…as, such as像„„这样的；比如 as to关于某事物；提到某事物 so as to...为了

as a matter of fact其实；实际上

as a result，as a result of由于„„的结果

浅析As与which的用法比较 第3篇

1) This elephant is like a snake, as anybody can see.谁都看得出来, 这头大象就像一条蛇。

2) The stems of bamboo are hollow, which make them very light.竹子的躯干是空心的, 所以很轻。

在上面的两个句子中, as与which的用法极其相似, 它们分别引导一个以整个句子为先行内容的非限制性定语从句。那么as与which在引导这类非限制性定语从句时, 其用法是否完全相同呢?下面从三个方面阐述。

1 as与which词义比较

which引导这类定语从句时, 词义相当明确, 常可译成“这一点、这件事”.as却较特殊, 虽然一些词典也把它解释为and this (这一点, 这件事) , 但我们认为, 仅仅这样解释有可能导致下面句子的转换错误:

3) He saw the girl, and this delighted him.他看到了那姑娘, 这使他很高兴。

He saw the girl, which delighted him.

He saw the girl, as delighted him.

As用作这一特殊关系代词时, 与它在状语从句中所起的作用有着相当密切的关系, 在引导这类非限定性定语从句时, 具有两重性, 即在结构上它象which一样是一个关系代词, 而在语义上它仍然相当于一个表示“如, 正如”含义的一般连词。

2 as与which句法比较

as与which在句法上都有各自的一些习惯用法, 不能混淆, 下面作一简单归纳。

2.1 which常常用作实意动词的主语, 这时它所引导的从句与主句之间常常含有并列因果等关系

4) They moved the fallen tree, which took a long time.

他们把倒下的树搬走了, 这费了不少时间。

5) We took a short cut through the woods, which saved about ten minutes.

我们抄近路穿过树林, 这使我们少花了大约十分钟。以上两句相当于一个由and连接的并列句。

6) The child had fever every night, which worried his parents very much.

这孩子每晚发烧, 这使他父母非常焦急。

7) She mimicked everything he said, which made him furious.

她模仿他说话, 这使他勃然大怒。

以上两句多少含有某种逻辑上的因果关系, 从句中的谓语动词常用make, worry, delay, upset, enrage, annoy.等“使役动词”。

在以上四个句子中, as是绝对不能用的。

2.2 as常作一些实义动词的宾语, 这类动词与as几乎成了一种固定搭配

8) He is tired, as anybody can see.

他累了, 这一点大家都能看得出来。

9) As we know now, heavy objects and light objects fall at the same speed unless air holds them back..

我们现在都知道, 如果没有空气的阻力, 重的物体和轻的物体下落的速度是一样的。

10) There was, as I remember, a bar around here.我记得这儿附近有一家酒吧。

这时一般用as, 偶尔也有用which的, 例如:

11) Moreover, which you may hardly believe, the examiners had decided in advance to fail half the candidates!

此外, 你可能很难相信, 主考人员事先已经决定要淘汰一半应考人!

这里的which用的比较别扭, 但是当从句的谓语动词是否定形式或从句谓语带的是一个复合宾语结构时, 一般只能用which, 例如:

12) One has to eat standing up in that bar, which I don‘like.在那家酒吧得站着吃东西, 这我可不喜欢。

13) You pretended not to know me, which I didn‘t understand.你假装不认识我, 这我可弄不明白为什么。

14) He admires Mrs.Brown, which I find strange.他很爱慕布朗夫人, 这使我觉得很奇怪。

2.3 当从句谓语是由系动词+形容词构成时, 常用which作主语

15) He married her, which was disgraceful.他同她结了婚, 这很不光彩。

16) She cycled from London to Glasgow, which is pretty good for a woman of 75.她骑自行车从伦敦到格拉斯哥, 这对一位七十五岁的妇女来说真是不简单。

17) They have invited me to dinner, which is very kind of them.他们请我去吃饭, 这真是太客气了。

As只能与少数几个形容词连用, 如clear, evident等, 例如:

18) He is a foreigner, as is clear from his appearance.他是个外国人, 这一点可以从他的外表清楚地看出来。

19) The caller was an old lady, as was evident from the voice on the phone.打电话的是一位老妇人, 这从电话的声音可以明显地听出来。

不难发现, as与which这时有明显不同。用which时, 主句先是陈述一桩事情, 然后从句补充说话人对主句所表示内容的看法。用as时, 主句是说话人作出的判断, 从句则提供一种理由或依据。在结构上, which引导的这类定语从句中的形容词有不少具有这类性质, 即都可以带一个不定式的复合结构。比如下面三个句子在语法上同样是成立的:

20) It was disgraceful of him to have married her.

