Photography and the pictorial weeklies

Photography and the pictorial weekliesIn the 1840s a new type of publication arose in Britain and the United States:the pictorial weekly. Early pictorial weeklies were large-size news magazinesthat included plentiful illustrations, often based on woodblock engravings.These magazines owed their rise in part to the development of new and betterprinting technologies, such as electrotype, and electrical process that used awax mold of a page, covered in graphite, to create a metal plate for printing.Other methods had previously been used to create plates for printing, but theelectrotype process was easier, faster, and more precise. It enabled thepictorial weeklies to have a distinctive large format.The word “plentiful” in the passage is closest in meaning toA.popularB.wonderfulC.numerousD.complexAccording to paragraph 1, the rise of pictorial weeklies in the 1840s madepossible in part byA.the discovery that electricity could be used to power printing pressesB.the discovery that plates could be used to print magazines faster thanbeforeC.the development of new printing technologiesD.the development of new methods for carving woodblock designsA second development of the early 1840s also influenced the nature of theillustrations in pictorial weeklies worldwide. If the arrival of the electrotype hadmade the high-volume printing of large, finely engraved illustrations possible,the emergence of photography gave many of these images a distinctivecharacter. Soon after the daguerreotype (the earliest photographic process)had swept the world in the early 1840s, artists for pictorial weeklies began touse these early photographs as sources for their illustrations. The growingpresence of woodblock-engraved portraits in the weeklies in the 1840s and1850s arose directly from the popularity of portrait photographs, any of whichcould easily be mailed or shipped anywhere in the world. In 1857 the artistWinnslow Homer in Boston copied onto a woodblock a daguerreotype portraitof a sea captain who lived in California thereby allowing the captain’s likenessto reach publication in the Companion without the subject’s having been withina few thousand miles of the artist who had drawn him. Nothing quite like thishad been possible so routinely or with such ease before the introduction ofthe daguerreotype in France in 1839 and its rapid spread elsewhere.According to paragraph 2, how did the emergence of photography influencepictorial weeklies?A.Photographs began to replace other types of illustration.B.The use of photographs helped increase the worldwide popularity ofweeklies.C.Photographs made it possible to produce weeklies faster and moreeasily.D.Artists began using photographs as sources for the illustrations theymade for weeklies.The word “routinely” in the passage is closest in meaning toA.efficientlyB.regularlyC.quicklyD.cheaplyBeyond supplying them with subjects, phot...