摘 要80C51 单片机是一款八位单片机，他的易用性和多功能性受到了广大使用者的好评。这里介绍的是如何用 80C51 单片机来实现长春工业大学的毕业设计，该设计是结合科研项目而确定的设计类课题。本系统以设计题目的要求为目的，采用 80C51 单片机为控制核心，利用超声波传感器检测道路上的障碍，控制电动小汽车的自动避障，快慢速行驶，以及自动停车，并可以自动记录时间、里程和速度，自动寻迹和寻光功能整个系统的电路结构简单，可靠性能高。实验测试结果满足要求，本文着重介绍了该系统的硬件设计方法及测试结果分析。 采用的技术主要有：（1） 通过编程来控制小车的速度；（2） 传感器的有效应用；（3） 新型显示芯片的采用.关键词 80C51 单片机、光电检测器、PWM 调速、电动小车IDesign and create an intelligence electricity motive small carAbstract80C51 is a 8 bit single chip computer. Its easily using and multi-function suffer large users. This article introduces the CCUT graduation design with the 80C51 single chip computer. This design combines with scientific research object. This system regards the request of the topic, adopting 80C51 for controlling core, super sonic sensor for test the hinder. It can run in a high and a low speed or stop automatically. It also can record the time, distance and the speed or searching light and mark automatically the electric circuit construction of whole system is simple, the function is dependable. Experiment test result satisfy the request, this text emphasizes introduced the hardware system designs and the result analyze.The adoption of technique as:(1) Reduce the speed by program the engine；(2) Efficient application of the sensor;(3) The adoption of the new display chip. Keywords 80C51 single chip computer, light electricity detector, PWM speed adjusting, Electricity motive small carII目 录第一章 前 言............................................................1第二章 方案设计与论证...................................................3一 直流调速系统.....................................................3二 检测系统.........................................................4三 显示电路.........................................................9四 系统原理图.......................................................9第三章 硬件设计........................................................10一 80C51 单片机硬件结构............................................10二 最小应用系统设计................................................11三 前向通道设计....................................................12四 后向通道设计....................................................15五 显示电路设计....................................................17第四章 软件设计........................................................20一 主程序设计......................................................20二 显示子程序设计..................................................24三 避障子程序设计..................................................25四 软件抗干扰技术..................................................26五 “看门狗”技术..................................................28六 可编程逻辑器件..................................................29第五章 测试数据、测试结果分析及结论....................................30致 谢...................