21) It is pretty good for a woman of 75 to cycle from London to Glasgow.

22) It is very kind of them to have invited me to dinner.

而as引导的从句中的形容词却不具有这种特性, 不能带不定式复合结构, 但可以带that从句, 比如句18、19可以说成:

23) It is clear from his appearance that he is a foreigner.

24) It was evident from the voice on the phone that the caller was an old lady.

注意:有些形容词几乎与as组成了固定搭配, 如as is most likely, as is well known, as is natural.等等。

2.4 用简洁表达法, 而且两种句子意思不尽相同, as引导的这类定语从句意义上更像一个状语从句。

试比较:

25) He died of cancer, which is what I predicted.他死于癌症, 这正是我所预料的。

26) He died of cancer, as I predicted.正如我所预料的那样, 他死于癌症。

27) The activity was postponed, which was exactly what we wanted.这项活动延期了, 这正是我们所希望的。

28) The activity was postponed, as we exactly wanted.正如我们所希望的那样, 这项活动延期了。

29) Caroline was elected by a large majority, which was what most people had expected.卡罗琳以多数票当选, 这正是大多数人所期望的。

30) Caroline was elected by a large majority, as most people had expected.正如大多数人所期望的那样, 卡罗琳以多数票当选了。

用which结构时, 句子意思侧重表示主句所陈述的事实同猜想、预期的情况相符;用as结构时, 句子意思侧重表示猜想预料的情况已经变成或将变成事实。这时, 虽说as引导的从句在意义上更像状语从句, 但在句法结构上仍不失为一个非限制性定语从句, 因为, 这时的as从句与as引导的一般状语从句还是有着明显区别的。试比较下面两个句子:

31) He died of cancer, as his father had done.

在前一个句子里, as用作特殊关系代词, 代替主句所表示的内容, 在它所引导的非限定性定语从句中作predict的定语。在后一个句子里, as是一般连词, 意思是in the same way that, 它引导的是一个方式状语从句, 全句的意思是:他像父亲一样死于癌症。

2.5 as常接report, announce, say, expect等动词的被动语态

例如:

32) He opposed the idea, as could be expected.正如可以预料的那样, 他反对这个意见。

33) As has been said above, grammar is not a set of dead rules.正如前面所述, 语法并不是一套死规则。

34) A new hotel will be built, as is announced in today‘s papers.据今天报载, 将建造一家新旅馆。

2.6 which本身在从句中还可用作定语、介词宾语, 而as却不能

35) He is very old, which fact is important.他年纪很大了, 这个事实相当重要。

36) He may come, in which case I‘ll ask him.他可能会来的, 要是那样的话我就去问他。

37) He changed his mind for the second time, after which I refused ever to go out with him again.他再一次改变了主意, 之后, 我拒绝再和他一块出去了。

3 as从句与which从句在句子中的位置

as从句与which从句在句子中的位置问题一般并无争议。Which从句一般位于主句之后, 不能放在主句前面, 不能说:

38) Which was reckless, Jack drove too fast.

而只能说:

38) Jack drove too fast, which was reckless.

杰克开车太快了, 这简直有点胡来。

As从句的位置则比较灵活, 一般可以放在句首、句中、或句末, 例如:

39) As was expected, he performed the task with success.正如预料的那样, 他成功地完成了那项任务。

40) The Smiths, as you probably know, are going to America.你们可能知道, 史密斯全家打算去美国。

综上所述, which引导的这类非限定性定语从句无论是在结构上还是在意义上都是无容置疑的。而as引导的这类非限定性定语从句往往只是在结构上较为明显, 在意义上多少有点像状语从句, 有的语法学家把它称之为“状语化的定语从句”。as从句在句子中的位置的灵活性正好证明了这一观点。当然, as与某些单词、结构的搭配能力相当强, 而且比较固定, 也就是说具有某种习语特性。正是由于这些原因, 我们认为as与which在使用时应当特别慎重, 一般不宜随便替换。以上笔者只是简单作了些归纳、比较, 谈了一些粗浅的看法, 不当之处还望同行加以批评指正。

摘要：as与which用法比较、从词义句法和它们引导的从句在句子中的位置来加以说明比较, 牢固掌握灵活运用。

关键词：as与which用法,比较,词义,句法,位置

参考文献

as的用法小结与练习 第4篇

下面笔者首先介绍as it happens的两种语义与用法，然后再探讨上述问题。

As it happens的语义与用法一

As it happens与主语从句句型“it happens that …”的含义相近，表示“碰巧”的含义，用英文解释就是by coincidence。具体来说，我们可以用as it happens来引出一个陈述句，表示所陈述的情形有些出人意料，相当于汉语里说“你还别说，碰巧还真有这样的事情发生呢”，含有惊讶之意。比如当你告诉笔者说今年冬令营你将要去英国剑桥大学时，笔者可以用下面这句话来回答。

1. As it happens， I went to university there！

正好我是在那里上大学的！

既然as it happens含有惊讶之意，那么我们可以用它来引出一个陈述，该陈述与前面的陈述形成对照或对比，以下面这个对话为例。

2. A： You wouldn’t know Cambridge university， I suppose.

B： As it happens， I went to university there！

A：我想你应该不了解剑桥大学吧。

B：碰巧我是在那里上大学的！

我们可以看到，这里as it happens的使用使得A与B的陈述形成了对比。下面我们来比较一下as it happens与大家熟悉的as we know之间的区别。来看下面两个例句。

3. a. As it happens， I went to university there！

正好我是在那里上大学的！

b. As we know， I went to university there！

大家都知道，我是在那里上大学的！

通过对比上述两个句子，我们就会发现，a句中的as it happens引出的是一个未知情形，确切来说，是一个对听者（或读者）来说是未知而对说话者（或作者）来说是已知的情形；而as we know引出的是一个已知情形，即交际双方都共同知晓的信息。我们再来看看下面这个对话。

4. A： It would be better to have a tent now.

B： I have my tent with me in the car， as it happens. I’ll go and get it.

A：现在要是有一个帐篷就好了。

B：正好我车里有，我现在就去拿。

在这个对话中，A说想要一个帐篷，而B说正好我车里有，可见A之前并不知道B的车里有帐篷，因此这里的as it happens引出的也是一个对听者来说是未知的情形。

除了表示“碰巧”的语义，as it happens还有另外一个完全不同的意义和用法，请比较下面两个句子。

5. a. As it happens， I went to university there！

碰巧我是在那里上大学的！

b. She told me the whole story exactly as it happened.

她把发生的事原原本本地告诉了我。

As it happens在两个句子中最大的区别在于语义功能：a句中的as it happens是用来评述主句的，而b句中的as it happened是用来描述名词story的。这两处的as it happens的区别我们还可以从代词it的变化上看出来。在a句中，由于it指代主句，因此此种用法只能用it，不能将it改为they。在b句中，代词it指代单数名词story，这就意味着，如果as从句所描述的名词是一个复数名词，那么就该用they，比如我们可以把上面那个句子改写成复数形式：“She told me all those stories exactly as they happened.”

中国作家莫言向外界发表2012年诺贝尔文学奖获奖演说时说了下面这句话：“当然，个人的经历无论多么奇特也不可能原封不动地写进小说。小说必须虚构，必须想象。”对于这句话，美国著名翻译家Howard Goldblatt （中文名葛浩文）进行了如下翻译。

6. Naturally， personal experience cannot be turned into fiction exactly as it happened， no matter how unique that might be. Fiction has to be fictional， has to be imaginative.

这个句子中使用的as it happened不是用来评述主句的，而是用于描述名词短语personal experience的，这里的it指代名词短语personal experience。

综上所述，两种不同用法的as it happens区别如下。

结语

有了上述关于as it happens的语言知识，下面我们来分析本文开头的那个标题“Royal baby： Duchess of Cambridge gives birth to a boy—as it happened”。

如果单看这个标题，我们可以把这里的as it happened理解成上述用法一，即用于评述主句“Duchess of Cambridge gives birth to a boy”。因此，整个标题可译成“王子诞生：剑桥公爵夫人恰好生下一男婴”。这里as it happened表达了一种意外的惊喜之意，生下的是一名王子，也是英国未来的国王，当然惊喜。

我们也可以把视角拓展开来，看看该新闻标题下面的一些小标题，如下所示。

· Live royal baby coverage continues here

· Baby born at 4：24 pm at St Mary’s hospital in London

· Announcement made just over four hours later

· Duke of Cambridge was present for healthy birth

· Kensington Palace says baby weighs 8 lb 6 oz

· Do you know your royal baby names？

根据这样的语境，笔者认为，这里的as it happened还可以理解成上述用法二，即表示“原原本本地”。那么问题来了：此时的it应该指代什么呢？这里涉及新闻标题中常出现的省略现象。根据语境，这里it大致相当于说the coverage of the event （as it happened），或者the sequence of events （as listed below the headline）。也就是说，it指代小王子诞生前后的整个事件，我们可以将it理解为“有关王子的连续跟踪报道”，所以下面第一个标题就是Live royal baby coverage continues here，意思是说“有关新生王子的现场报道持续进行”。

英语as as的用法 第5篇

其基本意思为“与…一样”，其中的第一个as为副词，其后通常接形容词或副词(用原级)，第二个as可用作介词(后接名词或代词)或连词(后接从句)。使用时应注意以下几点。如：

(1) 在否定句中，第一个 as 也可换成 so。如：

He doesn’t study as [so] hard as his brother. 他学习不如他弟弟努力。

(2) 在该结构的两个as之间通常接形容词或副词的原级，但若涉及数量或程度，可用“as much+不可数名词+as”和“as many+复数名词+as”。如：

You’ve made as many mistakes as I have. 你犯的错误和我犯的一样多。

I haven’t got as much money as I thought. 我不像原来想像的有那么多钱。

其间接形容词时，有时该形容词还可修饰另一名词，但这个名词应带有不定冠词(注意词序)。如：

She is as good a teacher as her mother. 她和她妈妈一样是位好老师。

也可说。如：She is a teacher as good as her mother.

但不说。如：She is as a good teacher as her mother. / They are as good teachers as us.

(3) 第二个as后接从句时，该as通常为连词，但有时这个as还充当其后从句的主语或宾语，此时该as实为关系代词。如：

I gave him as much as he could eat. 他能吃多少，我就给了他多少。

We’ve got food for as many people as want it. 我们的食物，无论多少人吃都够了。

(4) 该结构根据情况可用使用以下修饰语。如：(not) nearly, almost, just, nothing like, exactly, not quite, half, one-ten, twice, three times, 30 per cent等，并且这些修饰语必须置于第一个as之前，而不能置于其后。如：

He doesn’t play half as well as his sister. 他演奏的水平不及他姐姐的一半。

This dress is twice as expensive as that. 这件连衣裙比那件贵一倍。

(5) 若第二个as引导一个表示将来意义的从句，则该从句可用现在时表示将来，也可直接使用将来时态。如：

We’ll get there as soon as you do [will]. 你一到，我们就到。

(6) 在非正式场合(尤其是美国英语中)，有时可以省略第一个as。如：

When over forty, he married a woman poor as himself. 他在40多岁时娶了一个像他本人一样穷的女人。

另外，若意思明确，有时可省略第二个as及其后的相关词语。如：

英语as as的用法总结 第6篇

四、as…as结构的另一变体形式是“as+形容词原级+名词词组+as”

五、当as…as与表示重量、数量、时间、距离、价格等的计量名词连用时。往往并不表示比较。而是构成一个形容词组，意为“重达……，多达……，高达……”等。

六、“as+原级+as any(或ever)”、“as+原级+as…can be”、“nothing(或no)+so+原级+as…”等结构表达的是最高级意义。即在某种程度上或某方面达到极限或最大限度。

初中是开始学习系统语法知识的.重要阶段。这阶段语法学习好了，以后语法就会感到很轻松。首先应该明确是初中的时候我们学习的更多的是词法而不是句法，因为毕竟从简单开始吧，就算是中考题也基本上没有多少句法的题，所以初中一定要把重心放在词法上。